Leukemia Cutis Presenting as a Morbilliform Eruption: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Leukemia cutis (LC) is a broad term that describes the infiltration of neoplastic leukocytes into the skin. Classically, LC is characterized by erythematous papules and nodules. However, LC can have a widely variable presentation. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a high index of suspicion for LC through a complete clinical assessment, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry to distinguish this entity from other clinical mimickers. Herein, we report a case of biopsy-proven LC presenting as a morbilliform eruption that was initially suspected to be a drug eruption in a child with acute monocytic leukemia.

A case of nail psoriasis improved with treatment by risankizumab.

Nail psoriasis causes significant aesthetic and functional disabilities. The treatment of nail psoriasis is essential to improve the health outcomes and quality of life among patients. Pain associated with intralesional injections, inadequate penetration into the nail and underlying tissue, poor adherence to therapy, limited efficacy and recurrent relapses are among the many challenging issues with topical therapy. While conventional systemic therapies are still useful and often appropriate for some patients, current evidence indicates that highly selective agents including anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha, anti-interleukin (IL)-17 and anti-IL-12/23 antibodies that are primarily available for plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis have also demonstrated long-term efficacy in the treatment of nail psoriasis. We report a case of nail psoriasis improved with treatment by risankizumab.

Cochlear implantation in post-lingual adults: A 25-year experience at King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the efficacy of cochlear implants (CI) in post-lingual adults, including surgical and auditory outcomes based on a 25-year experience at a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: This study was a retrospective, descriptive chart review of post-lingual adults, aged ≥18 years, implanted at King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center (KAESC), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), between September 1994 and March 2020. The study included 176 cochlear implantations performed in 144 patients. Data retrieval included patient demographics, clinical evaluation, operative details, postoperative course, and audiological evaluation parameters. The main outcome measures were surgical procedures, including techniques and complication rates, and audiological parameters as evaluated by pure tone audiometry average (PTA), speech reception threshold (SRT), and word recognition score (WRS). Student's t-test and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis and a p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Pure tone audiometry average, SRT, and WRS improved significantly after CI. Overall, major complications occurred in 3 patients. One patient underwent CI ex-planation for severe pain, and 2 had device malfunctioning. Other minor complaints were reported in 18% of the patients. CONCLUSION: Cochlear implants performed, in our institute, on post-lingual adults resulted in significant improvements in auditory performance, including PTA, SRT, and WRS values with low complication rates.

Prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux in diabetic patients at a tertiary hospital in Central Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) among diabetic patients and to investigate GERD's potential association with diabetic complications, and patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) in 403 diabetic patients attending the outpatient clinics at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University; a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January and February 2019. On the basis of a cuto GerdQ score of 8, we distinguished GERD and non-GERD groups. RESULTS: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease prevalence was 44.9%. Of the diabetic patients with GERD, 76.8% were female (pless than 0.001). Gastro-esophageal re ux disease patients were older (mean age: 55.27, p=0.038) and had a slightly higher body mass index (BMI) than non-GERD (32.04 versus, 30.20 p=0.006), respectively. Smokers in the GERD group were 1.7% versus 7.2% in the non- GERD group (p=0.007). Peripheral numbness (p=0.023) and nephropathy (p=0.041) were more prevalent in patients with GERD, while myocardial infarction was more prevalent in non-GERD subjects (p=0.038). On multi variable analysis, the only independent GERD risk factors were female gender (p=0.013) and age more than 65 years (p=0.007). CONCLUSION: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease prevalence in diabetic patients was 45%. Diabetic patients with GERD were more often female and older than 65 years. None of the other tested factors (BMI, smoking status, diabetes mellitus duration, therapeutic plan, or diabetic complications) showed signi cant di erence between GERD and non-GERD groups.