The barcode trap-Description of a new species of Microglanis, with a review of the status of Microglanis cibelae (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae).

In a recent study based on the generalized mixed Yule coalescent method for delimiting species, a threshold of 2% genetic distance using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences was used to delimit the species of Microglanis. That action resulted in assembling several populations of Microglanis from Atlantic coastal rivers between Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo states as a single species, Microglanis cottoides, including Microglanis cibelae as a junior synonym. We reexamined these populations and found three species diagnosed by their morphology and that constitute separate mtDNA lineages, including a new species. The synonym of M. cibelae and M. cottoides is reviewed and refuted based on morphological and molecular evidence. M. cibelae and the new species are sympatric and occasionally syntopic in the Tramandaí, Mampituba, and Araranguá river basins. The new species is distinguished from M. cibelae and M. cottoides by the anterior margin of the posttemporosupracleitrum narrow articulated with the epioccipital, the short mental and maxillary barbels, and depressed head and body.

Comparison of Consumption of Pulses in Two Seasons of the Year in Chile.

BACKGROUND: In Chile, the consumption of legumes at least two times per week is promoted. However, there is a low consumption of legumes. Therefore, our objective is to describe legume consumption in two different seasonal periods. METHODS: Serial cross-sectional study: surveys were distributed during summer and winter using different digital platforms. Frequency of consumption, purchase access, and preparation type were investigated. RESULTS: In total, 3280 adults were surveyed in summer and 3339 in winter. The mean age was 33 years. Totals of 97.7% and 97.5% of the population reported consuming legumes in both periods; consumption increased to 3 times per week during winter. In both periods, the main reason for their preference is that they are delicious and nutritious, followed by their use as a meat substitute; the main barriers to their consumption in both periods are that they are expensive (29% in summer and 27.8% in winter) and difficult to prepare. CONCLUSION: A good consumption of legumes was observed, but with a higher frequency of consumption during winter, with an intake of ≥1 per day; additionally, differences were found in purchases according to season, although no differences were found in the method of preparation.

Consumption of Pulses among Chilean Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians during the Covid-19 Pandemic.

The aim of the present study was to compare the frequency of consumption, access to purchase, and type of preparations with pulses among people who eat a vegetarian/vegan or non-vegetarian diet during the COVID-19 pandemic.Cross-sectional surveys were distributed using different digital platforms and social networks. We investigated the frequency of consumption, access to purchase any type of preparations. Descriptive analyses were performed. Differences between the types of diet were tested by Chi-squared statistics.A total of 3339 adults participated in the survey in March 2021, 80% of the total participants were females; 13.6% were vegetarian or vegan (VV). The consumption of pulses increased by 25% among non-vegetarians and 54.5% in VV (p by 25% among non-vegetarians and 54.5% in VV (vey in March 2021, 80% of the total participants were females; 13.6% were vegetarian or vegan (VV). The consumption of pulses preparations. Descriptive analyses were performfood with high satiating power, when compared with the opinions of non-vegetarians (p ood with high satiating power, when cconsumption of pulses were observed in less than 30% of the respondents, but the percentage was lower among VV, the most common negative beliefs are "They are difficult to prepare" and "My family does not like them." Food preparations including pulses are more diverse among VV, and consumption being significantly higher in the 10 alternatives of preparations included in the study.These results highlight the importance of identifying the knowledge, practices, frequency, and preferences of consumption of legumes in the population to stimulate their consumption. Although we observed an increase in the consumption of legumes among those in the sample, the VV group showed a higher frequency of consumption, consumption of different types of legumes and varied preparation, and greater knowledge about the beneficial properties of legumes.

First record of partial albinism in two catfish species of Genidens (Siluriformes: Ariidae) in an estuary of Southern Brazil

This study reports the first occurrence of partial albinism in two species of Ariidae: Genidens barbus and Genidens planifrons from an estuary of Southern Brazil. Possible causes of the simultaneous occurrence of three specimens with partial albinism are discussed, including random genetic alterations, chronic contamination effects and small effective population size, which may favor the expression of the recessive albino gene.

First record of the exotic channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque 1818) (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) in the Rio dos Sinos basin, RS, Brazil / Primeira ocorrência do exótico bagre do canal, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque 1818), (Siluriformes, Ictaluridae) na Bacia do Rio dos Sinos, RS, Brasil

The introduction of non-native species in inland waters is one of the main threats for aquatic biodiversity. Introduced species may compete for resources, prey on native fauna, spread diseases and parasites. The channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes, Ictaluridae) was first described by Rafinesque 1818 in the United States and is widely distributed in North America, south Canada and north-east Mexico. This species adapts easily to new environmental conditions, is tolerant to different habitats, and is grown easily in aquaculture, which turns it into a potential invader of natural aquatic environments. The introduction of I. punctatus occurs in Brazil since 1980, and this is the first record of its occurrence in the Rio dos Sinos basin, Brazil. A female adult catfish was captured during a survey in the main channel of the Rio dos Sinos (29º 44' 14.04" S and 51º 05' 11.08" W). Most probably the captured individual is an escapee from nearby aquaculture facilities.

A introdução de peixes não nativos em águas interiores é uma das principais ameaças à biodiversidade. Espécies introduzidas podem competir por recursos, predar a fauna nativa, transmitir doenças e parasitas. O bagre americano, Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes, Ictaluridae), foi descrito por Rafinesque em 1818 nos Estados Unidos. Possui ampla distribuição na América do Norte, Sul do Canadá, e Nordeste do México. A espécie apresenta alto valor comercial devido ao fato de adaptar-se facilmente a novos ambientes, tolerar variações ambientais, e ser de fácil cultivo. Como todas as espécies exóticas ou alóctones criadas na aqüicultura, é um potencial invasor aos ambientes aquáticos naturais. No Brasil, sua introdução ocorre desde o ano 1980. Este é o primeiro registro de ocorrência de I. punctatus, para a bacia do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brasil. A captura de uma fêmea adulta foi realizada durante um levantamento ictiofaunístico na calha principal do Rio dos Sinos (29º 44' 14.04" S e 51º 05' 11.08" W). O individuo capturado provavelmente representa o resultado de escape de uma estação de piscicultura.

Primeiro registro e aspectos ecológicos de Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Agassiz, 1829) (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) como espécie introduzida na Bacia do Rio dos Sinos, RS, Brasil / First record and ecological aspects of Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Agassiz, 1829) (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) as introduced species in Rio dos Sinos basin, RS, Brazil

Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus is popularly known as jeju or aimara. Widely distributed, occurs in many Central and South America basins, with the São Francisco River as type locality. In Brazil, the southernmost record of the species is the Uruguay River, Rio Grande do Sul State. This study reports the first record of H. unitaeniatus in the Patos Lagoon system, Guaiba hydrographic region, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The capture occurred in a floodplain adjacent of the Sinos River near São Leopoldo city (29° 44' 14.04" S and 51° 05' 11.08" W). Two specimens were collected with drag net in May 2008. One specimen was anesthetized with 2-phenoxy-ethanol solution, fixed in formalin 10 percent, identified and included in the Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da Pontífícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul fish collection. The second specimen was kept alive in aquarium. After ten months it died of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea, Copepoda) infestation. The presence of Lernaea and ease of captive breading of this species support the hypothesis that the collected fish escaped from regional fish farms. The accidental capture does not necessarily reflect a self-sustaining population, but shows the absence of supervision on breeding and marketing of non-native species, which may lead to a homogenized aquatic community.

A espécie Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus é conhecida popularmente como jeju ou aimara. Possui ampla distribuição geográfica, ocorrendo em diversas bacias hidrográficas da América Central e do Sul, com sua localidade tipo, o Rio São Francisco. No Brasil o registro mais ao Sul da espécie é a bacia do Rio Uruguai, Rio Grande do Sul. O presente estudo reporta a primeira ocorrência de H. unitaeniatus no Sistema da Laguna dos Patos, Região Hidrográfica do Guaíba, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A captura ocorreu em um banhado adjacente ao Rio dos Sinos no Município de São Leopoldo (29° 44' 14,04" S e 51° 05' 11,08" W). Dois exemplares foram coletados com redes de arrasto em maio de 2008. Um dos espécimes foi anestesiado com 2-phenoxy-ethanol, fixado em formalina 10 por cento, identificado e incluído na coleção de peixes do Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. O segundo espécime foi mantido vivo em aquário durante dez meses, vindo a óbito por debilidade devido a infestação por Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea, Copepoda). A presença de lérnea e a facilidade de criação em cativeiro da espécie fazem factível pensar que os peixes escaparam de alguma piscicultura da região. A captura acidental não reflete na proliferação de uma população auto-sustentável, mas direciona à falta de fiscalização para a criação e comercialização de espécies alóctones e exóticas, que futuramente tendem a gerar a homogeneização da biota aquática.