Exact soliton solutions and the significance of time-dependent coefficients in the Boussinesq equation: theory and application in mathematical physics.

This article effectively establishes the exact soliton solutions for the Boussinesq model, characterized by time-dependent coefficients, employing the advanced modified simple equation, generalized Kudryashov and modified sine-Gordon expansion methods. The adaptive applicability of the Boussinesq system  to coastal dynamics, fluid behavior, and wave propagation enriches interdisciplinary research across hydrodynamics and oceanography. The solutions of the system obtained through these significant techniques make a path to understanding nonlinear phenomena in various fields, surpassing traditional barriers and further motivating research and application. Significant impacts of the coefficients of the equation, wave velocity, and related parameters are evident in the profiles of soliton-shaped waves in both 3D and 2D configurations when all these factors are treated as variables, which are not seen in the case for constant coefficients. This study enhances the understanding of the significant role played by nonlinear evolution equations with time-dependent coefficients through careful dynamic explanations and detailed analyses. This revelation opens up an interesting and challenging field of study, with promising insights that resonate across diverse scientific disciplines.

A study of the wave dynamics of the space-time fractional nonlinear evolution equations of beta derivative using the improved Bernoulli sub-equation function approach.

The space-time fractional nonlinear Klein-Gordon and modified regularized long-wave equations explain the dynamics of spinless ions and relativistic electrons in atom theory, long-wave dynamics in the ocean, like tsunamis and tidal waves, shallow water waves in coastal sea areas, and also modeling several nonlinear optical phenomena. In this study, the improved Bernoulli sub-equation function method has been used to generate some new and more universal closed-form traveling wave solutions of those equations in the sense of beta-derivative. Using the fractional complex wave transformation, the equations are converted into nonlinear differential equations. The achieved outcomes are further inclusive of successfully dealing with the aforementioned models. Some projecting solitons waveforms, including, kink, singular soliton, bell shape, anti-bell shape, and other types of solutions are displayed through a three-dimensional plotline, a plot of contour, and a 2D plot for definite parametric values. It is significant to note that all obtained solutions are verified as accurate by substituting the original equation in each case using the computational software, Maple. Additionally, the results have been compared with other existing results in the literature to show their uniqueness. The proposed technique is effective, computationally attractive, and trustworthy to establish more generalized wave solutions.

Study of the soliton propagation of the fractional nonlinear type evolution equation through a novel technique.

Nonlinear fractional partial differential equations are highly applicable for representing a wide variety of features in engineering and research, such as shallow-water, oceanography, fluid dynamics, acoustics, plasma physics, optical fiber system, turbulence, nonlinear biological systems, and control theory. In this research, we chose to construct some new closed form solutions of traveling wave of fractional order nonlinear coupled type Boussinesq-Burger (BB) and coupled type Boussinesq equations. In beachside ocean and coastal engineering, the suggested equations are frequently used to explain the spread of shallow-water waves, depict the propagation of waves through dissipative and nonlinear media, and appears during the investigation of the flow of fluid within a dynamic system. The subsidiary extended tanh-function technique for the suggested equations is solved for achieve new results by conformable derivatives. The fractional order differential transform was used to simplify the solution process by converting fractional differential equations to ordinary type differential equations by using the mentioned method. Using this technique, some applicable wave forms of solitons like bell type, kink type, singular kink, multiple kink, periodic wave, and many other types solution were accomplished, and we express our achieve solutions by 3D, contour, list point, and vector plots by using mathematical software such as MATHEMATICA to express the physical sketch much more clearly. Moreover, we assured that the suggested technique is more reliable, pragmatic, and dependable, that also explore more general exact solutions of close form traveling waves.

Compatible extension of the (G'/G)-expansion approach for equations with conformable derivative.

In this study, the compatible extensions of the (G'/G)-expansion approach and the generalized (G'/G)-expansion scheme are proposed to generate scores of radical closed-form solutions of nonlinear fractional evolution equations. The originality and improvements of the extensions are confirmed by their application to the fractional space-time paired Burgers equations. The application of the proposed extensions highlights their effectiveness by providing dissimilar solutions for assorted physical forms in nonlinear science. In order to explain some of the wave solutions geometrically, we represent them as two- and three-dimensional graphs. The results demonstrate that the techniques presented in this study are effective and straightforward ways to address a variety of equations in mathematical physics with conformable derivative.

Numerical and analytical solutions of new Blasius equation for turbulent flow.

The Blasius equation for laminar flow comes from the Prandtl boundary layer equations. In this article, we establish a new and generic Blasius equation for turbulent flow derived from the turbulent boundary layer equation that can be used for turbulent as well as laminar flow. The analytical and numerical solutions have been investigated under specific conditions to the developed new Blasius equation. The analytical and numerical results have been compared through tables and graphs to validate the established model. In fluid dynamics, analytical solutions to complicated systems are tedious and time-consuming. Changing one or more constraints can introduce new challenges. In this case, symbolic computation software provides an easier and more flexible solution for fluid dynamical systems, even if boundary conditions are adjusted to explain reality. Therefore, the MATLAB code is used to investigate the new third-order Blasius equation. The comparison and graphical representations demonstrate that the achieved results are encouraging.

COVID-19 vaccine perceptions among South Asian communities in the UK: An application of the theory of planned behavior.

Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this paper explores the perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine among South Asian communities residing in the UK. Thirty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted using a qualitative approach and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants represented Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Afghani, and Nepali backgrounds. The participants revealed that family and community influence their perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. The results suggest that normalizing vaccine acceptance, addressing unknown side effects, and popularizing vaccine efficacy data will increase vaccine uptake within the South Asian community in the UK.

The Risk of Persistent Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease in Early- and Late-Onset Preeclampsia: A Report From Developing Country.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia (PE) has been disproportionately prevalent in developing countries and constitutes a leading cause of maternal mortality, and also has long-term impacts, including renal consequences. This study aimed to explore the risk of persistent hypertension and kidney failure in early-onset PE (EOP) and late-onset PE (LOP) in the five years after delivery. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included women with a prior history of severe PE or normotensive pregnancy admitted to tertiary hospitals in Indonesia. The blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), urea, creatinine serum, and protein urine were analyzed, and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) after five years was performed using the Kidney Disease Improvement Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification. RESULTS: Twenty-seven EOP, 35 LOP, and 30 normotensive cases were included. Mean blood pressure after five years was recorded as 115.6 ± 14.25 mmHg in the normotensive group, 131.82 ± 19.34 mmHg in the LOP group, and 154.96 ± 23.48 mmHg in the EOP group. According to the KDIGO classification, the normotensive group had an average 10% risk of CKD, but severe PE had a risk of CKD greater than 90%. In the severe PE group, the risk of CKD was 20.94 times higher compared to normotensive women (OR 20.94; 95% CI 2.67-163.72, p = 0.004). The risk of CKD in the EOP group was 6.75 times higher than in the LOP group (OR 6.75; 95% CI 2.19-20.76, p = 0.001), whereas persistent hypertension in the EOP group was 5.78 times higher than in the LOP group (OR 5.78; 95% CI 1.91-17.395, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: PE women have a higher risk of CKD than normotensive women. Women with a history of EOP are more likely to develop persistent hypertension and CKD than women with a prior LOP history.

Electronic Cigarette and Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Latest Evidences.

Coronary artery diseases (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease (CHD), are the world's leading cause of death. The basis of coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the heart coronary artery lumen due to atherosclerosis. The use of electronic cigarettes has increased significantly over the years. However, harmful effects of electronic cigarettes are still not firm. The aim of this article is to review the impact of electronic cigarette and its role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis from recent studies. The results showed that several chemical compounds, such as nicotine, propylene glycol, particulate matters, heavy metals, and flavorings, in electronic cigarette induce atherosclerosis with each molecular mechanism that lead to atherosclerosis progression by formation of ROS, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. Further research is still needed to determine the exact mechanism and provide more clinical evidence.

Calotropis procera (L.) mediated synthesis of AgNPs and their application to control leaf spot of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.).

Nature is gifted with a wide range of ornamental plants, which beautify and clean the nature. Due to its great aesthetic value, there is a need to protect these plants from a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.) is an ornamental plant and it is commonly known as China rose or shoeblack plant. It is affected by several fungal and bacterial pathogens. Current study was designed to isolate leaf spot pathogen of H. rosa-sinensis and its control using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Based on molecular and morphological features, the isolated leaf spot pathogen was identified as Aspergillus niger. AgNPs were synthesized in the leaf extract of Calotropis procera and characterized. UV-vis spectral analysis displayed discrete plasmon resonance bands on the surface of synthesized AgNPs, depicting the presence of aromatic amino acids. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) described the presence of C-O, NH, C-H, and O-H functional groups, which act as stabilizing and reducing molecules. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the average size (~32.43 nm) of AgNPs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicted their spherical nature. In this study, in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of AgNPs was investigated. In vitro antifungal activity analysis revealed the highest growth inhibition of mycelia (87%) at 1.0 mg/ml concentration of AgNPs. The same concentration of AgNPs tremendously inhibited the spread of disease on infected leaves of H. rosa-sinensis. These results demonstrated significant disease control ability of AgNPs and suggested their use on different ornamental plants.

The effect of statin on major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of statin on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in patients with RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov for studies investigating the effect of statin on MACE and mortality in RA patients up until 6 February 2022. The primary outcome was MACE, which can be defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal presumed ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, any coronary or non-coronary revascularization, or cardiovascular death. The pooled effect estimated was reported as hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS: There were 40,307 patients from a total of six studies, comprising of one double-blind placebo controlled randomized controlled trial, four propensity-score matched cohorts, and one observational study included in this meta-analysis. The rate of MACE was lower in RA patients receiving statin [OR 0.67 (95%CI 0.51, 0.89), p=0.005; I2: 21.0%, p=0.29] (Figure 2). Sensitivity analysis using fixed-effect model showed that MACE was lower in the statin group [OR 0.73 (95%CI 0.62, 0.87), p<0.0051 I2: 21.0%, p=0.29]. Mortality was lower in RA patients receiving statin [OR 0.73 (95%CI 0.62, 0.88), p<0.001; I2: 29.0%, p=0.25] (Figure 3). Sensitivity analysis using fixed-effect model showed that mortality was lower in the statin group [OR 0.75 (95%CI 0.66, 0.85), p<0.001 I2: 29.0%, p=0.25]. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that statin was associated with reduction of MACE and mortality in patients with RA.

The role of pentoxifylline in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in coronary angiography/intervention - systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the latest evidence on pentoxifylline effect on the contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) and whether the quality evidence is sufficient to make a definite conclusion MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search on topics that assesses pentoxifylline and CIN in coronary angiography/intervention up until 01 April 2021 using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and hand-sampling. Primary outcome was CIN defined as ≥0.5 mg/dL or 25% rise in the SCr 48 h after procedure. RESULTS: There were a total of 1142 subjects from 6 studies. There was no difference between pentoxifylline and control group in terms of serum creatinine at baseline (p=0.46) and after the procedure (p=0.33). The incidence of CIN was 51/571 (8.9%) in the pentoxifylline group and 61/571 (10.7%) in the control group. Pentoxifylline was not significantly associated with increase or decrease in the risk of CIN (RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.19], p=0.32; I2: 0%, p=0.89). Subgroup analysis for elective studies showed a non-significant result (RR 0.77 [0.47, 1.27], p=0.31; I2: 0%). Meta-regression analysis showed that the association between pentoxifylline and mortality was not affected by age (p=0.994), gender (reference: male, p=0.562), hypertension (p=0.336), diabetes (p=0.536), baseline serum creatinine (p=0.344), contrast used (p=0.431), and CIN incidence (p=0.521). GRADE Approach showed a low certainty of evidence for the effect estimate of pentoxifylline on CIN. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis showed that pentoxifylline was not associated with the risk of CIN with low certainty of evidence. Hence, larger, multicentre, double-blind randomized controlled trials are required.

Morphological and molecular evidences of Ascaridia galli in migratory quail Coturnix coturnix japonica from Baluchistan Pakistan.

The current study was conducted to examine the point prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of migratory quails. Due to its economic importance, the control of ascaridiosis is critical. Migration of birds is considered to enhance the global spread and cross-species transmission of pathogens. The current study was aimed to detect A.galli in migratory quails, a potential contributory risk factor for transmission of this parasite to local birds. A total of 230 migratory quails were trapped using nets from migratory routes in Balochistan and examined under the compound microscope for the presence of A. galli. Conventionally, A. galli was identified by its morphology with the presence of three large lips and absence of posterior esophageal bulb. Results revealed that out of 230, 120 (52.17%) quails were positive for A. galli by targeting COX1 gene (533 bp) by using conventional PCR. Further, the amplicon was sequenced which showed 99% similarity with A. galli publically available in NCBI Gen Bank. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of our isolated parasite indicated the close relationship with A.galli isolated from chickens. In conclusion migratory quails and other migratory birds may play a key role in spreading and transmission of these parasites and other pathogens to domestic chicken. Therefore, strict biosecurity measures should be adopted especially for commercial poultry farms.

Correlation Study between COPD and Heart Failure in Elderly Patient.

Heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are acquiring significant morbidity and mortality and the amalgamation presents many diagnostic challenges. Assessment of cardiac and pulmonary function by echocardiography and pulmonary function tests should be executed in all patients with cautious explanation to avoid misdiagnosis and wrong treatment. Both conditions share overlapping pathophysiological processes. Both functional status and quality of life are greatly influenced by these and associated with high morbidity and mortality rates leading to increase the health-care costs. Although both diseases have been studied extensively, information about the correlation between heart failure and COPD is lacking. Classifying the reason of breathing symptoms among people with both the diseases can be demanding. Therefore it is plausible that a considerable proportion of patients with a diagnosis of COPD have associated heart failure, which ruins unrecognized by primary care physicians or pulmonologists. This study's aim was to assess the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure among elderly patients with chronic cough and dyspnea. This study was done in 100 patient's ≥40 years with a GP (general physician) diagnosis of COPD. Descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh from November 2011 to April 2012. A total of 100 cases of chronic cough with breathlessness coming into out patient department and admitted into Department of Medicine of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed written consent was taken from the participants and data was collected by a questionnaire and relevant investigations were done. Data were analyzed with SPSS software and were expressed as mean±SE and significance level of differences among the group was calculated by unpaired student's 't' test. In this study among 100 participating patients with a diagnosis of COPD by their physician, in 24(24%) patients had previously unrecognized heart failure. Pearson Correlation study showed that there is significant positive correlation between FEV1/FVC and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and there is also significant positive correlation between FEV1/FVC and Total Left Ventricular Dysfunction. By this study we recommend that evaluation and assessment of cardiac status is very important in elderly patients with COPD.

The Roles of Community Health Nurses' in Covid-19 Management in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The majority of Covid-19 cases occur at the community level requiring health services to be available at the primary health care level, which also includes Community Health Nursing (CHN) services. It is important to understand various perspectives of the parties involved, effective solutions, and strategies used by nurses in managing Covid-19 in order to be able to provide these services. The purpose of this study was to explore the community health nurses' (CHNs) roles in the Covid-19 management in Indonesia. Methods: A qualitative method was used to explore the perspective from nurses and health cadres as participants. Data were collected through in-depth phone interviews with 11 participants from December 2020 to February 2021 in Bandung. Data were analyzed manually using thematic analysis. Results: Five themes were extracted in this study, namely providing comprehensive services by CHNs; utilizing technology to bridge the information needs; implementing family nursing care; spreading the wings of health cadres by CHNs; and collaborating as the heart of Covid-19 prevention and management. Conclusion: CHNs should employ health education, empowerment strategies, group processes, and advocacy in adapting to the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The five themes identified in this study can be used by policy makers to develop strategies in optimizing the CHN in Covid-19 pandemic management and the possible challenges of future global pandemics.

Uterine conservative-resective surgery for selected placenta accreta spectrum cases: Surgical-vascular control methods.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) has increased, but the optimal management and the optimal way to achieve vascular control are still controversial. This study aims to compare maternal outcomes between different methods of vascular control in surgical PAS management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study on consecutive cases diagnosed with PAS between 2013 and 2020 in single tertiary hospital. The final diagnosis of PAS was made following preoperative ultrasound and confirmation during surgery. Management of PAS using cesarean hysterectomy with internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) was compared with two types of vascular control in uterine conservative-resective surgery (IIAL vs identification-ligation of the upper vesical, upper vaginal, and uterine arteries). RESULTS: Over an 8-year period, 234 pregnant women were diagnosed with PAS meeting the inclusion criteria. Uterine conservative-resective surgery (200 cases) was associated with lower mean blood loss compared with cesarean hysterectomy with IIAL (34 cases) in all PAS cases (1379 ± 769 mL vs 3168 ± 1916 mL; p < 0.001). In sub-analysis of the two uterine conservative-resective surgery subgroups, the group with identification-ligation of the upper vesical, upper vaginal, and uterine arteries had a significantly lower blood loss compared with uterine conservative-resective surgery with IIAL (1307 ± 743 mL vs 1701 ± 813 mL; p = 0.005). Women in the hysterectomy with IIAL group had more massive transfusion (35.3% vs 2.5%; p < 0.001; odds ratio [OR] 21.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.9-66), major blood loss (>1500 mL) (70.6% vs 34%, p < 0.001; OR 4.7; 95% CI 2.1-10.3), catastrophic blood loss (>2500 mL) (64.7% vs 12.5%;p < 0.001; OR 12.8, 95% CI 5.7-29.1), other complications (32% vs 12.4%; p = 0.007; OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.7), and intensive care unit admission (32.4% vs 1.5%; p < 0.001; OR 31.4, 95% CI 8.2-120.7) compared with the uterine conservative-resective surgery groups. The identification-ligation of the upper vesical, upper vaginal and uterine arteries had a significant lower risk for major blood loss (30.5% vs 50%; p = 0.041; OR 0.44, 95% CI = 0.2-0.9) compared with IIAL for vascular control of uterine conservative-resective surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Cesarean hysterectomy is not the default treatment for PAS, PAS with invasion above the vesical trigone are suitable for uterine conservative-resective surgery with upper vesical, upper vaginal and uterine artery vascular control.

Pediatric back pain-Diagnostic algorithm.

BACKGROUND: Back pain in the pediatric population is common. History and a thorough physical examination and a systematic work-up approach are key components to guide the physician in evaluating the possible causes of pain and providing appropriate treatment. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this review was to develop an algorithmic approach to assist physicians in the assessment of pediatric back pain. A comprehensive review of prevalence, differential diagnoses and proper management of pediatric back pain are also presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An extensive literature search was performed in PubMed to gather articles on the prevalence, risk factors, diagnostic tools, differential diagnoses and appropriate management of pediatric back pain. RESULTS: Available literature revealed that pediatric back pain is a common complaint. Although most cases are non-specific and self-limiting, there is a wide differential that should be considered including inflammatory, neoplastic, infectious and mechanical causes. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity and vigorous physical activity have been shown to increase the likelihood of developing back pain. We proposed an algorithm to guide the physician's decision about the next step in the diagnostic process. CONCLUSION: A well-defined strategy in the diagnostic process is needed in approaching children/adolescents with back pain. This would have the benefit of minimizing costs, unnecessary tests and child/family anxiety as well as increasing the likelihood of early diagnosis and proper treatment.

An analysis of social marketing practice: Factors associated with success.

This paper aims to identify factors that contribute to the success of current social marketing practices. These factors include setting clear behavior change objectives and segmentation that informs communication and messaging strategies. Other factors include rigorous research (consumer research, formative research, literature review), pre-testing of interventions, developing a partnership approach, using planning methodologies/theories, and monitoring and evaluation. These success factors could be used for policymakers, governments, agencies and social marketers delivering interventions focussed on healthy lives and well-being. The examples given in this study illustrate how these factors can be achieved, providing a focus for discussion and emulation.

The effect of extracorporeal shockwave myocardial revascularization therapy to myocardial perfusion and function in indicated CABG-stable angina pectoris patients: case series.

OBJECTIVE: Many studies have found a beneficial effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Myocardial Revascularization (ESMR) therapy for refractory angina patients. However, clinical studies ESMR therapy for indicated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)-stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four indicated CABG-SAP patients CCS class I-III reviewed in this study. All patients refuse to CABG procedure. Data of myocardial perfusion and function from medical records were collected. RESULTS: After ESMR therapy, summed rest score was improved in patient 1 from 14 to 8, Patient 2 from 10 to 5, and Patient 3 from 6 to 4. Summed stress score was improved in patient 1 from 31 to 19. Left ventricular ejection fraction was improved in patient 1 at rest from 59 to 67% and stress from 39 to 57%. The global longitudinal strain was improved in patient 1 from -16 to -20.9 and Patient 3 from -14.8 to -18.2. Diastolic dysfunction severity was improved in patient 2 and patient 3 from grade 2 to grade 1. CONCLUSIONS: In our case series, ESMR therapy for indicated CABG-SAP patients might improve myocardial perfusion and function, especially for patients with a high ischemic burden.

The association between serum prealbumin and poor outcome in COVID-19 - Systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the prealbumin and severity and mortality in COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases up until 2 February 2021. The primary outcome was the poor outcome, a composite of mortality and severity. Severe COVID-19 was defined as COVID-19 that fulfill the criteria for severe pneumonia or patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome/disease progression/need for intensive care unit or mechanical ventilation. The effect estimates were a mean difference between patients with and without a poor outcome in mg/dL and odds ratio (OR) per 1 mg/dL decrease in prealbumin level. The effect estimates were reported with their 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: Nine studies comprising of 2104 patients were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Patients with poor outcome have lower prealbumin level (mean difference -71.48 mg/dL [95% CI -93.74, -49.22], p<0.001; I2: 85.9%). Every 1 mg/dL decrease in prealbumin level was associated with 1% increase in poor outcome (OR 0.992 [0.987, 0.997], p=0.004, I2: 81.7%). Meta-regression analysis showed that the association between the prealbumin level and poor outcome varies with gender (male) (coefficient: 3.50, R2: 100%, p<0.001), but not age, diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS: Low serum prealbumin was associated with poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Stable soliton solutions to the nonlinear low-pass electrical transmission lines and the Cahn-Allen equation.

The low-pass nonlinear electrical transmission lines and the Cahn-Allen equation are important nonlinear model equations to figure out different tangible systems, namely, electrical engineering, fluid dynamics etc. The contrivance of this study is to introduce advanced Bernoulli sub-equation function method to search for stable and effective solitary solutions of the described wave equations. Stable solitary solutions are reported as an integration of exponential functions, hyperbolic functions, etc., and the graphical implications for specific values of the corresponding parameters are explained in the solutions obtained in order to uncover the inmost structure of the tangible phenomena. It is establish that the IBSEF method is reliable, contented and might be used in further works to found ample novel soliton solutions for other types of NLEEs arising in physical science and engineering.