[Temporal pattern, spatial distribution, and factors associated with the incidence of HIV/AIDS among young people in BrazilPatrón temporal, distribución espacial y factores asociados a la incidencia de la infección por el VIH/sida en jóvenes en Brasil]. / Padrão temporal, distribuição espacial e fatores associados a incidência de HIV/AIDS entre jovens no Brasil.

Objective: To describe temporal and spatial patterns and identify the factors associated with the incidence of HIV/AIDS among young people in Brazil. Method: Ecological study of young Brazilians aged 15-24 years with reported HIV/AIDS, from 2001 to 2021. The Joinpoint method was used for the temporal analysis. Spatial clusters were detected using Bayesian methods, spatial autocorrelation, Getis-Ord Gi*, and scan techniques. Four non-spatial and spatial regression models were used to identify factors associated with the result. All statistical analyses considered p < 0.05. Results: In Brazil, the average incidence was 12.29 per 100 000 inhabitants, with an annual increase of 7.3% in the period 2007-2014 and a subsequent 3.4% decrease in 2014-2021. A high-high pattern and hotspots were observed, mainly in municipalities in the South, Southeast, Central-West, and North regions. The primary cluster was located in 572 municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, with the highest relative risks in Manaus (Amazonas) and Rondonópolis (Mato Grosso). The illiteracy rate (ß = -0.08), GINI Index (ß = -3.74) and Family Health Strategy coverage (ß = -0.70) were negatively associated with the result. In contrast, the Firjan Municipal Development Index (ß = 2.37), Social Vulnerability Index (ß = 6.30), percentage of Bolsa Família recipients (ß = 0.04), and per capita income (ß = 0.008) showed a positive association. Conclusion: There was an upward trend in the incidence of HIV/AIDS until 2014, followed by a decline until 2021. High-rate clusters were concentrated in municipalities in the North, South, Southeast and Central-West regions in particular. Indicators of socioeconomic vulnerability had positive or negative effects on the result, depending on the territory investigated.

Objetivo: Describir el patrón temporal y espacial, y determinar los factores asociados a la incidencia de infección por el VIH/sida en jóvenes en Brasil. Método: Estudio ecológico en jóvenes brasileños de 15 a 24 años con diagnóstico de infección por el VIH/sida en el período 2001-2021. Para el análisis temporal se utilizó el método de regresión de puntos de inflexión (joinpoint). Los conglomerados espaciales se detectaron con métodos Bayesianos y de autocorrelación espacial, Gi* de Getis-Ord y escaneo. Se utilizaron cuatro modelos de regresión espacial y no espacial para detectar los factores asociados al resultado. En todos los análisis estadísticos se estableció un valor de p < 0,05 como umbral de significación. Resultados: En Brasil, la incidencia media fue de 12,29 por 100 000 habitantes, con un aumento del 7,3% anual en el período 2007-2014 y una reducción posterior del 3,4% en el período 2014-2021. Se observó un patrón alto/alto y la presencia de puntos calientes, principalmente en municipios del Sur, Sudeste, Centro-Oeste y Norte. El principal conglomerado se localizó en 572 municipios de Rio Grande do Sul y Santa Catarina, y los riesgos relativos más altos se observaron en Manaus (Amazonas) y Rondonópolis (Mato Grosso). La tasa de analfabetismo (ß = -0,08), el índice de Gini (ß = -3,74) y la cobertura de la estrategia de salud familiar (ß = -0,70) mostraron una asociación negativa con el resultado. En cambio, el índice de Firjan de desarrollo municipal (ß = 2,37), el índice de vulnerabilidad social (ß = 6,30), el porcentaje de personas que reciben ayuda del programa de bienestar social Bolsa Família (ß = 0,04) y los ingresos per cápita (ß = 0,008) mostraron una asociación positiva. Conclusión: Hubo una tendencia al aumento de la incidencia de infección por el VIH/sida hasta el 2014, con una reducción posterior hasta el 2021. Los conglomerados de tasas elevadas se concentraron especialmente en los municipios de las regiones Norte, Sur, Sudeste y Centro-Oeste. Los indicadores de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica tienen una influencia positiva o negativa en el resultado, según el territorio investigado.

Fourteen-year trends in overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity in Amazonian indigenous peoples.

BACKGROUND: Available data show that the epidemiological profile of most indigenous Brazilian populations is characterized by the coexistence of long-standing health problems (high prevalence of infectious and parasitic diseases, malnutrition, and deficiency diseases, such as anemia in children and women of reproductive age), associated with new health problems, especially those related to obesity (hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia). Based on this scenario, this study analyzed the nutritional profile of the adult population of seven indigenous peoples from the Brazilian Amazon in the years 2007 and 2021. METHODS: A total of 598 adults individuals were analyzed in 2007 (319 women and 279 men) and 924 in 2021 (483 women and 441 men), from seven indigenous peoples located in the state of Pará, who were assisted during health actions carried out in 2007 and in 2021. Body mass index classification used the World Health Organization criteria for adults: low weight, < 18.5 kg/m2; normal weight, ≥ 18.5 and < 25 kg/m2); overweight, ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m2, and obesity, ≥ 30 kg/m2. A waist circumference (WC) < 90 cm in men and < 80 cm in women was considered normal. RESULTS: The data revealed heterogeneous anthropometric profiles, with a low prevalence of nutritional changes in the Araweté, Arara and Parakanã peoples, and high proportions of excess weight and abdominal obesity in the Kararaô, Xikrin do Bacajá, Asurini do Xingu and Gavião peoples, similar to or even higher than the national averages. CONCLUSION: Different stages of nutritional transition were identified in the indigenous peoples analyzed, despite apparently having been subjected to the same environmental pressures that shaped their nutritional profile in recent decades, which may indicate different genetic susceptibilities to nutritional changes. The evidence shown in this study strongly suggests the need to investigate in greater depth the genetic and environmental factors associated with the nutritional profile of Brazilian indigenous peoples, with assessment of diet, physical activity and sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables that enable the development of appropriate prevention and monitoring measures.

Effectiveness of cinnamon in the reduction of lipid levels in people with diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of cinnamon in reducing lipid levels in people with diabetes. METHOD: Randomized clinical trial of parallel groups, triple-blind, conducted in Basic Health Units in the state of Piauí in 2019. People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, between 18 and 80 years old, using oral antidiabetics, were included, and divided into two groups. The experimental group tested 3g of cinnamon for 90 days. RESULTS: 140 people participated in the study. From these, the experimental group (n= 71) showed a reduction in mean levels of total cholesterol (p= 0.316 | CI 95% -24.9-8.1), LDL (p= 0.024 | CI 95% -29.3 -2.1) and triglycerides (p= 0.969 | 95% CI -28.6-27.5), and increased HDL (p= 0.001 | 95% CI 4.2-10.2). CONCLUSION: The use of 3g of cinnamon per day, for 90 days, seems to help reduce LDL values and increase HDL levels in patients with diabetes.

New Perspectives about Drug Candidates Targeting HTLV-1 and Related Diseases.

Among the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types, HTLV-1 is the most prevalent, and it has been linked to a spectrum of diseases, including HAM/TSP, ATLL, and hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis. There is currently no globally standard first-line treatment for HTLV-1 infection and its related diseases. To address this, a comprehensive review was conducted, analyzing 30 recent papers from databases PubMed, CAPES journals, and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The studies encompassed a wide range of therapeutic approaches, including antiretrovirals, immunomodulators, antineoplastics, amino acids, antiparasitics, and even natural products and plant extracts. Notably, the category with the highest number of articles was related to drugs for the treatment of ATLL. Studies employing mogamulizumab as a new perspective for ATLL received greater attention in the last 5 years, demonstrating efficacy, safe use in the elderly, significant antitumor activity, and increased survival time for refractory patients. Concerning HAM/TSP, despite corticosteroid being recommended, a more randomized clinical trial is needed to support treatment other than corticoids. The study also included a comprehensive review of the drugs used to treat disseminated strongyloidiasis in co-infection with HTLV-1, including their administration form, in order to emphasize gaps and facilitate the development of other studies aiming at better-directed methodologies. Additionally, docking molecules and computer simulations show promise in identifying novel therapeutic targets and repurposing existing drugs. These advances are crucial in developing more effective and targeted treatments against HTLV-1 and its related diseases.

Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva como estratégia de promoção de saúde no ambiente escolar

A abordagem da educação em saúde é de suma importância para a qualidade e efetividade da atenção em saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva, especialmente no ambiente escolar. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho é verificar o conhecimento de estudantes do Ensino Médio e Ensino de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) quanto à sexualidade e planejamento reprodutivo. Trata-se de um relato da experiência, com abordagem qualitativa dos dados. As estudantes de graduação em Enfermagem realizaram junto ao público de jovens e adultos com faixa etária entre 16 e 50 anos em escolas públicas de Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio de Parnaíba-PI atividades de educação em saúde voltadas à prevenção de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST's) no período de junho de 2022. Utilizou-se o diário de campo por meio da observação direta para o registro das informações e impressões sobre o território de atuação. Constatou-se a carência de educação sexual no ambiente escolar, devido ao desconhecimento das infecções sexuais, o uso errôneo de métodos contraceptivos na qual propicia o surgimento de inúmeras condições de saúde, como as IST's e a gravidez na adolescência. As ações de educação em saúde realizadas pelas discentes de enfermagem contribuem para a formação dos estudantes de graduação pois proporcionam o contato com a comunidade e as suas necessidades. Auxiliam também na diminuição das IST's, visto que a desinformação é um dos principais fatores para a sua disseminação.

Effectiveness of cinnamon in the reduction of lipid levels in people with diabetes: a randomized clinical trial / Eficacia de la canela en la reducción de los niveles de lípidos en personas con diabetes: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Efetividade da canela na redução de níveis lipídicos em pessoas com diabetes: ensaio clínico aleatorizado

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of cinnamon in reducing lipid levels in people with diabetes. Method: Randomized clinical trial of parallel groups, triple-blind, conducted in Basic Health Units in the state of Piauí in 2019. People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, between 18 and 80 years old, using oral antidiabetics, were included, and divided into two groups. The experimental group tested 3g of cinnamon for 90 days. Results: 140 people participated in the study. From these, the experimental group (n= 71) showed a reduction in mean levels of total cholesterol (p= 0.316 - CI 95% -24.9-8.1), LDL (p= 0.024 - CI 95% -29.3 -2.1) and triglycerides (p= 0.969 - 95% CI -28.6-27.5), and increased HDL (p= 0.001 - 95% CI 4.2-10.2). Conclusion: The use of 3g of cinnamon per day, for 90 days, seems to help reduce LDL values and increase HDL levels in patients with diabetes.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la canela en la reducción de los niveles de lípidos en personas con diabetes. Método: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, triple ciego, de grupos paralelos, realizado en Unidades Básicas de Salud de Piauí en 2019. Personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, entre 18 y 80 años, usuarias de antidiabéticos orales, fueron divididas en dos grupos. El grupo experimental probó 3g de canela durante 90 días. Resultados: 140 personas participaron en el estudio. De estos, el grupo experimental (n= 71) mostró una reducción en los niveles medios de colesterol total (p= 0,316 - IC 95% -24,9-8,1), LDL (p= 0,024 - IC 95% -29,3 - 2,1) y triglicéridos (p= 0,969 - IC 95% -28,6-27,5) y HDL elevado (p= 0,001 - IC 95% 4,2-10,2). Conclusión: El uso de 3g de canela al día durante 90 días parece ayudar a reducir los valores de LDL y aumentar los niveles de HDL en pacientes con diabetes.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da canela na redução dos níveis lipídicos em pessoas com diabetes. Método: Ensaio clínico aleatorizado de grupos paralelos, triplo cego, realizado em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do estado do Piauí em 2019. Foram incluídas pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, entre 18 e 80 anos, em uso de antidiabéticos orais, e divididos em dois grupos. No grupo experimental testou-se 3g de canela por 90 dias. Resultados: 140 pessoas participaram do estudo. Destas, o grupo experimental (n= 71) apresentou redução na média dos níveis de colesterol total (p= 0,316 - IC 95% -24,9-8,1), LDL (p= 0,024 - IC 95% -29,3-2,1) e triglicerídeos (p= 0,969 - IC 95% -28,6-27,5), e aumento do HDL (p= 0,001 - IC95% 4,2-10,2). Conclusão: O uso de 3g de canela por dia, durante 90 dias, parece auxiliar na diminuição dos valores de LDL e aumento dos níveis de HDL em pacientes com diabetes.

Distribution of HbS Allele and Haplotypes in a Multi-Ethnic Population of Guinea Bissau, West Africa: Implications for Public Health Screening.

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited condition that is widespread globally and especially in malaria-endemic West African countries. Limited epidemiological data on SCD are available for Guinea Bissau, where newborn screening is not yet implemented, routine diagnosis is not available, and care is case directed. Methods: Dried blood spots were collected from children accessing two hospitals managed by Italian Non-Governmental Organizations in the capital city of Bissau and sent to Padova for Hemoglobin (Hb) quantification through HPLC and molecular analysis. Beta globin gene analysis was performed in all; and Hb haplotype of the HbSS and HbSA patients was performed in South Africa. One hundred samples belonging to the most frequent ethnic groups were randomly selected for detection of G6PD mutations. Results: Samples from 848 consecutive children (498 males and 350 females, mean age 6.8 years) accessing the two hospitals were analyzed: 6.95% AS (4.42% allelic frequency), 0.94% SS, and 0.23% AC. 376G G6PD allelic frequency was 24%; 14.8% in AS individuals. The Senegal haplotype was the most prevalent (31%), and the proposition of chromosomes with the atypical haplotype was surprisingly high (56%). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant frequency of the HbS allele in the population of Guinea Bissau supporting the implementation of screening strategies. The differences among ethnic groups can help guide targeted interventions for SCD awareness campaigns and determine priority areas for public health interventions. The pilot analysis on haplotypes reveals a large proportion of the atypical haplotype, which may be indicative of a genetically heterogeneous population.

Lipoarabinomannan antigenic epitope differences in tuberculosis disease subtypes.

An accurate urine test for diverse populations with active tuberculosis could be transformative for preventing TB deaths. Urinary liporabinomannan (LAM) testing has been previously restricted to HIV co-infected TB patients. In this study we evaluate urinary LAM in HIV negative, pediatric and adult, pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients. We measured 430 microbiologically confirmed pretreatment tuberculosis patients and controls from Peru, Guinea Bissau, Venezuela, Uganda and the United States using three monoclonal antibodies, MoAb1, CS35, and A194, which recognize distinct LAM epitopes, a one-sided immunoassay, and blinded cohorts. We evaluated sources of assay variability and comorbidities (HIV and diabetes). All antibodies successfully discriminated TB positive from TB negative patients. ROAUC from the average of three antibodies' responses was 0.90; 95% CI 0.87-0.93, 90% sensitivity, 73.5% specificity (80 pg/mL). MoAb1, recognizing the 5-methylthio-D-xylofuranose(MTX)-mannose(Man) cap epitope, performed the best, was less influenced by glycosuria and identified culture positive pediatric (N = 19) and extrapulmonary (N = 24) patients with high accuracy (ROAUC 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.98, 0.90 sensitivity 0.80 specificity at 80 pg/mL; ROAUC = 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, 96% sensitivity, 80% specificity at 82 pg/mL, respectively). The MoAb1 antibody, recognizing the MTX-Man cap epitope, is a novel analyte for active TB detection in pediatric and extrapulmonary disease.

O luto materno no desenvolvimento familiar: mães que perderam seus filhos em acidentes rodoviários / Maternal grief in family development: mothers who lost their children in road accidents

O presente estudo objetivou analisar a produção de significados de mães do Município de Banabuiú, Ceará, Brasil, as quais um filho ou filha faleceu em acidente rodoviário. Adotou-se o modelo multimetodológico, com estudo de casos múltiplos. Três mães que perderam filhos ou filhas em acidentes rodoviários participaram desta investigação. Três instrumentos foram aplicados: modelo de História de Vida, Diagrama da Escolta e questionário sociodemográfico. Os dados qualitativos foram analisados por análise de conteúdo e os quantitativos por análise descritiva. As categorias que emergiram foram: "Sentimento de perda", "Transição do curso de vida com a morte do filho" e "Relação familiar e social". Diante dos resultados obtidos, percebeu-se que as mães significam a perda de seus filhos como uma transição marcante no curso do seu desenvolvimento familiar. O apoio familiar e social emergiu como fundamental no processo de adequação à perda.

The present study aimed to analyze the production of meanings of mothers from the municipality of Banabuiú, Ceará, Brazil, in which a son or daughter died in a road accident. The multi-method approach with multiple case study was adopted. Three mothers who lost children or daughters in road accidents participated in this research. Three instruments were applied: Life history approach, The Convoy of Social Support, sociodemographic questionnaire. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis and the quantitative data by descriptive analysis. The categories that emerged were: "Feeling of loss", "Life course transition with the death of son" and "Family and social relationship". In light of the results, it was realized that mothers mean the loss of their children as a transition marked in the course of their family development. Family and support social emerged as fundamental in the process of adaptation to loss.

Pessoas com deficiências e tipos de barreiras de acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde - revisão integrativa / Personas con deficiencias y tipos de barreras de acesibilidad a los servicios de salud - revisión integradora / Disabled people and types of barriers to the accessibility of health services – integrative review

Objetivo: analisar os tipos de barreiras de acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde enfrentadas por pessoas com deficiências, através das publicações online dos anos 2003-2013 como fonte de pesquisa. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa apresentada por meio de seis etapas. Ao se aplicar os critérios de inclusão: texto completo disponível, base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Base de Dados de Enfermagem, assunto principal pessoas com deficiência, idioma português, publicações dos anos de 2003-2013 e tipo de documento em artigo, emergiram 26 artigos. Desses, 13 foram analisados, 02 não abordavam os tipos de barreiras de acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde e 11 estavam repetidos. Resultados: Categorias emergentes foram as barreiras arquitetônicas, atitudinais, organizacionais. Conclusão: As barreiras de acessibilidade podem influenciar negativamente na busca das PcD aos serviços de saúde.

Objetivo: analisar los tipos de barreras de acesibilidad de los servicios de salud a las personas com deficiencia, a traves de las publicaciones en línea en los años 2003-2013. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora presentada por medio de seis etapas. Al aplicar los criterios de inclusión: texto completo disponible, bases de datos Latino-Americana y de Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online y Bases de Datos de Enfermería, asunto principal personas con deficiencia, idioma portugués, publicaciones de los años de 2003- 2013 y tipo de documento em artículo, emergiran 26 artículos. De los cuales, 13 fueran analisados, 02 no abordaban los tipos de barreras de acesibilidad a los servicios de salud y 11 estaban repetidos. Resultados: Categorías emergentes fueran las barreras arquitectónicas, actitudinales, organizacionales. Conclusión: Las barreras de acesibilidad pueden influir negativamente en la búsqueda de las PcD a los servicios de salud.

Objective: to analyze the types of accessibility barriers found by disabled people on health services, using online journals, written between 2003–2013, as research source. Methods: This is an integrative review presented through six steps. By applying the inclusion criteria: full text available; Literature in the Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS) data base; Medical Literature Analysis, Retrieval System Online and Nursing database; disabled people as main subject; Portuguese language; publications between 2003-2013 and document in article format, 26 articles emerged. From these articles, 13 were analyzed, 02 did not discuss types of accessibility barriers on health services and 11 were repeated. Results: The emerging categories were the architectural, attitudinal and organizational barriers. Conclusion: The accessibility barriers can negatively influence disabled people in the seeking of health services.

Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis gestacional / Epidemiological profile of cases of gestational syphilis

Objetivo: traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis gestacional. Método: estudo descritivo do tipo seccional, de cunho documental. Utilizou-se os dados notificados no estado do Piauí entre 2010 e 2013, do Sistema de Informação de agravos de notificação (SINAN), disponíveis no Departamento de Informática do SUS(DATASUS). Resultados: verificou-se 388 casos de sífilis gestacional no estado do Piauí com desfecho de 193casos de sífilis congênita entre 2010 e 2013. O ano de 2012 concentrou o maior coeficiente de incidência. Entre as gestantes, 72,4% possuem 20 a 39 anos com faixa entre 5º e 8º séries incompletas (44,7%). Quanto aos casos de transmissão vertical, 82,4% realizaram pré-natal, 40,4% obtiveram diagnóstico de sífilis durante a gestação e em 22,3% houve tratamento concomitante do parceiro. Conclusão: a taxa de incidência apresentou valores crescentes entre os anos de estudo, com números superiores à meta estabelecida para eliminação da doença.

Powder lemon juice containing oligosaccharides obtained by dextransucrase acceptor reaction synthesis and dehydrated in sprouted bed.

Oligosaccharides can be synthesized using the sugars present in the fruit juices through the dextransucrase acceptor reaction. In the present work, the effect of reducing sugar and sucrose concentration on oligosaccharide formation in lemon juice was evaluated through response surface methodology. The oligosaccharide formation in lemon juice was favored at high concentrations of sucrose (75 g/L) and reducing sugar (75 g/L). At this synthesis conditions, an oligosaccharide concentration of 94.81 g/L was obtained with a conversion of 63.21% of the initial sugars into the target product. Oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization up to 11 were obtained. The lemon juice was dehydrated in spouted bed using maltodextrin as drying adjuvant. The powder obtained at 60°C with 20 % maltodextrin presented low moisture (2.24 %), low water activity (Aw = 0.18) and the lowest reconstitution time (~46 s). The results showed that lemon juice is suitable for oligosaccharides enzyme synthesis and can be dehydrated in spouted bed.

A exploração sexual infanto-juvenil sob a ótica de membros da população / La explotación sexual de niños, niñas y adolescentes desde la perspectiva de personas de la población / Sexual exploitation of children and adolescents from the perspective of population’s members

Este artigo versa sobre pesquisa desenvolvida em pontos de exploração sexual comercial de crianças e adolescentes (ESCCA) com pessoas adultas, membros da população, acerca do conhecimento que estes tinham a respeito da ESCCA. Foi usado um roteiro com questões abertas e fechadas que versavam sobre a percepção e o conhecimento da ESCCA, características dos envolvidos e formas de enfrentamento. Os dados revelaram que os 15 participantes da pesquisa têm conhecimento do problema e de suas nuanças, causas, características, perfil das crianças e adolescentes e exploradores, modalidades, locais, relação da ESCCA com outras atividades de trabalho e com as redes de exploração. Pode-se constatar que, embora alguns participantes acreditem que a forma de enfrentar a ESCCA resida em políticas públicas e constatem, na cidade objeto da pesquisa, a existência de políticas sociais, não acreditam na eficácia dessas políticas nem acreditam nas leis.(AU)

This article talks about a research developed in points of commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents with adults people members of the population about the knowledge they had about this kind of exploitation. It was used a guide with open and closed questions that contemplated the perception and the knowledge about the commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents, characteristics of involved and forms of facing. Data reveal that the 15 participants of the research have knowledge of the problematic and its nuances, causes, characteristics, profile of the children and adolescents and exploiters, modalities, locals, relation of commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents with others activities of work and with the webs of exploitation. It's possible to verify that, though some participants believe that the form to face commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents resides in public politics and verify in the city object of the research the existence of social politics, they don't believe in the efficacy of those politics, neither in Laws.(AU)

Este artículo presenta una investigación desarrollada junto a personas de la población, que realizan actividades profesionales en locales conocidos como puntos de explotación sexual comercial de niños, niñas y adolescentes (ESCCA), acerca de su conocimiento sobre esta modalidad de violencia. Se utilizó un guión con preguntas abiertas y cerradas que se centró en la percepción y en el conocimiento de la ESCCA, las características de los participantes y las formas de hacer frente. Los datos presentan que todos los participantes (15) son conscientes del problema, sus matices, causas, características, perfil de los niños, niñas y adolescentes y explotadores, además de las modalidades, locales, relación de la ESCCA con otras actividades de trabajo y las redes de explotación. Se constató que, aunque crean que la manera de abordar la ESCCA resida en las políticas públicas y perciban que, en la ciudad objeto de la investigación, hayan políticas sociales, no creen en la eficacia de esas políticas tan poco en las leyes.(AU)

A exploração sexual infanto-juvenil sob a ótica de membros da população / La explotación sexual de niños, niñas y adolescentes desde la perspectiva de personas de la población / Sexual exploitation of children and adolescents from the perspective of population’s members

Este artigo versa sobre pesquisa desenvolvida em pontos de exploração sexual comercial de crianças e adolescentes (ESCCA) com pessoas adultas, membros da população, acerca do conhecimento que estes tinham a respeito da ESCCA. Foi usado um roteiro com questões abertas e fechadas que versavam sobre a percepção e o conhecimento da ESCCA, características dos envolvidos e formas de enfrentamento. Os dados revelaram que os 15 participantes da pesquisa têm conhecimento do problema e de suas nuanças, causas, características, perfil das crianças e adolescentes e exploradores, modalidades, locais, relação da ESCCA com outras atividades de trabalho e com as redes de exploração. Pode-se constatar que, embora alguns participantes acreditem que a forma de enfrentar a ESCCA resida em políticas públicas e constatem, na cidade objeto da pesquisa, a existência de políticas sociais, não acreditam na eficácia dessas políticas nem acreditam nas leis.

This article talks about a research developed in points of commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents with adults people members of the population about the knowledge they had about this kind of exploitation. It was used a guide with open and closed questions that contemplated the perception and the knowledge about the commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents, characteristics of involved and forms of facing. Data reveal that the 15 participants of the research have knowledge of the problematic and its nuances, causes, characteristics, profile of the children and adolescents and exploiters, modalities, locals, relation of commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents with others activities of work and with the webs of exploitation. It's possible to verify that, though some participants believe that the form to face commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents resides in public politics and verify in the city object of the research the existence of social politics, they don't believe in the efficacy of those politics, neither in Laws.

Este artículo presenta una investigación desarrollada junto a personas de la población, que realizan actividades profesionales en locales conocidos como puntos de explotación sexual comercial de niños, niñas y adolescentes (ESCCA), acerca de su conocimiento sobre esta modalidad de violencia. Se utilizó un guión con preguntas abiertas y cerradas que se centró en la percepción y en el conocimiento de la ESCCA, las características de los participantes y las formas de hacer frente. Los datos presentan que todos los participantes (15) son conscientes del problema, sus matices, causas, características, perfil de los niños, niñas y adolescentes y explotadores, además de las modalidades, locales, relación de la ESCCA con otras actividades de trabajo y las redes de explotación. Se constató que, aunque crean que la manera de abordar la ESCCA resida en las políticas públicas y perciban que, en la ciudad objeto de la investigación, hayan políticas sociales, no creen en la eficacia de esas políticas tan poco en las leyes.