Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Aminoquinolinas/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Hipopigmentação/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Imiquimode , Ceratose/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lesões por Radiação/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The use of three-dimensional T1 weighted gradient echo sequences such as the Dixon technique and the frequency-selective fat suppression (FS) technique is currently widely accepted method in MRI examinations of the liver. To assess the image qualities of the Dixon technique and the frequency-selective FS technique, the contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-to-liver and fat-to-liver were compared between the two techniques in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) following administration of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid. METHODS: MR images of 59 patients with a total of 86 HCCs were retrospectively evaluated. Images were consecutively obtained with the Dixon and frequency-selective FS methods in the HBP and their CNRs of HCC-to-liver and fat-to-liver were compared. CNRs and contrast ratios were calculated by the mean value of the liver parenchyma, HCC, fat and standard deviation of the liver parenchyma. The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The median CNRs for the frequency-selective FS and Dixon techniques of HCC-to-liver were 4.3 and 5.4 (p < 0.01), mesenteric fat-to-liver were 9.9 and 12.8 (p < 0.01) and subcutaneous fat-to-liver were 9.9 and 13.2 (p < 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: The Dixon technique yielded higher CNRs of HCC-to-liver than that of the frequency-selective FS technique. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: There are a limited number of reports on quantitative analysis of the image qualities of the Dixon technique and the frequency-selective FS technique, particularly within the same patient and examination.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tecido Adiposo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Meios de Contraste , Feminino , Gadolínio DTPA , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Psychological stress is known to have a negative effect on a large number of skin diseases. However, there is little research on the relationship between psychological stress and the epidermal permeability barrier function (EPBF) of healthy individuals. We hypothesize that psychological stress deteriorates EPBF and aimed to investigate this relationship. METHODS: Psychological stress was assessed using salivary alpha-amylase (sAmy; KIU L(-1) ), and chromogranin A level corrected with total protein (CgAP; pmol mg(-1) protein) as psychological stress biomarkers. Measurements were obtained from 16 healthy female students during two periods of presumed higher stress (final examinations and returning from a long vacation), and a period considered as a control. The EPBF level was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL; g m(-2) h(-1) ). The TEWL was measured three times: just before (TEWL [Intact]), immediately after (TEWL [Str]) and 4 h after (TEWL [4 h]) barrier disruption by tape stripping. The rate of barrier disruption was evaluated by comparing the difference between the TEWL [Intact] and the TEWL [Str] (delta-BD: g m(-2) h(-1) ). The recovery was assessed by comparing the difference between the TEWL [Intact] and TEWL [4 h] (delta-RE: g m(-2) h(-1) ). RESULTS: The subjects demonstrated a significant increase in the sAmy value after the long vacation compared with the control. There was no change in the CgAP value between the groups. Meanwhile, the EPBF level showed significant deterioration during both higher stress periods. There was a significant increase in delta-BD and delta-RE after the long vacation. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate the possibility that psychological stress causes a decline in EPBF and deterioration in barrier disruption and recovery. Furthermore, it implies a relationship between psychological stress and the exacerbation or protracted healing of skin disease.
Assuntos
Epiderme/fisiopatologia , Estresse Psicológico , HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the detectability of simulated interstitial pneumonia on chest radiographs between an irradiation side sampling indirect flat-panel detector (ISS-FPD) and computed radiography (CR). METHODS: Simulated interstitial pneumonia findings (ground-glass opacity, reticular opacity and honeycomb lung) were superimposed on an anthropomorphic chest phantom. Chest radiographs were acquired under three exposure levels (4.0, 3.2 and 2.0 mAs) with an ISS-FPD and with CR. 5 thoracic radiologists evaluated 72 images for the presence or absence of a lesion over each of 6 areas. A total of 1296 observations were analysed in a receiver-operating characteristic analysis. A jackknife method was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The areas under the curves (AUCs) for the detection of simulated honeycomb lung obtained with the ISS-FPD were significantly larger than those obtained with CR at all exposure conditions. For the detection of simulated ground-glass opacity and reticular opacity, there were no significant differences between the two systems. In addition, the AUCs for the detectability of simulated honeycomb lung obtained with the ISS-FPD at all exposure levels were significantly larger than those obtained with CR at 4 mAs. CONCLUSION: The ISS-FPD was superior to CR for the detection of simulated honeycomb lung. Provided that the chosen model is representative of interstitial pneumonia, the use of an ISS-FPD might reduce a patient's exposure dose during the detection of interstitial pneumonia. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The ISS-FPD has shown its advantage compared with CR in the detection of honeycombing, one sign of interstitial pneumonia.
Assuntos
Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Ecrans Intensificadores para Raios X , Humanos , Imagens de FantasmasAssuntos
Hematopoese , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/fisiologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Piridinas/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Quinase do Linfoma Anaplásico , Crizotinibe , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/fisiopatologia , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/análise , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It remains unclear whether glycemic fluctuation can affect plaque rupture in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here we investigate the impact of glucose fluctuation on plaque rupture, as observed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and monocyte subsets in patients with AMI. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 37 consecutive patients with AMI. All patients underwent OCT examination, which revealed 24 patients with plaque rupture and 13 patients without plaque rupture at the culprit site. Peripheral blood sampling was performed on admission. Three monocyte subsets (CD14(+)CD16(-), CD14(bright)CD16(+), and CD14(dim)CD16(+)) were assessed by flow cytometry. Glycemic variability, expressed as the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE), was determined by a continuous glucose monitoring system 7 days after the onset of AMI. MAGE was significantly higher in the rupture patients than in the non-rupture patients (P=0.036). Levels of CD14(bright)CD16(+) monocytes from the rupture patients were significantly higher than those from the non-rupture patients (P=0.042). Of interest, levels of CD14(bright)CD16(+) monocytes correlated positively and significantly with MAGE (r=0.39, P=0.02). CONCLUSION: Dynamic glucose fluctuation may be associated with coronary plaque rupture, possibly through the preferential increase in CD14(bright)CD16(+) monocyte levels.
Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Monócitos/citologia , Placa Aterosclerótica/sangue , Idoso , Angiografia Coronária , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/sangue , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Placa Aterosclerótica/patologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Tomografia de Coerência ÓpticaAssuntos
Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/diagnóstico , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Endossonografia/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Rituximab , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosAssuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/virologia , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório , Endossonografia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
MicroRNA-125b-1 (miR-125b-1) is a target of a chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q24;q32) recurrently found in human B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). This translocation results in overexpression of miR-125b controlled by immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) regulatory elements. In addition, we found that six out of twenty-one BCP-ALL patients without t(11;14)(q24;q32) showed overexpression of miR-125b. Interestingly, four out of nine patients with BCR/ABL-positive BCP-ALL and one patient with B-cell lymphoid crisis that had progressed from chronic myelogenous leukemia overexpressed miR-125b. To examine the role of the deregulated expression of miR-125b in the development of B-cell tumor in vivo, we generated transgenic mice mimicking the t(11;14)(q24;q32) (Eµ/miR-125b-TG mice). Eµ/miR-125b-TG mice overexpressed miR-125b driven by IGH enhancer and promoter and developed IgM-negative or IgM-positive lethal B-cell malignancies with clonal proliferation. B cells obtained from the Eµ/miR-125b-TG mice were resistant to apoptosis induced by serum starvation. We identified Trp53inp1, a pro-apoptotic gene induced by cell stress, as a novel target gene of miR-125b in hematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results provide direct evidence that miR-125b has important roles in the tumorigenesis of precursor B cells.
Assuntos
Cadeias mu de Imunoglobulina/genética , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/genética , Animais , Apoptose , Sequência de Bases , Southern Blotting , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14/genética , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Luciferases/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras B/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Translocação Genética/genéticaAssuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/patologia , Células T Matadoras Naturais/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Adulto , Biópsia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Genoma , Genoma Viral/genética , Humanos , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/virologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/virologiaAssuntos
Aterosclerose/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Aterosclerose/patologia , Doença das Coronárias/diagnóstico , Previsões , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Macrófagos/patologia , Stents , Trombose/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/instrumentaçãoAssuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lasers , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ruptura Espontânea/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/instrumentação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The adhesion of CD4+ T cells to endothelial cells and their subsequent migration to skin tissue are essential to develop the psoriatic skin lesion. However, few studies have examined the role of adhesion molecules in the binding of T cells from patients with chronic plaque psoriasis to endothelial cells in vitro; thus, the adhesion molecules responsible for the development of skin lesions are still unclear. OBJECTIVES: To identify the responsible adhesion molecules in the interaction between CD4+ T cells in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells. METHODS: An in vitro adhesion assay between Calcein-labelled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cytokine-stimulated human endothelial cultures, which exhibit a higher adhesion capacity to PBMC, was established, and the adhesion-inhibitory effects of a panel of antiadhesion molecule antibodies on the adhesion of PBMC from patients with psoriasis to endothelial cells were examined. Then, the inhibitory effects of selected antibodies acting on the interaction between CD4+ T cells from patients with psoriasis (purified by negative magnetic cell sorting) and cultured endothelial cells were examined. RESULTS: A significant increase (P < 0.01) in the adhesion of psoriatic PBMC to both endothelial cultures, human skin microvascular endothelial cells from adults (HMVEC-Ad) and human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAEC), compared with healthy PBMC, was demonstrated in our in vitro cell adhesion assay. Pretreatment of both endothelial cultures with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (1000 U mL(-1)) induced the most frequent adhesion of PBMC from patients with psoriasis among the three inflammatory cytokines examined, i.e. TNF-alpha, interleukin-1beta and interferon-gamma [TNF-alpha-treated vs. nontreated: P < 0.001 (in both HMVEC-Ad and HCAEC)]. In both endothelial cultures treated with TNF-alpha, PBMC from patients with psoriasis exhibited significantly more frequent adhesion compared with those from healthy individuals (P < 0.001). The TNF-alpha-stimulated HMVEC-Ad, which exhibited the most frequent adhesion of PBMC, were selected for adhesion-inhibition experiments using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to adhesion molecules that are upregulated in psoriatic lesions, and the combination of antilymphocyte function-associated antigen type 1 (LFA-1) and anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mAbs gave the greatest reduction of adhesion of PBMC from patients with psoriasis (approximately 69% reduction; P < 0.01). This combination of mAbs significantly reduced also the adhesion of CD4+ T cells from patients with psoriasis to TNF-alpha-stimulated HMVEC-Ad (approximately 62% reduction), compared with pretreatment with isotype control mAbs (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction plays a major role in the adhesion of CD4+ T cells to endothelial cells and that TNF-alpha might play an important role for the induction of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells at psoriatic skin lesions.
Assuntos
Endotélio Vascular/imunologia , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Antígeno-1 Associado à Função Linfocitária/metabolismo , Psoríase/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Adesão Celular/imunologia , Células Cultivadas , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microcirculação/imunologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/imunologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of one or multiple co-morbid conditions on the diagnostic accuracy of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) in a heterogeneous patient population. METHODS: CFVR was measured in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) in 318 consecutive patients before elective coronary angiography. CFVR was calculated as the average peak diastolic velocity during intravenous ATP infusion divided by baseline flow velocity. All patients underwent coronary angiography within 48 hours. Significant LAD stenosis was defined as > 50% luminal narrowing. Diagnostic accuracy of CFVR was analysed according to the type and number of risk factors that may adversely affect microvascular function. RESULTS: CFVR was measured in 309 patients, of whom 105 were found to have significant LAD stenosis based on coronary angiography. CFVR < 2.0 had a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 77% for predicting significant LAD stenosis. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was the only factor that significantly lowered diagnostic accuracy (61% with LVH v 84% without LVH, p < 0.001). Diagnostic accuracy was not affected by increasing number of risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of CFVR by TTDE for detecting significant LAD stenosis remains high in a more clinically relevant population with multiple cardiovascular co-morbidities. Only the presence of LVH adversely affected diagnostic accuracy.
Assuntos
Circulação Coronária/fisiologia , Estenose Coronária/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Angiografia Coronária , Estenose Coronária/complicações , Estenose Coronária/fisiopatologia , Ecocardiografia , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
A recurrence of a juxtacortical chondroma of the finger after marginal excision prompted us to review the treatment of this condition. Although the recommended treatment is simple curettage or marginal excision, the reported recurrence rate is significantly higher for lesions in the hand than those in other locations and recurrences only occurred in patients who had local treatments which did not include excision of the adjacent bone cortex. We report five patients with juxtacortical chondroma of the fingers. The first patient underwent marginal excision without resection of the underlying bone cortex. The other four patients underwent intralesional, marginal or wide excisions of tumour with resection of the bone cortex underlying the lesion. Recurrence was only seen in the patient who did not undergo resection of the bone cortex. Resection of the underlying bone cortex after excision of this tumour may be advisable for the treatment of this tumour in the hand to reduce the rate of recurrence.