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Inferior turbinate pneumatization is a rare cause of inferior turbinate enlargement. Suspected cases need careful examination and evaluation using computed tomography (CT) scan of paranasal sinuses followed by a tailored management plan. Here, we are reporting three cases of inferior turbinate pneumatization including their clinical assessment and CT scan of paranasal sinuses along with their surgical management. The case series is followed by a literature review of this entity and its management.
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BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder frequently encountered in otorhinolaryngology practice. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea among otorhinolaryngology trainees in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a survey-based cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was sent in July 2020 via email and WhatsApp instant messaging to all otorhinolaryngology trainee residents in Saudi Arabia. We utilized the previously validated obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes questionnaire (OSAKA). Results: 32.4% of all email recipients completed the questionnaire and met the inclusion criteria. 66.7% were males, thirty-two participants (53.3%) were at the junior level (R2-R3), and twenty-eight (46.7%) were at the senior level (R4-R5). The mean total knowledge score was 13.98/18. Senior residents had a higher mean total knowledge score than junior residents. Senior residents had a higher mean total attitude score than junior residents. Age, gender, residency program area, and years of previous otorhinolaryngology practice showed no significant differences in terms of knowledge levels and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea. Exposure to obstructive sleep apnea surgery and awareness of sleep disorders other than sleep apnea were found to be associated with an increased level of confidence in identifying patients at risk of obstructive sleep apnea and in the ability to manage them. Conclusions: This study describes the current condition of obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes among otorhinolaryngology residents in Saudi Arabia. Addressing studied elements may improve training outcomes.
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BACKGROUND: Disease-specific quality of life instruments assess the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on patients' quality of life (QoL). To the extent of our knowledge, there are no Arabic versions of two instruments-the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and the Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS). OBJECTIVE: Develop an Arabic-validated version of both instruments, thus allowing its use among the Arabic population. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study for instrument validation. SETTING: Tertiary university hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted between September 2015 and October 2016. We followed the international comprehensive guidelines for translation and cross-cultural adaptation of QoL instruments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and responsiveness ability of both the RSDI and CSS Arabic versions. SAMPLE SIZE: 124. RESULTS: The sample comprised 75 patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis and 49 healthy control subjects. The Arabic version of both instruments showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: RSDI=0.97, CSS=.88) and the ability to differentiate between diseased and healthy volunteers (P less than .0001). The translated versions also detected significant change in response to an intervention (P less than .0001). CONCLUSION: These Arabic validated versions of the RSDI and CSS can be used for both clinical and research purposes. LIMITATIONS: This study was performed in only one tertiary hospital. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.