Cone-beam computed tomographic analysis of maxillary sinus septa among Yemeni population: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Maxillary sinus septa increase perforation risk of Schneiderian membrane during the sinus floor elevation (SFE). Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) allows for a more precise assessment of the septal position; thus, preoperative CBCT analysis is substantial to avoid possible complications. This study aims to investigate the 3D characteristics of the maxillary sinus septa based on CBCT images. To our knowledge, no study reported the CBCT-based investigation for the sinus septa among Yemeni population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 880 sinus CBCT images 440 patients. The septa prevalence, locations, orientations, morphology, and associated factors were analyzed. The effect of age, gender, and dental status on the sinus septa and the relationship between sinus membrane pathology and sinus septa were also analyzed. Anatomage (Invivo version 6) was used for CBCT images analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed, and a P-value < 0.05 was significantly considered. RESULTS: The maxillary sinus septa were found among 63.9% of patients and 47% of sinuses. The average septa height was 5.2 mm. 15.7% of patients had septa in the right maxilla, 18% in the left, and 30.2% in both. Gender, age, and dental condition had no influence on the presence of septa, and septa presence did not influence sinus membrane pathology. Many septa originated from the floor (54.5%), located in the middle (43%), with coronal orientation (66%) and complete configuration (58.2%). CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, the septa prevalence, locations, orientations, and morphology were significant and equivalent to the highest recorded in the literature yet. Thus, when sinus floor elevation is planned, CBCT imaging of the maxillary sinus is recommended for safe dental implantation.

Maxillary sinus volume and facial asymmetry after unilateral zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture reduction with 2, 3, and 4 fixation points: CBCT-based investigation.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the maxillary sinus volume (MSV), Chronic Sinusitis incidence, and asymmetry of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) following ZMC fracture surgery with various numbers of fixation points. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective non-randomized cohort, 50 adults with unilateral ZMC fractures who treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) between November 2019 and October 2021 were assigned to accomplish this study. They distributed into three groups as per fixation points (2, 3, or 4 Points). Preoperative (T1), Immediate postoperative (T2), and follow-up (T3) cone beam computed topography were analyzed using the Mimics software. The main measures were MSV and asymmetry indexes (ASI) of six paired bilateral anatomical landmarks (Orbital, Suprajugal, Jugale, Zygon, Maxillozygion 1, and Maxillozygion 2). RESULTS: MSV decreased significantly on the affected sides postoperatively in 2P and 3P groups, both in T2 and T3. Further, the T2-T3 comparisons showed a significant MSV change (p = 0.001). ASI reduced considerably to clinically tolerated levels (<3 mm) on landmarks near the fixation sites postoperatively. The ASI on the Zygon and Maxillozygion 1 landmarks showed significant changes among the three groups in both T2 and T3. Interestingly, only five cases had reported postoperative sinusitis symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Although the MSV was changed among the different fixation point groups, the incidence of chronic sinusitis was uncommon. Bilateral asymmetry affected by number and position of the fixation points, fixation with 4 points provide more symmetry.