Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the brief assessment of recovery capital (BARC-10) scale into Bangla.

Recovery capital is a construct central to the substance use disorder treatment and recovery field. Lack of structured instrument for its assessment in the local context necessitated the translation of the English self-assessment version of the "Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital" (BARC-10) scale to Bangla and the study of its psychometric properties. The objective was to develop a culturally adapted and validated Bangla version of the BARC-10 scale for substance use disorders patients. This study conducted in the period of January 2021 to March 2022 in the department of Psychiatry of a tertiary hospital and central drug addiction treatment center. Initially BARC-10 questionnaire was translated into Bangla (T1 and T2) by 2 separate translators and then synthesis of a single version (T12) was done based on the previous translations. After that 2 back translations (BT1 and BT2) were done by 2 more translators based on the synthesized version (T12). By reviewing all these forward and backward translations, an expert committee made the pre-final version after making some linguistic modification. Then data collection was done among 100 subjects who were selected purposively. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach alpha. Content validity, face validity and Construct validity by factor analysis were measured. Internal consistency measured by Cronbach alpha found was 0.846. No significant change in Cronbach alpha was observed following deleting any item. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit to data by a chi-square/df value1.33, RMSEA value 0.058. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value (.840) showed sampling adequacy. Exploratory factor analysis of the principal component identified 2 factors which had eigenvalues of more than 1. Scree plot also revealed similar factors. These 2 factors together explained 53.1% of the variance. All items were loaded under 2 factors after varimax rotation. The validated Bangla version of the BARC-10 demonstrated high internal reliability and validity. It can potentially be applied in "recovery-oriented" deaddiction service.

Multidrug Resistance Urinary Tract Infection in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: An Observational Study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) urinary tract infections (UTI) and the MDR pattern of the bacterial isolates causing MDR UTI in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 326 diagnosed CKD patients in the Department of Nephrology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Purposive sampling technique was used, and data were collected from the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. From duly collected urine samples, identification of organisms and antibiotic susceptibility tests were done, maintaining proper procedure in the microbiology laboratory. RESULTS: The study population was predominantly female (60.1%). The outpatient department provided the majority of the respondents (75.2%). A history of UTI within the last six months was present among 74.2% of the respondents, and 59.2% had a history of taking antibiotics. Bacterial isolates were predominantly gram-negative (79.4%). Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial isolate, present in 55.5% of the study population. Among the respondents, 64.7% were found to have MDR UTI, and among them, 81.5% were gram-negative, and 18.5% were gram-positive isolates. Among all the antibiotics tested, Colistin Sulphate, Polymyxin B, Cefoxitin, Vancomycin, and Linezolid had the highest (100%) sensitivity, followed by Meropenem, with 94.9% sensitivity. Among the gram-negative isolates, Acinetobacter and Enterobacter were most resistant to aminoglycoside, at 70% and 91.7%, respectively. E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas were most resistant to quinolone at 76.8%, 76.9%, 83.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. Among the gram-positive isolates, Enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus were most resistant to aminoglycoside, 81.5% and 88.9%, respectively. Streptococcus was found to be most resistant to cephalosporin (75.0%). There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) relationship between MDR UTI, history of UTI, and previous antibiotic intake, and diabetic CKD. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MDR UTI among CKD patients is considerably high. When treating UTI, choosing an appropriate antibiotic by urine culture and implementing a guideline on the rational use of antibiotics are essential to managing and preventing the development of MDR UTI.

Correlation between goniometric measurements of range of motion and radiographic scores in osteoarthritis knee: An observational study among females.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease. Different radiological changes are found according to grades. Range of motions (ROMs) of knee decreases with severity of OA. Women are more sufferer than men in OA knee. Objective was to correlate goniometric ROM with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) radiographic score of female osteoarthritic knee. The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, BSMMU, Dhaka, from February 2020 to March 2021. According to ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria, total 66 patients with primary OA knee were selected and examined in this study. Maximal flexion, extension, and rotation movements were measured by a universal goniometer. X-ray of standing both (A/P and lateral) view and skyline view of knee joint were taken and assessed with KL radiographic scores for medial, lateral, and patellofemoral compartments. Correlations between ROMs and KL scores were analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Among the 66 patients, mean age was 53.59 ± 7.19 years and mean body mass index was 26.62 ± 3.35. Majority (84.8%) of the patients were housewives. Mean maximum flexion was 126.71 ± 4.88°, maximum extension was -3.98 ± 1.74°, and internal and external rotations were 6.38 ± 1.29 and 8.48 ± 1.55°, respectively. More than half of patients had medial compartment KL score 3 or more while KL score 2 was found in 47% and 62.1% patients, respectively, in lateral and patellofemoral compartments. Statistically significant negative correlations were found between range of motion and radiographic scores. Strong correlation was present between maximal flexion and medial compartment score (r = -0.821, P < .001), whereas moderate correlation with other compartments. Extension values were moderately correlated with patellofemoral scores (r = -0.560, P < .001) and weakly correlated with rest of radiographic scores. Internal and external rotation were more related with medial compartment (r= -0.469, P < .001) and lateral compartment scores (r = -0.481, P < .001), respectively, than other compartment scores. There were significant negative correlations between goniometric measurements of knee ROM and radiographic scores in osteoarthritis knee in female patients.