RESUMO
Characidium fishes with a sex chromosome system form a monophyletic group. This work presents data of Characidium lanei from the South Atlantic basin (Brazil), including an unknown type of ZW sex chromosome system for the groups including the presence of rDNA sites on sex chromosomes.
Assuntos
Peixes/genética , Cromossomos Sexuais/genética , Animais , Brasil , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Feminino , Cariotipagem , MasculinoRESUMO
Since there are some concerns about the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in developing countries, we compared the initial combination antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine plus either nelfinavir or efavirenz at a university-based outpatient service in Brazil. This was a retrospective comparative cohort study carried out in a tertiary level hospital. A total of 194 patients receiving either nelfinavir or efavirenz were identified through our electronic database search, but only 126 patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients were included if they were older than 18 years old, naive for antiretroviral therapy, and had at least 1 follow-up visit after starting the antiretroviral regimen. Fifty-one of the included patients were receiving a nelfinavir-based regimen and 75 an efavirenz-based regimen as outpatients. Antiretroviral therapy was prescribed to all patients according to current guidelines. By intention-to-treat (missing/switch = failure), after a 12-month period, 65% of the patients in the efavirenz group reached a viral load <400 copies/mL compared to 41% of the patients in the nelfinavir group (P = 0.01). The mean CD4 cell count increase after a 12-month period was also greater in the efavirenz group (195 x 10(6) cells/L) than in the nelfinavir group (119 x 10(6) cells/L; P = 0.002). The efavirenz-based regimen was superior compared to the nelfinavir-based regimen. The low response rate in the nelfinavir group might be partially explained by the difficulty of using a regimen requiring a higher patient compliance (12 vs 3 pills a day) in a developing country.
Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alcinos , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Benzoxazinas/administração & dosagem , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Protocolos Clínicos , Estudos de Coortes , Ciclopropanos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Humanos , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nelfinavir/administração & dosagem , RNA Viral/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Viral , Zidovudina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Since there are some concerns about the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in developing countries, we compared the initial combination antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine and lamivudine plus either nelfinavir or efavirenz at a university-based outpatient service in Brazil. This was a retrospective comparative cohort study carried out in a tertiary level hospital. A total of 194 patients receiving either nelfinavir or efavirenz were identified through our electronic database search, but only 126 patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients were included if they were older than 18 years old, naive for antiretroviral therapy, and had at least 1 follow-up visit after starting the antiretroviral regimen. Fifty-one of the included patients were receiving a nelfinavir-based regimen and 75 an efavirenz-based regimen as outpatients. Antiretroviral therapy was prescribed to all patients according to current guidelines. By intention-to-treat (missing/switch = failure), after a 12-month period, 65 percent of the patients in the efavirenz group reached a viral load <400 copies/mL compared to 41 percent of the patients in the nelfinavir group (P = 0.01). The mean CD4 cell count increase after a 12-month period was also greater in the efavirenz group (195 x 10(6) cells/L) than in the nelfinavir group (119 x 10(6) cells/L; P = 0.002). The efavirenz-based regimen was superior compared to the nelfinavir-based regimen. The low response rate in the nelfinavir group might be partially explained by the difficulty of using a regimen requiring a higher patient compliance (12 vs 3 pills a day) in a developing country.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Benzoxazinas/administração & dosagem , Protocolos Clínicos , Estudos de Coortes , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Nelfinavir/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , RNA Viral/sangue , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Viral , Zidovudina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
We report a 55-year-old white woman with an angiosarcoma of the left breast, anemia and thromobocytopenia due to a consumptive coagulopathy (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome).