Is it the Sermon or the Choir? Pastoral Support, Congregant Support, and Worshiper Mental Health.

Background: Although religious involvement tends to be associated with improved mental health, additional work is needed to identify the specific aspects of religious practice that are associated with positive mental health outcomes. Our study advances the literature by investigating how two unique forms of religious social support are associated with mental health. Purpose: We explore whether support received in religious settings from fellow congregants or religious leaders is associated with participants' mental health. We address questions that are not only of interest to religion scholars, but that may also inform religious leaders and others whose work involves understanding connections between religious factors and psychological outcomes within religious communities. Methods: We test several hypotheses using original data from the "Mental Health in Congregations Study (2017-2019)", a survey of Christian and Jewish congregants from South Texas and the Washington DC area (N = 1882). Surveys were collected using both paper and online surveys and included an extensive battery of religious and mental health measures. Results: Congregant support has more robust direct associations with mental health outcomes than faith leader support. Increased congregant support is significantly associated (p < 0.001) with fewer symptoms of psychological distress (ß = - 0.168), anxiety (ß = - 0.159), and anger (ß = - 0.190), as well as greater life satisfaction (ß = 0.269) and optimism (ß = 0.283). However, faith leader support moderates these associations such that congregant support is associated with better mental health only in cases where faith leader support is also high. When leader support is low, congregant support and mental health are not associated. Conclusions and Implications: At the conceptual level, our study adds to an extensive literature on the relationship between religious social support and mental health. Additionally, our work may provide important insights to religious leadership in terms of communications strategies, services, and resources that might enhance overall congregant mental health and well-being.

El cuidado prenatal y los determinantes sociales: estudio ecológico en Argentina / Prenatal care and social determinants: ecological study in Argentina

Resumen Introducción: el cuidado prenatal es un aspecto clave de salud pública, con gran impacto en la salud materna y perinatal, así como en otras etapas del ciclo vital. Sus características pueden ser variables entre y al interior de los países, y vincularse a ciertos determinantes sociales. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal y analizar asociaciones entre determinantes sociales e indicadores sintéticos seleccionados del cuidado prenatal en Argentina (2010-2018). Metodología: se desarrolló un estudio ecológico de grupos múltiples (n = 24 jurisdicciones). Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de fuentes secundarias: última información disponible del Sistema Informático Perinatal (2018) y censo nacional (2010). Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados de tipo jerárquico y aglomerativo (método de Ward). Se ilustró la distribución espacial de los escenarios identificados y se valoraron las diferencias entre ellos mediante la prueba ANOVA. Para estimar asociaciones entre indicadores sociales e indicadores del cuidado prenatal se propusieron modelos de regresión lineal. Resultados: se identificaron cinco escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal, que revelan heterogeneidades en la distribución de indicadores de cuidado prenatal y sociales a nivel provincial. Además, el porcentaje de hogares en situación de pobreza presentó una asociación directa, en tanto el índice de desarrollo humano y la esperanza de vida al nacer una inversa con el control prenatal insuficiente. Conclusiones: existen diferentes escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal en Argentina y ciertas características sociales de los contextos en que residen las personas podrían subyacer a su configuración.

Abstract Introduction: the prenatal care is a key aspect in public health, with great impact in maternal and perinatal health, as well as in other stages of the life cycle. The features of the prenatal care could be variable between and within countries, and be related to social determinants. The aim of this study was to identify socio-sanitary scenarios of prenatal care, and to analyze associations between social determinants and selected synthetic indicators of prenatal care in Argentina (2010-2018). Methodology: A multi-group ecological study (n=24 jurisdictions) was developed. The data were obtained from secondary sources: the latest available data of the Perinatal Informatics' System (2018) and national census (2010). A hierarchical and agglomerative cluster analysis was carried out (Wards method). The spatial distribution of the scenarios was illustrated by a map. ANOVA test was applied to assess the differences between the identified scenarios. To estimate associations between social indicators and indicators of prenatal care, linear regression models were applied. Results: five socio-sanitary scenarios of prenatal care were identified, which reveal heterogeneities in the distribution of prenatal and social care indicators. In addition, the percentage of households living in poverty presented a direct association, and the human development index and life expectancy at birth an inverse association with insufficient prenatal care. Conclusions: different socio-sanitary scenarios exist in Argentina, and some social characteristics of the contexts in which people live might underlie its configuration.

Determinantes sociales y de género del exceso de peso en la adultez en contextos de pobreza urbana en Córdoba, Argentina, 2019 / Social and gender determinants of excess weight in the adulthood in contexts of urban poverty in Córdoba, Argentina, 2019

INTRODUCCIÓN: La clase social y el género se vinculan con la malnutrición por exceso. Sin embargo, existe aún escasa evidencia al respecto en contextos de pobreza urbana de Córdoba. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los determinantes sociales individuales de la ocurrencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y obesidad abdominal en la población adulta por género en contextos de pobreza de la ciudad de Córdoba en 2019. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico observacional de corte transversal, con una muestra aleatoria (n=380) de personas adultas usuarias de un hospital público. Se efectuaron mediciones antropométricas y una entrevista sobre características sociodemográficas, socioeconómicas, de género y de salud. Se estimaron modelos de regresión logística múltiple estratificados por género. RESULTADOS: Las mujeres solteras, separadas o viudas tenían menor probabilidad de sobrepeso (OR 0,40; IC 95%: 0,18-0,87) y las mujeres desocupadas (OR 0,27; IC 95%: 0,08-0,87 ) de obesidad abdominal. Los varones de nivel socioeconómico medio o bajo presentaban menor probabilidad de sobrepeso (OR 0,21; IC 95%: 0,05-0,76), y los que dedicaban mayor tiempo al trabajo no remunerado tenían menor probabilidad de presentar obesidad (OR 0,43; IC 95%: 0,20-0,89). DISCUSIÓN: La malnutrición por exceso en contextos de pobreza de Córdoba está relacionada con determinantes sociales y de género, y es diferente en varones y mujeres.

Intraurban socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy: a population-based cross-sectional analysis in the city of Córdoba, Argentina (2015-2018).

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate variability in life expectancy at birth in small areas, describe the spatial pattern of life expectancy, and examine associations between small-area socioeconomic characteristics and life expectancy in a mid-sized city of a middle-income country. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, using data from death registries (2015-2018) and socioeconomic characteristics data from the 2010 national population census. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: 40 898 death records in 99 small areas of the city of Córdoba, Argentina. We summarised variability in life expectancy at birth by using the difference between the 90th and 10th percentile of the distribution of life expectancy across small areas (P90-P10 gap) and evaluated associations with small-area socioeconomic characteristics by calculating a Slope Index of Inequality in linear regression. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Life expectancy at birth. RESULTS: The median life expectancy at birth was 80.3 years in women (P90-P10 gap=3.2 years) and 75.1 years in men (P90-P10 gap=4.6 years). We found higher life expectancies in the core and northwest parts of the city, especially among women. We found positive associations between life expectancy and better small-area socioeconomic characteristics, especially among men. Mean differences in life expectancy between the highest versus the lowest decile of area characteristics in men (women) were 3.03 (2.58), 3.52 (2.56) and 2.97 (2.31) years for % adults with high school education or above, % persons aged 15-17 attending school, and % households with water inside the dwelling, respectively. Lower values of % overcrowded households and unemployment rate were associated with longer life expectancy: mean differences comparing the lowest versus the highest decile were 3.03 and 2.73 in men and 2.57 and 2.34 years in women, respectively. CONCLUSION: Life expectancy is substantially heterogeneous and patterned by socioeconomic characteristics in a mid-sized city of a middle-income country, suggesting that small-area inequities in life expectancy are not limited to large cities or high-income countries.

Hipertensión arterial, abordaje desde una perspectiva de género, ciudad de Córdoba, 2019 / Hypertension, approach from a gender perspective, Cordoba city, 2019

Introducción: Determinantes sociales y de género, así como las características del barrio de residencia se vinculan con la hipertensión arterial (HTA). Objetivo: Examinar asociaciones de HTA por género en una población socio-segregada de la ciudad de Córdoba, año 2019. Método: Estudio epidemiológico observacional, cuantitativo, de corte transversal. Muestra aleatoria (n = 380) adultos usuarios de un hospital público. Se realizaron mediciones objetivas de tensión arterial y una entrevista sobre características sociodemográficas e indicadores de género. Se realizaron análisis, bivariado y multivariado: modelos regresión logística simple y múltiple; estratificados por género. Resultados: Identificamos determinantes sociales cómo el género asociadas con la HTA; así las mujeres quienes dedicaron mayor tiempo al trabajo no remunerado tuvieron mayores probabilidades de presentar HTA (OR 1,01; IC 95% 1,00- 1,02). Aunque en nuestro estudio la HTA fue mayor en hombres (53,43% vs 36,51% en mujeres); la presentación de HTA en mujeres se asoció a roles de género. La HTA en este espacio segregado fue superior a la prevalencia nacional. Conclusión: HTA varía según el nivel socioeconómico, género, nivel de privación social del barrio (AU)

Introduction: Social and gender determinants, as well as the characteristics of the neighborhood of residence are linked to hypertension (HT). Objective: To examine associations of HT by gender in a socio-segregated population of the city of Córdoba, year 2019. Method:Cross-sectional, quantitative, observational epidemiological study. Random sample (n = 380) adult users of a public hospital. Objective measurements of blood pressure and an interview on sociodemographic characteristics and gender indicators were carried out. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed: simple and multiple logistic regression models; stratified by gender. Results: We identified social determinants such as gender associated with hypertension, women who dedicated more time to unpaid work were more likely to present hypertension (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00-1.02). Although in our study, HT was higher in men (53.43% vs 36.51% in women); unlike men, the presentation of HT in women was associated with gender roles. HT in this segregated socio-space was higher than the national prevalence. Conclusion: HT varies according to the socioeconomic level, gender, level of social deprivation of the neighborhood (AU)

Coping with an Evil World: Contextualizing the Stress-Buffering Role of Scripture Reading.

This research note advances the religious coping literature by testing whether belief in an evil world conditions the stress-moderating role of scripture reading. Hypotheses are tested with original data from a survey of Black, Hispanic, and White American churchgoers from South Texas (2017-2018; n = 1,115). Our findings show that reading scripture for insights into the future attenuates the positive association between major life events and psychological distress, but only for congregants who do not believe the world is fundamentally evil and sinful. For congregants who believe the world is evil, scripture reading amplifies the association between life events and distress. Whether scriptural coping is beneficial for mental health could be contingent on a believer's broader assumptions about the nature of the world we live in.

Sleep quality among college students: exploring the role of a divine locus of sleep control.

OBJECTIVES: To explore (a) how perceptions of personal and divine control over one's sleep schedule combine in distinct ways to predict sleep quality among college students and (b) whether health behaviors and psychological distress mediate the associations between perceptions of sleep control and sleep quality. METHODS: We surveyed 1251 students attending a public university in South Texas. All measures were derived from self-reports. Binary logistic regression techniques were used to predict the odds of reporting high-quality sleep in the past month. Mediation analyses were used to decompose the estimated effects of perceptions of sleep control on sleep quality via smoking, drinking, and psychological distress. RESULTS: Compared to participants who reported both low personal control and low divine control over their sleep schedules, students who reported both high personal control and high divine control exhibited 148% greater odds of reporting high-quality sleep (odds ratio = 2.48; 95% confidence interval = 1.434-4.294). These same participants also showed the highest predicted probabilities of reporting high-quality sleep (22%) compared to students with other sleep control orientations. Mediation analyses indicated that reduced psychological distress partially accounted for these differences, whereas smoking and drinking behaviors did not. CONCLUSION: College students who felt they and God both shared full control over their sleep schedules reported the highest quality sleep, which was partially explained by their lower average levels of psychological distress.

Evolución del embarazo en adolescentes y distribución de sus determinantes en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, periodo 2015-2018 / Teenage pregnancy evolution and distribution of its determinants in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, 2015-2018 period

Este trabajo describe la tendencia del embarazo en adolescentes según determinantes sociales individuales y contextuales en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, para el periodo 2015 a 2018. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo bietapico. Inició con un estudio ecológico de grupos múltiples, considerando 99 áreas programáticas sanitarias de la ciudad. Luego uno observacional, incluyendo 6171 mujeres menores de 20 años que tuvieron hijos/as durante 2015-2018. Se observó una tendencia decreciente en la proporción de embarazos en adolescentes: 11,52% (2015) a 8,19% (2018), y de la Tasa de Fecundidad Adolescente (TEFA): 46,3‰ (2015) a 28,2‰ (2018). La TEFA resultó mayor en áreas con hogares con NBI superior a la mediana (p<0,05), siendo su geolocalización concentrada mayormente en las periferias de la ciudad. Fue superior la proporción de madres adolescentes sin cobertura de seguro de salud que con cobertura (p<0,05). La proporción de embarazos de adolescentes entre 18 y 19 años fue superior entre quienes presentaban secundario incompleto o menos (p<0,05). La sostenida reducción del embarazo en adolescentes, aquí objetivada, no debiera traducirse en una desatención a esta problemática, sino por el contrario profundizarse las acciones tendientes a sostener esta tendencia, atendiendo especialmente a grupos de mayor vulnerabilidad social (AU)

This paper describes the trend of teenage pregnancy according to individual and contextual social determinants in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, for the period 2015-2018. A descriptive sequential two-stage study was carried out. First, an ecological study of multiple groups, including the 99 'programmatic health areas´ of the city was developed. Then, an observational study including 6171 women under 20 years who had children between 2015-2018. A decreasing trend in the proportion of teenage pregnancies was observed: 11.52% (2015) to 8.19% (2018), and in the Adolescent Fertility Rate (TEFA): 46.3‰ (2015) to 28,2‰ (2018). TEFA was greater in areas with higher proportion of households with unsatisfied basic needs (NBI) (p <0.05), and these areas were mostly located at the city peripheries. The proportion of teenage mothers was higher among those with health coverage (p <0.05). The proportion of mothers of 18 and 19 years was higher among those who has incomplete secondary educational level or less or less (p <0.05). The sustained reduction of pregnancy in adolescents should not translate into a neglect of this problem, but instead into a deepen of the actions tending to sustain this trend, focusing special attention in groups of greater social vulnerability (AU)

Formación elegida por médicos que aprobaron el examen único de residencias y no accedieron al cargo / Training chosen by physicians who passed the single examination for medical residency and did not occupy the position

INTRODUCCIÓN: se observa una tendencia creciente a no cubrir los cargos de residencias médicas ofrecidas en el Examen Único (EU) del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación para ciertas especialidades y regiones del país. Se desconocen las opcionesformativas que adoptan quienes deciden no acceder al cargo. OBJETIVOS: Indagar y describir las alternativas de formación elegidaspor médicos que, tras haber aprobado el EU en 2013, no asumen un cargo y determinar sus motivaciones, expectativas y representacionesen torno a la formación en residencias. MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio cuanti-cualitativo. Inicialmente se efectuó un estudio de corte transversal, aplicando un cuestionario cerrado a una muestraintencional integrada por postulantes de las provincias de Santa Fe, Neuquén, Salta y San Juan. Luego se realizó un estudio cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, que abordaron los motivos de la decisión. RESULTADOS: Las razones que llevaron a rechazar el cargo fueron una opción formativa diferente a la obtenida en el EU (58%), así como otras expectativas respecto del estilo de vida (28%) y sobre la calidad de la formación y la salida laboral (14%). Al elegir el lugar para formarse, priorizaron el prestigio de la institución y la cercanía con sus vínculos afectivos. CONCLUSIONES: La residencia es la opción preferida para la especialización médica. Dada laoferta suficiente de cargos, el desafío radica en hacer confluir las expectativas personales con las necesidades sanitarias.

INTRODUCTION: there is an increasing trend not to accept the medical residency positions offered by the Single Examination of the Argentine Ministry of Health for certain specialtiesand regions of the country. It is unknown which training options arechosen by those who do not accept such positions. OBJECTIVES: To recognize the alternatives of training chosen by physicians who, after having passed the Single Examination in 2013, decided not to accept the position, determining their motivations, expectations and representations regarding residency training. METHODS: A qualitative-quantitative design was used. Initially, a cross-sectional study was performed, applying a closed questionnaire to anintentional sample composed by applicants from the provinces of Santa Fe, Neuquén, Salta and San Juan. That was followed by a qualitative study through semi-structured interviews, which looked at the reasons of the decision. RESULTS: The positions were rejected due to: training option different from the one obtained by the Single Examination (58%) as well as other expectations regarding lifestyle(28%) and quality of training and job prospects (14%). The training place was chosen considering, above all, the institutional reputation and being close to beloved people. CONCLUSIONS: The medical residency is the preferred option for medical specialization. Giventhat enough jobs are offered, the challenge is how to bring togetherpersonal expectations and sanitary needs.

Association of vaccination coverage with sociodemographic factors in workers of primary health care centers of Cordoba, Argentina.

INTRODUCTION: The activities performed by the health personnel have specific occupational risks making it more susceptible to get infectious diseases. Therefore, all healthcare workers must be properly immunized against vaccinepreventable diseases. AIMS: Assessing the proportion of healthcare workers from the public subsector who are vaccinated and relating the sociodemographic factors with the proportion of the Meningitis vaccination condition of the workers from the primary care level of the city of Córdoba Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 157 workers of the municipal district of Cordoba. A self-administered survey was conducted and univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. For the evaluation of factors related with the vaccination a Chi-Square Test was implemented. RESULTS: The measures of immunization coverage found were: hepatitis B vaccine 67,5%, anti flu vaccine 66,25%, trabadouble bacterial vaccine 60,51% and triple or double viral vaccine 50,32%. The overall analysis showed higher levels of coverage among those workers with a higher level of education and less seniority. This was also evident among the youngest and the physicians. With important differences depending on the educational level for hepatitis B vaccine, for triple or double viral among the youngest workers and double bacterial for those with less seniority. CONCLUSION: The health personnel studied on this research has a vaccination status that is lower than that of the internationally recommended vaccination status. Although, this status is similar to the one reported in several countries it shows that the under-coverage of vaccination among these workers is an extended problem which must be prioritized by health authorities; given the implications for the health of workers and the population these workers assist.

True Believers? Religion, Physiology, and Perceived Body Weight in Texas.

This paper examines relationships between body weight, religion, and gender while controlling for relevant covariates and body mass index (BMI), a measure of physical/biological body type. Using data from the 2004 Survey of Texas Adults (n = 1,504), we present results of ordered logistic regression models which indicate that religious factors work distinctly for men and women when controlling for BMI. While church attendance is associated with lower odds of overweight perceptions among women, it is religious salience that is associated with lower odds of self-reported excess weight in men. Implications for research which associates religious and physiological factors are discussed.

Riesgos psicosociales en el equipo de salud de hospitales públicos de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina / Psychosocial risks in the health team public hospitals in the province of Córdoba, Argentina

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el nivel de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo de los integrantes de los equipos de salud de hospitales dependientes del Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Córdoba. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, sobre 844 trabajadores del equipo de salud pertenecientes a 23 hospitales públicos, seleccionados mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error muestral del 5%. Se aplicó el instrumento SUSESO ISTAS-21, versión corta de la Superintendencia de Seguridad Social (SUSESO) del Gobierno de Chile. Se determinó que los riesgos psicosociales en situación más desfavorables (riesgo Alto) se correspondieron con las dimensiones: Exigencias psicológicas (57,7%), Apoyo social y calidad de liderazgo (56,2%) y Doble presencia (64%). El riesgo Medio predominó en la dimensión Compensaciones (39%) y el riesgo Bajo resultó más frecuente en la dimensión Trabajo activo y desarrollo de habilidades (42,9%). Se concluye que este personal sanitario presenta una elevada frecuencia de exposición a riesgos psicosociales en el ámbito laboral, lo que genera la necesidad de indagar sobre los factores condicionantes de estos riesgos y establecer acciones de promoción de ambientes de trabajo más saludables.

The objective of this research was to determine the level of psychosocial risk in the work of the members of health teams hospitals of the Ministry of Health of the Province of Córdoba. It was designed a descriptive cross-sectional study, about 844 workers of the health team from 23 public hospitals, selected using simple random probability sampling, with a confidence level of 95% and a sampling error of 5%. The instrument SUSESO ISTS-21, short version of the Superintendence of Social Security (SUSESO, in Spanish acronym) of the Chilean Government was applied. It was determined that psychosocial risks within more unfavorable situation (High risk) were matched with dimensions: Psychological Requirements (57,7%), social support and quality of leadership (56.2%) and Double presence (64%). The middle risk dominated the Compensation dimension (39%) and Low risk was more frequent in the active job and skill development dimension (42,9%). We conclude that the medical staff has a high frequency of exposure to psychosocial risks in the workplace, creating the need to investigate the determinants of these risks and establish measures to promote healthier work environments.

Condiciones de trabajo del equipo de salud en centros de atención primaria desde la perspectiva del trabajo decente / Working Conditions of Health Personnel in Primary Care Centers from the Perspective of Decent Work

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las Condiciones y Medio Ambiente de Trabajo (CyMAT) han sido reconocidas como un determinante del proceso de salud-enfermedad en los trabajadores sanitarios y cuando estas son inadecuadas, repercuten negativamente en su propia salud y en la calidad de atención brindada. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar las CyMAT de los equipos de salud de atención primaria en la ciudad de Córdoba y analizar las categorías a) jornada laboral y b) estabilidad y seguridad en el empleo desde la perspectiva del trabajo decente. MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio exploratorio de corte transversal y se aplicó un cuestionario ya validado. Se obtuvo una muestra por conglomerados estratificada por zona sanitaria, que incluyó a 188 trabajadores de atención primaria de Córdoba escogidos por sorteo. RESULTADOS: Las condiciones de contratación son generalmente adecuadas. El 77% de los encuestados es de planta permanente, tiene estabilidad laboral y protección social, aunque el resto recibe un menor salario y no posee estabilidad, lo que genera inequidades entre el personal. El pluriempleo está presente en el 28% de los casos, y el 38% de las personas trabaja más de 48 horas semanales, sobrepasando el límite de la Jornada Laboral Decente. CONCLUSIONES: El conocimiento adecuado de las CyMAT resulta esencial en el contexto de una política que asume la estrategia de la atención primaria como base de su sistema de salud. Los hallazgos de este estudio son útiles para fundamentar el diseño de programas de mejora de las CyMAT en el primer nivel de atención

INTRODUCTION: The Conditions and Environment of Work (C&EW) have been recognized as a determinant of health-disease process in health workers and when these are inadequate, adversely affect the health of workers and quality of care provided. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the C&EW of primary health care centers and to analyze a) working time and b) job stability and security from the perspective of decent work. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was designed, with an already validated survey. There was a cluster sampling stratified by health area, with 188 workers belonging to primary care centers of Córdoba and selected at random. RESULTS: In general, employment conditions are appropriate: 77% of the respondents are part of the permanent staff and have stability and social protection, while the rest receives lower pay and lacks stability, which leads to inequities among staff. 28% of the workers have more than one job and 38% work more than 48 hours per week, exceeding the limit of “decent working time”. CONCLUSIONS: The adequate know ledge of C&EW is essential for a policy that assumes primary care strategy as the basis for its health system. The findings of this study are useful to design programs improving C&EW in primary care

La violencia ocupacional en centros de atención primaria de la salud / Workplace violence in primary care

La violencia laboral es un fenómeno creciente en el sectorsalud que se manifiesta en diversas formas: acoso, agresiónfísica, sexual y psicológica. En centros de atención primariaeste problema ha sido menos estudiado que en hospitales.El objetivo fue determinar la presencia de situaciones deviolencia laboral a la que están expuestos trabajadores deatención primaria de la ciudad de Córdoba. Se diseñó unestudio exploratorio de corte transversal. La muestra fue de183 trabajadores, escogidos aleatoriamente. Se aplicó uncuestionario autoadministrado. Los encuestados reconocieronsituaciones de violencia en un 64,1%. Los gritos (65,1%) ylos insultos (55,1%) fueron las principales manifestaciones.Los agresores externos identificados más frecuentementeson los familiares y/o acompañantes de pacientes (80,1%) ycomo agresores internos los trabajadores con mayor jerarquía(46,4%). Se concluye que los trabajadores de atenciónprimaria reconocen frecuentemente la presencia de violencialaboral, siendo las más percibidas las de tipo psicológico

Religion and attitudes toward same-sex marriage among U.S. Latinos.

Objectives. This study examines links between multiple aspects of religious involvement and attitudes toward same-sex marriage among U.S. Latinos. The primary focus is on variations by affiliation and participation, but the possible mediating roles of biblical beliefs, clergy cues, and the role of religion in shaping political views are also considered.Methods. We use binary logistic regression models to analyze data from a large nationwide sample of U.S. Latinos conducted by the Pew Hispanic Forum in late 2006.Results. Findings highlight the strong opposition to same-sex marriage among Latino evangelical (or conservative) Protestants and members of sectarian groups (e.g., LDS), even compared with devout Catholics. Although each of the hypothesized mediators is significantly linked with attitudes toward same-sex marriage, for the most part controlling for them does not alter the massive affiliation/attendance differences in attitudes toward same-sex marriage.Conclusions. This study illustrates the importance of religious cleavages in public opinion on social issues within the diverse U.S. Latino population. The significance of religious variations in Hispanic civic life is likely to increase with the growth of the Latino population and the rising numbers of Protestants and sectarians among Latinos.

[Socio-demographic and psychopathological analysis of child and adolescent attempted suicides]. / Análisis sociodemográfico y psicopatológico en intentos de suicidio infantojuveniles.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze socio-demographic and psychopathological factors affecting attempted suicides by youths admitted to the Hospital de Niños de Córdoba (Argentina). METHODS: prospective study based on clinical interviews and tests conducted on 80% of the patients admitted to the hospital in 2006. The significance level established for statistical comparisons was 0.05. RESULTS: 70% of the patient were female and 30% were male, the latter having a lower mean age than the female group (p0.001). The most common type of autoagression was the ingestion of medicines (87%). The most significant precedents in the psychopatological histories were: previous attempted suicides and conduct disorders (p0.002); 79% of them were not under treatment. Diagnoses at the moment of admission were: Mood Disorder (74%) and Disocial Disorder (74%). CONCLUSIONS: the main characteristics of this group are previous attempted suicides and psychopathological conditions which could have been diagnosed and treated previously.

Analisis sociodemográfico y psicopatológico en intentos de suicidio infantojuveniles / Socio-demographic and psychopathological analysis of child and adolescent attempted suicides

Objetivo: analizar los factores sociodemográficos y psicopatológicos de los jóvenes con intentos de suicidio internados en el Hospital de Niños de Córdoba. Métodos: estudio prospectivo, en base a entrevistas clínicas y test en el 80 de los pacientes hospitalizados en el año 2006. Para las comparaciones estadísticas se fijó un nivel de significación de 0,05. Resultados: El 70 eran de sexo femenino y el 30 masculino, con una media de edad menor que en el grupo femenino (p<0,001). El método de autoagresión más utilizado fue la ingestión de fármacos (87). Los antecedentes psicopatológicos más relevantes fueron: intento de suicidio previos y Trastornos de Conducta (p<0,002). El 79 de ellos no estaba en tratamiento. Los diagnósticos en su hospitalización fueron: Trastorno del Ánimo (74) Y Trastorno Disocial (32). Conclusiones: este grupo se caracteriza por la presencia de intentos de suicidio previo y cuadros psicopatológicos sin diagnóstico y tratamiento que podrían ser detectados y tratados oportunamente.

Objective: to analyze socio-demographic and psychopathological factors affecting attempted suicides by youths admitted to the Hospital de Niños de Córdoba (Argentina). Methods: prospective study based on clinical interviews and tests conducted on 80 of the patients admitted to the hospital in 2006. The significance level established for statistical comparisons was O,05. Results: 70 of the patient were female and 30 were male, the latter having a lower mean age than the female group (p<0,001). The most common type of autoagression was the ingestion of medicines (87). The most significant precedents in the psychopathological histories were: previous attempted suicides and conduct disorders (p<0.002); 79 of them were not under treatment. Diagnoses at the moment of admission were: Mood Disorder (74) and Disocial Disorder (74). Conclusions: the main characteristics of this group are previous attempted suicides and psychopathological conditions which could have been diagnosed and treated previously.

[Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases: a study over the morbility prevalence]. / Epidemiología de las enfermedades reumáticas: estudio sobre la morbilidad percibida.

The Rheumatic Diseases are a problems of public health than greater attention they require of the sanitary authorities of many countries. The absence in Córdoba Argentina, of investigations to know the magnitude of this problem, they motivated this work. The objective of this work it was to know the frequency with which these illnesses they are perceived for the population in Córdoba, Argentina. Was made a probabilistic sampling, with a size of sample of 429 individuals, with a level of 95% confidence. It is concluded that the rheumatic affections constitute a suffering perceived for more than the half of the population over 20 years, with a predominance in the women. The osteoarthrosis is a most common condition the defined rheumatic disease, whereas in the group of the inespecifics rheumatic disorders the pain of neck was that of greater prevalence.

Epidemiología de las enfermedades reumáticas: estudio sobre la morbilidad percibida / Epidemiology of Rheumatic Diseases: a study over the morbility prevalence

Las Enfermedades Reumáticas constituyen uno de los problemas de salud pública que mayor atención requieren de las autoridades sanitarias de muchos países. La ausencia en nuestro medio de investigaciones que posibiliten conocer la magnitud de esta problemática sanitaria. motivaron la realización del presente trabajo de investigación. El propósito del estudio fue conocer la frecuencia con que estas afecciones son percibidas por la población residente en la ciudad de Córdoba. Argentina. Se diseñó una investigación descriptiva. transversal. mediante el método de encuesta poblacional a 429 individuos residentes en la ciudad de Córdoba. mayores de 20 años de edad. que fueron seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico. con un nivel de confianza de 95%. El cuestionario fue diseñado especialmente para esta investigación y las entrevistas realizadas por personal previamente capacitado en el manejo de dicho cuestionario. Se concluye que las afecciones reumáticas constituyen un padecimiento percibido por más de la mitad de la población mayor de 20 años. con un predominio franco en el sexo femenino en relación al masculino. La artrosis es la enfermedad reumática definida más frecuente. en tanto que en el grupo de las afecciones reumáticas inespecíficas las cervicalgias fueron las más prevalentes.

Rheumatic Diseases are a problems of public health than greater attention they require of the sanitary authorities of many countries. The absence in Córdoba Argentina. of investigations to know the magnitude of this problem. they motivated this work. The objective of this work it was to know the frequency with which these illnesses they are perceived for the population in Córdoba. Argentina. Was wade a probabilistic sampling. with a size of sample of 429 individuals. with a level of 95% confidence. It is concluded that the rheumatic affections constitute a suffering perceived for more than the half of the population over 20 years. with a predominance in the women. The osteoarthrosis is a most common condition the defined rheumatic disease.' whereas in the group of the inespecifics rheumatic disorders the pain of neck was that of greater prevalence.