The correlation of the radiologic extent of lung transplantation edema with pulmonary oxygenation.

OBJECTIVE: The study set out to evaluate the relationship between the efficiency of pulmonary oxygenation and the extent of the reimplantation response as revealed on chest radiography after bilateral lung transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postoperative chest radiographs of 31 patients who had undergone bilateral lung transplantation were evaluated for the extent of the reimplantation response. For each patient, the contemporaneous oxygenation indexes (partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood divided by fraction of inspired oxygen) were calculated and correlated with a radiographic score produced from the evaluation of chest radiographs. RESULTS: The method of evaluating chest radiographs for the extent of the reimplantation response was shown to be reproducible. Although mean oxygenation indexes were found to decrease with increasing radiographic scores, this trend was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Although the extent of the reimplantation response on the early postoperative chest radiography inversely correlated with the oxygenation efficiency of the transplanted lungs, this finding was not statistically significant.

Case report: A rapidly expanding testicular mass due to a ruptured ovarian follicle.

An ovotestis is the commonest gonad in the small number of patients who are true hermaphrodites. In the majority of ovotestes, testicular and ovarian tissue is arranged end-to-end. There has been only one previous report of the sonographic appearances of an ovotestis. We present the sonographic findings in a patient who developed a rapidly enlarging upper pole testicular mass, which was found on histology to be a ruptured ovarian follicle with spermatogenesis occurring within the adjacent testicular tissue.

How reliable are ultrasound measurements of renal length in adults?

Ultrasound assessment of patients with renal impairment commonly includes measurement of bipolar renal length. Reduction in length is considered to indicate chronic renal disease and is a factor in deciding whether to proceed to renal biopsy. To date, no published data are available on interobserver and intraobserver variation in sonographic renal length measurement in adults. Bilateral renal lengths were measured in 20 adult subjects, with no history of renal disease, by three experienced operators, on two separate occasions. Limits of agreement for replicate measurements by each ultrasonographer and for replicate measurements by each pair of ultrasonographers were determined. Values of repeatability (a measure of intraobserver variation) and reproducibility (a measure of interobserver variation) were calculated for all renal length measurements, and for right and left renal lengths separately. Results indicate that replicate renal length measurements differ by less than 1.85 cm in 95% of cases, and the magnitude of variations is similar when measurements are made by either single or different ultrasonographers, and are similar for right and left renal length measurements. This suggests that sonographic bipolar renal length measurements in normal adult kidneys are reasonably reliable. In diseased kidneys, however, in which identification of renal poles is difficult, interobserver and intraobserver variation may be much greater.