Centering students' voices in the exploration of in-classroom culturally responsive practices.

Scholars have developed culturally responsive frameworks and interventions to support educators as they aim to create inclusive and equitable classroom environments. Despite the number of frameworks on the topic, research on culturally responsive practices (CRPs) is limited by the lack of clear definitions or evidence on the effectiveness of in-classroom culturally responsive interventions. With the aim to understand which characteristics are important for in-classroom CRPs, this qualitative study explored students' perceptions of practices teachers use to respond to students' learning and cultural identities. We conducted 23 focus groups with 103 Black, Latine, and White students in middle and high school from two midwestern schools. After analyzing the data, we identified four overarching themes: (a) inclusive classroom instruction, (b) emotional safety in the classroom, (c) relational quality with the teachers, and (d) racism and other "isms" in the classroom. Students consistently commented on the importance of teacher support for students' emotional and academic well-being while also describing teachers that demeaned them or their peers, in turn, obstructing their learning. The findings hold promise to clarify and strengthen professional development CRP interventions as students offer insight about teacher cultural responsiveness and non-responsiveness.

"Let's talk about it": Black youths' perceptions on the development of a school-based social media campaign.

The increase in social media mental health (MH) campaigns provides an opportunity to improve awareness and attitudes toward MH. However, racial disparities remain in these social media campaigns. Black youth who participated in MH social media campaigns reported lower levels of improvement in stigma and help-seeking than their White peers. We employed a youth participatory action research (YPAR) process to expand on a previous community-wide MH social media campaign (A. Thompson et al., 2021), focusing on a Central Midwest community. We studied Black adolescents' perceptions of MH stigma and help-seeking to determine essential features of a culturally responsive MH social media campaign for Black youth. With a lead youth-research collaborator, the research team designed the following two-staged study. The first stage consisted of four semistructured focus group interviews (FGIs) (N = 20), analyzed by using a rapid analysis strategy to obtain results for the development of the campaign. In the second stage, using YPAR's iterative and action-based process, five youth researchers collaborated with the research team on the campaign's design. Following the two stages, the researcher's thematic analysis resulted in three themes: (a) broadening horizons for campaign designers and MH professionals; (b) considering mistrust of schools and school personnel; and (c) diverse experiences, sustainability, and accessibility in a campaign. Findings indicated that while culturally responsive social media campaigns to promote MH can be designed, mistrust of adults in schools is likely to hinder the impact of such campaigns. Implications for school psychology practice and research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Single-item principal stress and coping measures: Concurrent and predictive validity and comparisons to teacher measures.

The present study analyzed concurrent and predictive validity of single-item scales for assessing principal stress and coping. We examined concurrent and prospective relations among stress and coping single-items with principal job satisfaction, overall health, perceptions of school safety, and principal leadership self-efficacy. We also compared principals and teachers on their stress and coping levels using the same single-item scales. Consistent with the literature on teacher stress and coping, the correlations of principal coping with different outcomes-job satisfaction, overall health, leadership efficacy, and safety perceptions-were stronger in comparison to the correlations between principal stress and those same outcomes. In regression models with both stress and coping, only principal coping predicted concurrent and future principal job satisfaction and overall health, as well as change in those outcomes. Coping also predicted concurrent but not future perceptions of school safety. Stress and coping did not consistently predict concurrent or future measures of leadership self-efficacy. Last, we found that principals reported even higher levels of stress than the well-documented high levels reported by teachers. We discuss areas for further research and potential use of these measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the IgA seroprevalence in COVID-19 patients: Is there a role for IgA in COVID-19 diagnosis or severity?

Nowadays, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the most important health problems. The dynamics and nature of humoral responses are relevant to determine the efficacy of both, diagnostic tests and developed vaccines. Since the role of IgA in the COVID-19 disease is not fully understood, we have systematically reviewed the scientific literature on antibody IgA immunity to SARS-CoV-2 to determine if IgA could be useful as a diagnostic tool or as a biomarker of severity. We systematically reviewed 736 abstracts and identified 38 manuscripts relevant to include in the meta-analysis. The seroprevalence of IgA in SARS-CoV-2 PCR (+) confirmed patients was 86.47% (CI: 5.27-178.21). Furthermore, we found out that IgA can be produced on the first days of infection (10 days) and IgA is detected until 75 days after symptomatic onset in some studies. We also observe that IgA production is stronger in severe patients compared with mild or asymptomatic patients. Our research noticed a possible association between IgA and protection; however, the possible role of IgA as a biomarker of protection or severity remains unclear.

Algorithmic extraction of smartphone accelerometer-derived mechano-biological descriptors of resistance exercise is robust to changes in intensity and velocity.

BACKGROUND: It was shown that single repetition, contraction-phase specific and total time-under-tension (TUT) can be extracted reliably and validly from smartphone accelerometer-derived data of resistance exercise machines using user-determined resistance exercise velocities at 60% one repetition maximum (1-RM). However, it remained unclear how robust the extraction of these mechano-biological descriptors is over a wide range of movement velocities (slow- versus fast-movement velocity) and intensities (30% 1-RM versus 80% 1-RM) that reflect the interindividual variability during resistance exercise. OBJECTIVE: In this work, we examined whether the manipulation of velocity or intensity would disrupt an algorithmic extraction of single repetitions, contraction-phase specific and total TUT. METHODS: Twenty-seven participants performed four sets of three repetitions of their 30% and 80% 1-RM with velocities of 1 s, 2 s, 6 s and 8 s per repetition, respectively. An algorithm extracted the number of repetitions, single repetition, contraction-phase specific and total TUT. All exercises were video-recorded. The video recordings served as the gold standard to which algorithmically-derived TUT was compared. The agreement between the methods was examined using Limits of Agreement (LoA). The Pearson correlation coefficients were used to calculate the association, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2.1) examined the interrater reliability. RESULTS: The calculated error rate for the algorithmic detection of the number of single repetitions derived from two smartphones accelerometers was 1.9%. The comparison between algorithmically-derived, contraction-phase specific TUT against video, revealed a high degree of correlation (r > 0.94) for both exercise machines. The agreement between the two methods was high on both exercise machines, intensities and velocities and was as follows: LoA ranged from -0.21 to 0.22 seconds for single repetition TUT (2.57% of mean TUT), from -0.24 to 0.22 seconds for concentric contraction TUT (6.25% of mean TUT), from -0.22 to 0.24 seconds for eccentric contraction TUT (5.52% of mean TUT) and from -1.97 to 1.00 seconds for total TUT (5.13% of mean TUT). Interrater reliability for single repetition, contraction-phase specific TUT was high (ICC > 0.99). CONCLUSION: Neither intensity nor velocity disrupts the proposed algorithmic data extraction approach. Therefore, smartphone accelerometers can be used to extract scientific mechano-biological descriptors of dynamic resistance exercise with intensities ranging from 30% to 80% of the 1-RM with velocities ranging from 1 s to 8 s per repetition, respectively, thus making this simple method a reliable tool for resistance exercise mechano-biological descriptors extraction.

May the Force and Mass Be With You-Evidence-Based Contribution of Mechano-Biological Descriptors of Resistance Exercise.

Skeletal muscle is one of the most important tissues of the human body. It comprises up to 40% of the body mass and is crucial to survival. Hence, the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and strength is pivotal. It is well-established that resistance exercise provides a potent anabolic stimulus to increase muscle mass and strength in men and women of all ages. Resistance exercise consists of mechano-biological descriptors, such as load, muscle action, number of repetitions, repetition duration, number of sets, rest interval between sets, frequency, volitional muscular failure, and range of motion, which can be manipulated. Herein, we discuss the evidence-based contribution of these mechano-biological descriptors to muscle mass and strength.

Using smartphone accelerometer data to obtain scientific mechanical-biological descriptors of resistance exercise training.

BACKGROUND: Single repetition, contraction-phase specific and total time-under-tension (TUT) are crucial mechano-biological descriptors associated with distinct morphological, molecular and metabolic muscular adaptations in response to exercise, rehabilitation and/or fighting sarcopenia. However, to date, no simple, reliable and valid method has been developed to measure these descriptors. OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to test whether accelerometer data obtained from a standard smartphone placed on the weight stack can be used to extract single repetition, contraction-phase specific and total TUT. METHODS: Twenty-two participants performed two sets of ten repetitions of their 60% one repetition maximum with a self-paced velocity on nine commonly used resistance exercise machines. Two identical smartphones were attached on the resistance exercise weight stacks and recorded all user-exerted accelerations. An algorithm extracted the number of repetitions, single repetition, contraction-phase specific and total TUT. All exercises were video-recorded. The TUT determined from the algorithmically-derived mechano-biological descriptors was compared with the video recordings that served as the gold standard. The agreement between the methods was examined using Limits of Agreement (LoA). The association was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficients and interrater reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2.1). RESULTS: The error rate of the algorithmic detection of single repetitions derived from two smartphones accelerometers was 0.16%. Comparing algorithmically-derived, contraction-phase specific TUT against video, showed a high degree of correlation (r>0.93) for all exercise machines. Agreement between the two methods was high on all exercise machines as follows: LoA ranged from -0.3 to 0.3 seconds for single repetition TUT (0.1% of mean TUT), from -0.6 to 0.3 seconds for concentric contraction TUT (7.1% of mean TUT), from -0.3 to 0.5 seconds for eccentric contraction TUT (4.1% of mean TUT) and from -1.9 to 1.1 seconds for total TUT (0.5% of mean TUT). Interrater reliability for single repetition, contraction-phase specific TUT was high (ICC > 0.99). CONCLUSION: Data from smartphone accelerometer derived resistance exercise can be used to validly and reliably extract crucial mechano-biological descriptors. Moreover, the presented multi-analytical algorithmic approach enables researchers and clinicians to reliably and validly report missing mechano-biological descriptors.

Resistance training preserves high-intensity interval training induced improvements in skeletal muscle capillarization of healthy old men: a randomized controlled trial.

Skeletal muscle capillarization is a determining factor in gas and metabolite exchange, while its impairments may contribute to the development of sarcopenia. Studies on the potential of resistance training (RT) to induce angiogenesis in older muscles have been inconclusive, and effects of sequential endurance training (ET) and RT on capillarization are unknown. Healthy older men (66.5 ± 3.8 years) were engaged in either 12 weeks of habitual course observation (HC) followed by 12 weeks of RT (n = 8), or 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) followed by 12 weeks of RT (n = 9). At baseline, following 12 and 24 weeks, m. vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained. (Immuno-)histochemistry was used to assess indices of muscle fiber capillarization, muscle fiber morphology and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Single periods of RT and HIIT resulted in similar improvements in capillarization and SDH activity. During RT following HIIT, improved capillarization and SDH activity, as well as muscle fiber morphology remained unchanged. The applied RT and HIIT protocols were thus similarly effective in enhancing capillarization and oxidative enzyme activity and RT effectively preserved HIIT-induced adaptations of these parameters. Hence, both, RT and HIIT, are valid training modalities for older men to improve skeletal muscle vascularization.

Satellite cell content in Huntington's disease patients in response to endurance training.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle wasting is a hallmark of Huntington's disease (HD). However, data on myocellular characteristics and myofiber remodeling in HD patients are scarce. We aimed at gaining insights into myocellular characteristics of HD patients as compared to healthy controls at rest and after a period of increased skeletal muscle turnover. METHODS: Myosin heavy chain (MyHC)-specific cross-sectional area, satellite cell content, myonuclear number, myonuclear domain, and muscle fiber type distribution were determined from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies at rest and after 26 weeks of endurance training in HD patients and healthy controls. RESULTS: At the beginning of the study, there were no differences in myocellular characteristics between HD patients and healthy controls. Satellite cell content per MyHC-1 fiber (P = 0.014) and per MyHC-1 myonucleus (P = 0.006) increased significantly in healthy controls during the endurance training intervention, whereas it remained constant in HD patients (P = 0.804 and P = 0.975 for satellite cell content per MyHC-1 fiber and myonucleus, respectively). All further variables were not altered during the training intervention in HD patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Similar skeletal muscle characteristics between HD patients and healthy controls at baseline suggested similar potential for myofiber remodeling in response to exercise. However, the missing satellite cell response in MyHC-1 myofibers following endurance training in HD patients points to a potential dysregulation in the exercise-induced activation and/or proliferation of satellite cells. In the longer-term, impaired myonuclear turnover might be associated with the clinical observation of skeletal muscle wasting.

Designing Hysteresis with Dipolar Chains.

Materials that have hysteretic response to an external field are essential in modern information storage and processing technologies. A myriad of magnetization curves of several natural and artificial materials have previously been measured and each has found a particular mechanism that accounts for it. However, a phenomenological model that captures all the hysteresis loops and at the same time provides a simple way to design the magnetic response of a material while remaining minimal is missing. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an elementary method to engineer hysteresis loops in metamaterials built out of dipolar chains. We show that by tuning the interactions of the system and its geometry we can shape the hysteresis loop which allows for the design of the softness of a magnetic material at will. Additionally, this mechanism allows for the control of the number of loops aimed to realize multiple-valued logic technologies. Our findings pave the way for the rational design of hysteretical responses in a variety of physical systems such as dipolar cold atoms, ferroelectrics, or artificial magnetic lattices, among others.

Increased calcium leak associated with reduced calsequestrin expression in hyperthyroid cardiomyocytes.

INTRODUCTION: Calcium (Ca2+) leak during cardiac diastole is chiefly mediated by intracellular Ca2+ channel/Ryanodine Receptors. Increased diastolic Ca2+ leak has been proposed as the mechanism underlying the appearance of hereditary arrhythmias. However, little is known about alterations in diastolic Ca2+ leak and the specific roles played by key intracellular Ca2+-handling proteins in hyperthyroidism, a known arrhythmogenic condition. AIM: We sought to determine whether there were modifications in diastolic Ca2+ leak, based on the recording of Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ waves; we also investigated changes in the expression and activity of key Ca2+ handling proteins, including ryanodine receptors, Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump and calsequestrin in isolated left-ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from hyperthyroid rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electrocardiography (ECG) recordings were performed in control and hyperthyroid rats. Ca2+ sparks, Ca2+ waves, and electrically-stimulated Ca2+ transients were recorded in Fluo-3-loaded cardiomyocytes from both experimental groups using confocal microscopy. In addition, left-ventricular homogenates and Ryanodine Receptor-enriched membrane fractions were prepared for assessing [3H]-ryanodine binding, hydrolytic ATPase activity of SERCA pump and expression levels of key proteins by Western blot, and cDNA for real-time qPCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Extrasystoles were observed in hearts of hyperthyroid rats by ECG recordings. Arrhythmogenic activity, high incidence of Ca2+ waves, and de novo Ca2+ wavelets -in the absence of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ overload- were recorded in these cardiomyocytes. The exacerbated diastolic Ca2+ leak and arrhythmogenic activities were related to a diminished expression of calsequestrin along with increased SERCA pump activity, which, in effect, promoted a gain-of-function in RyRs without alterations in SR Ca2+ load, RyR expression or its Ca2+ sensitivity.

One bout of vibration exercise with vascular occlusion activates satellite cells.

NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? Acute skeletal muscle satellite cell (SC) activation is associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Although the quantity of SCs has been reported to increase following a single bout of resistance exercise, data on muscle fibre type-specific SC quantity and/or activation status after a single bout of vibration is presently lacking. What is the main finding and its importance? By determining SCs from muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis using immunohistochemistry, we conclude that modification of vibration exercise by superimposition of occlusion induced activation and differentiation of SCs in young men, which had not been observed with whole-body vibration or blood flow restriction alone. We tested the hypothesis that whole-body vibration (WBV) is insufficient to expand satellite cell numbers 24 h postexercise, whereas WBV in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR) is sufficient. Twenty-five young men were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: WBV, BFR exercise or WBVBFR. Satellite cell numbers were determined from muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle using immunohistochemistry. Satellite cell quantity and frequency (+99.4%, P = 0.012 and +77.1%, P = 0.010, respectively) increased only in the WBVBFR group. Similar results were obtained for the quantity and frequency of myogenin-positive myonuclei (+139.0%, P < 0.001 and +148.4%, P < 0.001, respectively). We conclude that modification of WBV by superimposition of BFR induced activation and differentiation of satellite cells in young men, which had not been observed with WBV or BFR alone. These data suggest that WBVBFR might represent a novel viable anabolic stimulus.

High-intensity interval training with vibration as rest intervals attenuates fiber atrophy and prevents decreases in anaerobic performance.

UNLABELLED: Aerobic high-intensity interval training (HIT) improves cardiovascular capacity but may reduce the finite work capacity above critical power (W') and lead to atrophy of myosin heavy chain (MyHC)-2 fibers. Since whole-body vibration may enhance indices of anaerobic performance, we examined whether side-alternating whole-body vibration as a replacement for the active rest intervals during a 4 x 4 min HIT prevents decreases in anaerobic performance and capacity without compromising gains in aerobic function. Thirty-three young recreationally active men were randomly assigned to conduct either conventional 4 x 4 min HIT, HIT with 3 min of WBV at 18 Hz (HIT+VIB18) or 30 Hz (HIT+VIB30) in lieu of conventional rest intervals, or WBV at 30 Hz (VIB30). Pre and post training, critical power (CP), W', cellular muscle characteristics, as well as cardiovascular and neuromuscular variables were determined. W' (-14.3%, P = 0.013), maximal voluntary torque (-8.6%, P = 0.001), rate of force development (-10.5%, P = 0.018), maximal jumping power (-6.3%, P = 0.007) and cross-sectional areas of MyHC-2A fibers (-6.4%, P = 0.044) were reduced only after conventional HIT. CP, V̇O2peak, peak cardiac output, and overall capillary-to-fiber ratio were increased after HIT, HIT+VIB18, and HIT+VIB30 without differences between groups. HIT-specific reductions in anaerobic performance and capacity were prevented by replacing active rest intervals with side-alternating whole-body vibration, notably without compromising aerobic adaptations. Therefore, competitive cyclists (and potentially other endurance-oriented athletes) may benefit from replacing the active rest intervals during aerobic HIT with side-alternating whole-body vibration. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01875146.

Receptor de rianodina, fuga de calcio y arritmias / Ryanodine receptor, calcium leak and arrhythmias

La participación del canal de Ca2+/receptor de rianodina en el acoplamiento excitación-contracción cardiaco se conoce desde finales de los años ochenta, cuando en varios trabajos trascendentales se comunicó por primera vez su purificación y se encontró que correspondía a las estructuras conocidas como «pies¼ localizadas en las cisternas terminales del retículo sarcoplásmico. Adicionalmente a su papel como canal responsable del aumento global y transitorio de Ca2+ que activa a la maquinaria contráctil durante el ciclo cardiaco, el receptor de rianodina también libera Ca2+ durante la fase de relajación, dando lugar a la fuga de Ca2+ en la diástole que en condiciones fisiológicas regula el nivel de Ca2+ luminal, pero cuando se encuentra alterada participa en la generación de arritmias adquiridas o hereditarias. Recientemente, el esfuerzo de diversos grupos de investigación se ha enfocado en el desarrollo de herramientas farmacológicas para controlar la fuga diastólica de Ca2+ que se presenta alterada en algunas enfermedades cardiacas. En esta revisión nos enfocamos en describir la participación del receptor de rianodina cardiaco en la fuga diastólica de Ca2+ así como los diversos enfoques terapéuticos que se han implementado para controlar su actividad exacerbada en la diástole.

The participation of the ionic Ca2+ release channel/ryanodine receptor in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling is well known since the late '80s, when various seminal papers communicated its purification for the first time and its identity with the "foot" structures located at the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In addition to its main role as the Ca2+ channel responsible for the transient Ca2+ increase that activates the contractile machinery of the cardiomyocytes, the ryanodine receptor releases Ca2+ during the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, giving rise to a diastolic Ca2+ leak. In normal physiological conditions, diastolic Ca2+ leak regulates the proper level of luminal Ca2+, but in pathological conditions it participates in the generation of both, acquired and hereditary arrhythmias. Very recently, several groups have focused their efforts into the development of pharmacological tools to control the altered diastolic Ca2+ leak via ryanodine receptors. In this review, we focus our interest on describing the participation of cardiac ryanodine receptor in the diastolic Ca2+ leak under physiological or pathological conditions and also on the therapeutic approaches to control its undesired exacerbated activity during diastole.

[Ryanodine receptor, calcium leak and arrhythmias]. / Receptor de rianodina, fuga de calcio y arritmias.

The participation of the ionic Ca(2+) release channel/ryanodine receptor in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling is well known since the late '80s, when various seminal papers communicated its purification for the first time and its identity with the "foot" structures located at the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In addition to its main role as the Ca(2+) channel responsible for the transient Ca(2+) increase that activates the contractile machinery of the cardiomyocytes, the ryanodine receptor releases Ca(2+) during the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, giving rise to a diastolic Ca(2+) leak. In normal physiological conditions, diastolic Ca(2+) leak regulates the proper level of luminal Ca(2+), but in pathological conditions it participates in the generation of both, acquired and hereditary arrhythmias. Very recently, several groups have focused their efforts into the development of pharmacological tools to control the altered diastolic Ca(2+) leak via ryanodine receptors. In this review, we focus our interest on describing the participation of cardiac ryanodine receptor in the diastolic Ca(2+) leak under physiological or pathological conditions and also on the therapeutic approaches to control its undesired exacerbated activity during diastole.

Extracellular expression of glucose inhibition-resistant Cellulomonas flavigena PN-120 ß-glucosidase by a diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The catalytic fraction of the Cellulomonas flavigena PN-120 oligomeric ß-glucosidase (BGLA) was expressed both intra- and extracellularly in a recombinant diploid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, under limited nutrient conditions. The recombinant enzyme (BGLA¹5) expressed in the supernatant of a rich medium showed 582 IU/L and 99.4 IU/g dry cell, with p-nitrophenyl-ß-D-glucopyranoside as substrate. BGLA¹5 displayed activity against cello-oligosaccharides with 2-5 glucose monomers, demonstrating that the protein is not specific for cellobiose and that the oligomeric structure is not essential for ß-D-1,4-bond hydrolysis. Native ß-glucosidase is inhibited almost completely at 160 mM glucose, thus limiting cellobiose hydrolysis. At 200 mM glucose concentration, BGLA¹5 retained more than 50 % of its maximal activity, and even at 500 mM glucose concentration, more than 30 % of its activity was preserved. Due to these characteristics of BGLA¹5 activity, recombinant S. cerevisiae is able to utilize cellulosic materials (cello-oligosaccharides) to produce bioethanol.

High-load resistance exercise with superimposed vibration and vascular occlusion increases critical power, capillaries and lean mass in endurance-trained men.

PURPOSE: It is a widely accepted premise in the scientific community and by athletes alike, that adding resistance exercise to a regular regimen of endurance training increases endurance performance in endurance-trained men. However, critical power (CP), capillarization, and myofiber size remain unaffected by this addition. Therefore, we tested whether the superimposition of resistance exercise with whole-body vibration and vascular occlusion (vibroX) would improve these variables in endurance-trained males relative to resistance exercise alone. METHODS: Twenty-one young, endurance-trained males were randomly assigned either to a vibroX (n = 11) or resistance (n = 10) training group. Both groups trained in a progressive mode twice a week for 8 weeks. Pre and post training, histochemical muscle characteristics, thigh muscle size, endurance and strength parameters were determined. RESULTS: vibroX increased CP (P = 0.001), overall capillary-to-fiber ratio (P = 0.001) and thigh lean mass (P < 0.001), while these parameters were unaffected by resistance training. The gain in CP by vibroX was positively correlated with the gain in capillarization (R(2) = 0.605, P = 0.008), and the gain in thigh lean mass was paralleled by increases in MyHC-1 and MyHC-2 fiber cross-sectional areas and strength. Maximum voluntary torque and the finite work capacity above CP (W') increased significantly only following resistance training. CONCLUSIONS: We achieved a proof of concept by demonstrating that modification of resistance exercise by superimposing side-alternating whole-body vibration and sustained vascular occlusion induced further improvements in CP, capillarization and hypertrophy, all of which were not observed with resistance training alone.