Systematic screening for digestive carriage of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (E-ESBL) at hospital readmission among patients with past history of E-ESBL colonization or infection.

BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (E-ESBL) are commensal multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria of the digestive tract whose prevalence has risen sharply worldwide and in Europe over the past two decades. AIM: To assess digestive carriage at hospital readmission of a large cohort of 2509 patients with E-ESBL carriage over a five-year survey; 833 (33%) patients were readmitted at least once. METHODS: A retrospective, single-centre survey conducted at a tertiary care hospital in France. FINDINGS: Among patients with several hospital readmissions (range: 2-13), the proportion of patients still E-ESBL-colonized at hospital readmission, detected by systematic screening for E-ESBL colonization, was >80% within an 18-month period after prior hospitalization with the first E-ESBL isolation. CONCLUSION: There is a need to reconsider the continuation of systematic screening for E-ESBL colonization because of a high rate of patients still colonized at hospital readmission over a long period of time.

Enterobacter cloacae complex outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit: multifaceted investigations and preventive measures are needed.

We report the investigation to control an Enterobacter cloacae complex outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit from November 2020 to February 2021. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that five of eight cases were infected with a clonal strain. Breast pumps, shared among mothers in the unit, could have contributed to the spread of the clonal spread.

Relationship between infrared skin radiation and functional tests in patients affected by Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy: Part 2.

HYPOTHESIS: This study represents a second part of a recently published study about a new form of evaluation and development of rare genetic neurodegenerative diseases. The objective is to provide a more global vision of thermography with respect to the Emery-Dreifuss pathology, through the analysis of the data collection carried out for one year. The basic hypothesis is that thermography could become a valid tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of this pathology because is a very specific tool for registering temperature changes produced by a constant degenerative evolution of this muscular dystrophy.

Relationship between infrared skin radiation and muscular strength tests in patients affected by Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.

Considering that infrared thermography is presented as a diagnostic technique for non-invasive, non-ionizing, fast and easy to use imaging and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a clinical condition that seems to be related to changes in the emission of infrared radiation at the skin level due to its neurodegenerative character, we have conducted an investigation by infrared thermography and the use of functional strength tests in the lower limbs in a family of 4 affected members of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy to try to establish a relationship between the evolution of the disease and the emission of infrared radiation in this pathology at the lower limb level and provide a more general view of this disease for a better evaluation and monitoring of the disease.

Is infrared thermography (IRT) a possible tool for the evaluation and follow up of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy? A preliminary study.

HYPOTHESIS: The hypothesis of this work is that infrared thermography could become a valid tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of the Emery-Dreifuss disease due to putative temperature changes produced by a constant degenerative evolution of this muscular dystrophy. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS: To justify this hypothesis we proposed a pilot study with 2 brothers affected of Emery-Dreifuss who present a very different age, with the principal objective to evidence a possible evolution of this pathology. Acquisition and comparison of images of computerized axial tomography (CT) and thermography (IRT) of the distal limbs in 2 affected brothers. DATA AND DISCUSSION: Important image correlations in the region of the thighs and the posterior region of the legs have been highlighted. The comparison between the CT and the thermography showed how the first results are encouraged and promising and open a possible new line of research on the evaluation and follow-up of this disease. Despite this, a larger number of studies are needed to validate the thermography as a diagnostic technique and follow-up of this pathology.

Theoretical basis for a new approach of studying Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy by means of thermography.

INTRODUCTION: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a clinical condition characterized by neuro-skeletal and cardiac impairments. By means of thermography, an image acquisition technique that allows the recording of the heat emitted by objects or bodies, news insight can be obtained insights about the evaluation and follow-up of this disease. Actually, musculoskeletal disorders are a major cause of counseling and access to rehabilitation services and are some of the most important problems that affect the quality of life of many people. There are urgent both clinical and research needs for the assessment and follow-up of patients with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and the thermography is a rapid, non-invasive, easy to use and objective technique that analyzes the temperature of the examined tissue. HYPOTHESIS: The main aim is to offer a new possible hypothesis of validating the thermography techniques that support the evaluation and clinical follow-up of the Emery-Dreifuss dystrophy. To carry out this work we rely on the evidence of the existing bibliography. To perform this work and to evaluate the current situation on this topic, a systematic review was carried and after the application of an automatic and manual filter, inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 0 articles was obtained. Unfortunately, there is a lack of articles that relate the use of thermography in the Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Due to the absence of information, we have expanded the search to articles concerning the use of thermography in relation to alterations of the musculoskeletal system compatible with those of Emery-Dreifuss, genetic diseases related to the X chromosome and more generally muscular atrophy. Based on other studies and results carried out in diseases that show signs and symptoms similar to Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy, we believe that a new line of translational research could be opened with novel findings and we think that thermography could be an optimal tool for the clinical monitoring of this pathology. We believe that it would be of a great importance to carry out an observational study, to lay the foundations for future works, that relate thermography to the Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophies.

The plantaris muscle: anatomy, injury, imaging, and treatment.

The plantaris muscle is often dismissed as a small, vestigial muscle, however an injury to this structure should actually be included in differential considerations of the painful calf. Injury to the plantaris on its own, or in association with concurrent injuries of the knee can present a diagnostic challenge to the manual practitioner. This review discusses the diagnosis, imaging, and evidence based management of this tiny, but important muscle of the lower limb.

External coxa saltans (snapping hip) treated with Active Release Techniques: a case report.

BACKGROUND: The presence of painful coxa saltans (snapping hip) can be a debilitating injury for a competitive athlete, hindering both training, and performance. Considering the various potential etiologies, it often poses a diagnostic and management dilemma for health care practitioners and the success of treatment is often dependent on the practitioner's precise understanding of the cause. Although it is suggested by various authors that conservative therapy should be attempted before considering surgical management, little is known in terms of the most effective modes of manual therapy that should be attempted. CASE PRESENTATION: A case of chronic, external coxa saltans in a 16 year old competitive dancer treated with Active Release Techniques(R) is presented. The clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of the case are discussed. CONCLUSION: Active Release Techniques, or ART, is a soft tissue treatment method that focuses on relieving tissue tension via the removal of fibrosis/adhesion that develops in tissue that is overloaded with repetitive use. In this case of external coxa saltans, the underlying cause of the condition was increased tissue tension leading to increased friction of the proximal Iliotibial band (ITB) complex over the greater trochanter. Utilizing ART resulted in a complete resolution of this athlete's symptoms and may be a good treatment option for external coxa saltans.

[Allergic contact dermatitis to temporary henna tattoos]. / Dermatitis de contacto alérgica a tatuajes temporales de henna.

INTRODUCTION: In the last years there have been increasing reports of adverse cutaneous reactions to temporary black henna tattoos. Black henna does not exist naturally, it is obtained from original henna after the addition of other compounds, among them paraphenylenediamine (PPD), that darken it and facilitate the process of tattoing. Paraphenylenediamine is an aromatic compound that presents cross reactions with other components that have a benzene ring in their molecular structure. Many of these products may be present in the daily life of any person. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed patients that have shown erythema, inflammation and/or vesiculation in a previously tattooed area. The patients have undergone a temporary tattoo in street stalls during the summer period (2004-2005). A total of five patients were included, there were four men and one woman with a mean age of 13 years (3-34) and a mean latency period of 9.4 days (5-14). Black ink and plastic stencils were used to perform the tattoo. None of the patients has had previous contact with hair dyes or tattoos and none of them referred a personal history of atopic dermatitis. Patch testing was carried out using the standard set of the Spanish Group for Research in Contact Dermatitis [GEIDC] (TRUE TEST, Pharmacia. Hillerod. Denmark), with readings at 48 and 96 hours. RESULTS: Sensitization to PPD is confirmed in three patients, one of them was also sensitized to formaldehyde. Hypopigmented scars persist in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: Black henna pseudotattoos are a source of sensitization to PPD with potential severe consequences in a medium to long term. Currently there is no specific legislation with respect to the practice of this type of tattoos in our country.