Psychologic assessment in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

BACKGROUND: Psychological Clearance level (PCL) for patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a critical step for successful postoperative outcomes. This study aims to assess the relationship between the level of psychologic fitness and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing MBS. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent MBS (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [LSG] and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass [LRYGB]) and completed two years follow-up, between 2012 and 2019, in a single medical center. The patients were divided into four groups based on PCL, suggesting level of readiness for surgery: Group A (PCL-0: guarded), group B (PCL-1: Fair/reasonable), group C (PCL-2: Good/appropriate), and group D (PCL-3: Strong/excellent). Primary outcome was the percent of total body weight loss (%TWL), and the absolute change in BMI units. Secondary outcomes were missed postoperative visits and patient compliance. Differences between the groups were analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM), chi-squared and exact Fisher tests, as appropriate. RESULTS: Of 1411 total patients, 607 (43.20%) had complete data at two years follow-up. 512 (84.34%) were females. LSG was performed in 361 (59.5%). No difference was found in %TWL between the four groups (22.14% vs. 28.0% vs. 26.0% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.118). We found a small difference in the mean (SD) of absolute change in BMI between the groups, and on post-hoc analysis it was found between groups B (PCL-1) and D (PCL-3). Overall, no difference between the groups in number of follow-up visits, or compliance issues. However, patients who attended more follow-up visits had less compliance issues (p < 0.001). PCL is inversely correlated with number of psychologic diagnoses (r = - 0.41, p < 0.001) and medical comorbidities (r = - 0.20, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We found no difference in the percent of TWL in patients who underwent MBS based on PCL at two -years follow-up. Medical comorbidities and psychiatric diagnoses impact the PCL.

Alteraçöes de campos visuais em traumas mecânicos de nervo óptico; apresentaçäo de 15 casos e revisäo da literatura recente / Visual fields changes in mechanical traumas of optic nerve fifteen cases presentation and revision of recent literature

Os campos visuais de 15 pacientes portadores de traumas mecânicos de nervo óptico foram estudados. 93//apresentavam quadros unilaterais sem percepçäo luminosa ou com resíduos de campo visual. O homem jovem, ferido na área fronto-orbitária e envolvido em acidentes de veículos auto-motores ou atingido por pancada é o paciente padräo deste grupo. Há envolvimentos orbitários, otorrino e neurológicos frequentes. A grande variedade de achados anótomo-patológicos já descritos talvez permita compreender o comportamento evolutivo e as respostas às vezes contraditórias às condutas classicamente adotadas. A angiografia fluoresceínica e a angiografia carotídea, se feitas de rotina, provavelmente contribuiräo na escolha e julgamento de propostas terapêuticas, para estes casos. Uso de capacete e cinto de segurança, melhoria da sinalizaçäo e estado das vias públicas e maior disciplina no tráfego reduziriam a incidência deste tipo de traumatismo

Traumatismo de quiasma óptico: descriçäo evolutiva de 4 casos e revisäo da literatura recente / Optic chiasma trauma: evolutive description of 4 cases and a revision of recent litterature

Descrevem-se as características dos pacientes, dos traumas, dos achados clínicos e radiológicos e as evoluçöes neuroftalmológicas em 4 pacientes portadores de trauma presumível ao quiasma óptico. Apesar de todos terem tido danos severos aos campos visuais, o prognótico foi eventualmente bom. Suscinta revisäo bibliográfica geral sobre o assunto éacrescentada nos comentários e sugestöes para a profilaxia de tais lesöes