RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) carrying a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene show unprecedented sensitivity to gefitinib or erlotinib. CASE REPORTS: We present the follow-up data of 2 EGFR mutation-positive stage IV NSCLC patients who received upfront 250 mg gefitinib daily, then underwent potentially curative surgery, and resumed gefitinib therapy in the adjuvant setting. Patient 1 was diagnosed with a rightsided adenocarcinoma of the upper lobe with multiple metastases to the middle lobe. After 2 months of gefitinib treatment, only a small primary lesion was seen, and a bilobectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. The patient remained disease-free during a scheduled 12-month adjuvant therapy but relapsed 9 weeks after cessation of this treatment. Patient 2 presented with adenocarcinoma of the lower lobe of the right lung and a single metastasis to the left adrenal. After 3 months of receiving gefitinib, the metastasis was no longer detectable, and the primary tumor was significantly reduced. Surgery included lobectomy and adrenalectomy. This patient relapsed with metastasis in the remaining adrenal 4 months after the start of adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION: Gefitinib can be used preoperatively for the management of advanced EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. It remains to be established whether surgical intervention indeed renders survival advantage for this category of patients.