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1.
Cardiovasc Toxicol ; 24(1): 15-26, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38261135

RESUMO

Alcohol abuse by adolescents is becoming a serious health concern as they often progress to becoming alcoholics later in life which may lead to heart problems. Chronic alcohol use alters the cardiac function and structure, such as haemodynamic changes, weakening and loss of cardiomyocytes, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation. Simvastatin is a commonly used drug for the treatment and management of various cardiovascular problems but information on its protective effects against alcohol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation is lacking in the literature. Four-week-old male (n = 5) and female (n = 5) C57BL/6 J mice were assigned to each experimental group: (I) NT-no administration of alcohol or Simvastatin; (II) ALC-2.5 g/Kg/day of 20% alcohol via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); (III) SIM-5 mg/Kg/day of Simvastatin via oral gavage; (iv) ALC + SIM5-5 mg/Kg/day of Simvastatin via oral gavage followed by 2.5 g/Kg/day of 20% alcohol via i.p.; and (v) ALC + SIM15-15 mg/Kg/day Simvastatin via oral gavage followed by 2.5 g/Kg/day of 20% alcohol via i.p. After the 28-day treatment period, the heart was removed and processed for H&E, Masson's trichrome, or TNF-α immunolabelling. The area and diameter of cardiomyocytes were measured on the H&E-stained sections. The distribution of collagen or TNF-α expression was quantified using the deconvolution tool of ImageJ software. The results confirmed alcohol-induced toxicity on the cardiomyocytes and Simvastatin reduced alcohol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation in both sexes. This study demonstrated that Simvastatin, an FDA approved and easily accessible drug, may be beneficial in lowering the prevalence of alcohol-induced cardiovascular diseases (especially in adolescents) which will have a huge financial implication on health systems worldwide.


Assuntos
Sinvastatina , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Camundongos , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Sinvastatina/farmacologia , Sinvastatina/uso terapêutico , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Etanol/toxicidade , Fibrose , Hipertrofia/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14676761

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: In this retrospective study, we defined the clinicopathologic characteristics of oral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and determined the presence of human herpesvirus 8 in the oral lesions in a group of South African patients. These results were compared with similar data from patients in developed countries. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-one cases of oral KS were retrieved from the departmental archives. Fourteen patients with oral pyogenic granuloma served as control subjects. DNA was extracted by using a modified phenol chloroform extraction method and amplified by using polymerase chain reaction. If beta-globin DNA sequences could not be demonstrated, the patient was excluded from the study. RESULTS: Of the 81 patients included in the study, 68 (84%) had been diagnosed since 1997. Oral KS was often the first presenting sign of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Some of the lesions exceeded 4 cm in diameter. The most commonly affected site was the palate (37 patients), followed by the tongue and gingiva. Multiple oral sites were frequently involved. The mean age of the patients was 34.7 years (range, 2-58 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1.31 to 1. Most of the patients (94%) were black. Human herpesvirus 8 DNA sequences were detected in 44 of the 45 cases of oral KS in which the DNA was analyzed, and in 1 case of pyogenic granuloma. CONCLUSIONS: The only significant clinicopathologic differences in findings between our study and previous studies in developed countries were (1) the male-to-female ratio, (2) the preponderance of black patients, and (3) the more frequent involvement of the tongue. There are no studies reporting the clinicopathologic characteristics of oral KS in populations of developing countries.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Bucais/epidemiologia , Sarcoma de Kaposi/epidemiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Neoplasias Gengivais/epidemiologia , Granuloma Piogênico/epidemiologia , Herpesvirus Humano 8/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Boca/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Bucais/virologia , Neoplasias Palatinas/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sarcoma de Kaposi/virologia , Fatores Sexuais , África do Sul/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Língua/epidemiologia
3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12582363

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study used proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 to evaluate and compare the in situ proliferative activity of (1) solid and multicystic and (2) unicystic ameloblastomas in an attempt to provide a scientific basis for any differences in biologic behavior that exists between these 2 groups of lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty archival tissue sections, 10 of primary unicystic and 10 of solid and multicystic ameloblastomas, were immunohistochemically stained with PCNA and Ki67 antisera. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by the counting of cells, and the data obtained were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The results showed that cellular proliferative activity varied within the ameloblastoma types. The unicystic ameloblastomas showed statistically significantly higher PCNA and Ki67 labeling indices than the solid and multicystic variant. CONCLUSION: There appears, therefore, to be no correlation between proliferative activity as shown by these proteins and reported biologic behavior.


Assuntos
Ameloblastoma/química , Ameloblastoma/patologia , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/patologia , Análise de Variância , Divisão Celular , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/química , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/análise
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