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Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has tremendous potential to advance healthcare by supporting and contributing to the evidence-based practice of medicine, personalizing patient treatment, reducing costs, and improving both healthcare provider and patient experience. Unlocking this potential requires systematic, quantitative evaluation of the performance of medical AI models on large-scale, heterogeneous data capturing diverse patient populations. Here, to meet this need, we introduce MedPerf, an open platform for benchmarking AI models in the medical domain. MedPerf focuses on enabling federated evaluation of AI models, by securely distributing them to different facilities, such as healthcare organizations. This process of bringing the model to the data empowers each facility to assess and verify the performance of AI models in an efficient and human-supervised process, while prioritizing privacy. We describe the current challenges healthcare and AI communities face, the need for an open platform, the design philosophy of MedPerf, its current implementation status and real-world deployment, our roadmap and, importantly, the use of MedPerf with multiple international institutions within cloud-based technology and on-premises scenarios. Finally, we welcome new contributions by researchers and organizations to further strengthen MedPerf as an open benchmarking platform.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: For dental professionals, including orthodontists, Quality of life (QOL) is a topic of growing concern and could be determined by objective and subjective complex factors. Objective: This study analyzed the factors that influence the QOL of orthodontists graduated between 1993 and 2016 of a public university (Medellín, Colombia). Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted (cross-sectional survey; 88 participants; 3 focus groups, 21 participants). Quantitative analysis: the research included sociodemographic, labor and health characteristics as independent variables and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire as main outcome for QOL. Frequencies were calculated and the association between QOL and independent variables was estimated by bivariate analysis (Chi square tests) and a linear multivariate regression. Qualitative analysis: Narrative content analysis according to thematic categories. Mixed methods: a conceptual framework for QOL using the triangulation was developed. Results: All the scores surpassed 55 points on the 4 domains of WHOQOL-BREF. A lower value was found in the physical dimension (57.1±10.7) and a greater value in the psychological dimension (70.8±8.3). The variables associated positively to QOL were permanent contract, teaching/research activities, monthly income, resting days per week and sex. Factors associated negatively were low social support, mental health and rent housing. Discourses of participants allowed to identify the concept of QOL and the contextual and social determinants and satisfiers. Conclusion: QOL of orthodontists is influenced by sociodemographic, employment, working and health factors. Therefore, QOL is a multidimensional concept that recognizes the political and socio-economic context and personal and professional experiences.
RESUMO Introdução: Entre os profissionais da área odontológica, incluindo os ortodontistas, a Qualidade de Vida (QOL) é um tópico de interesse crescente, podendo ser determinada por meio de complexos fatores objetivos e subjetivos. Objetivo: O presente estudo analisou fatores que influenciam a QOL dos ortodontistas graduados entre 1993 e 2016 em uma universidade pública (Medelín, Colômbia). Método: Foi conduzido um estudo de metodologia mista (pesquisa transversal; 88 participantes; 3 grupos focais, 21 participantes). Análise quantitativa: foram incluídas características sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de saúde como variáveis independentes e o questionário WHOQOL-BREF como resultado principal para QOL. As frequências foram calculadas e a associação entre QOL e as variáveis independentes foram estimadas por uma análise bivariada (teste qui-quadrado) e uma regressão linear multivariada. Análise qualitativa: análise do conteúdo narrativo de acordo com as categorias temáticas. Metodologia mista: foi desenvolvida uma estrutura conceitual para QOL utilizando a triangulação. Resultados: Todas as pontuações ultrapassaram 55 pontos nos 4 domínios do WHOQOL-BREF. Um valor mais baixo foi encontrado na dimensão física (57,1±10,7) e um valor mais alto, na dimensão psicológica (70,8±8,3). As variáveis associadas positivamente à QOL foram as seguintes: contrato permanente, atividades ensino/pesquisa, renda mensal, dias de descanso por semana e sexo. Os fatores associados negativamente foram baixo suporte social, saúde mental e morar de aluguel. O discurso dos participantes permitiu a identificação do conceito de QOL, dos determinantes contextuais e sociais, e os fatores motivacionais. Conclusão: A QOL dos ortodontistas é influenciada por fatores sociodemográficos, ocupacionais, ligados ao trabalho e à saúde. Dessa maneira, a QOL se apresenta como um conceito multidimensional, que reconhece o contexto político e socioeconômico, assim como as experiências pessoais e profissionais.
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Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Universidades , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Colômbia , OrtodontistasRESUMO
Objetivo: Identificar diferencias en las características sociodemográficas y clínicas entre hombres y mujeres suicidas en una muestra de Antioquia (Colombia). Método: Se estudiaron mediante autopsia psicológica 144 sujetos que se habían suicidado entre 2006 y 2007. Se determinaron las diferencias entre suicidas por sexos y las características que se asociaron de manera independiente con ser hombre o mujer. Resultados: Se identificaron diferencias significativas independientes del sexo. La manera de muerte con arma de fuego, vivir solo y suicidio bajo efectos del alcohol se asociaron con el sexo masculino; mientras, el suicidio en casa y dejar una nota previa se asociaron con el sexo femenino. Conclusiones: El presente estudio, realizado en población antioqueña, identificó diferencias en variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y características del acto suicida entre hombres y mujeres. A pesar de las limitaciones, los presentes hallazgos apuntan hacia la posibilidad de realizar intervenciones de salud mental de prevención del suicidio de mayor especificidad teniendo en cuenta el sexo de la población...
Objective: To identify differences in the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between suicidal men and women in a sample from Antioquia (Colombia). Method: 144 subjects who committed suicide between 2006 and 2007 were studied by means of a psychological autopsy. Gender differences and characteristics associated independently to being a man or a woman were determined. Results: Significant differences independent of sex were identified. Death by firearm, living alone and suicide under the effects of alcohol intoxication were associated with the male gender, whereas suicide at home and leaving a note were associated with the female gender. Conclusions: The present study identified differences in socio-demographic and clinical variables, and characteristics of the suicide act, between men and women. In spite of its limitations, the present findings point towards the possibility of carrying out more specific actions in suicide prevention by taking gender into account...
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Distribuição por Sexo , Suicídio , AutopsiaRESUMO
El avance vertiginoso de los sistemas en programas de 3-D y el maquinado de control numérico, han revolucionado el expresión gráfica como herramienta de excepción para la expresión del pensamiento abstracto ingenieril y guía de procesos de manufacturado. Mediante la aplicación del dibujo técnico: ensamblado y en explosión, y posteriormente pasado por dibujo asistido por computador (CAD) se diseña el prototipo de una mano derecha que incluye el equivalente a la articulación del cuerpo, para luego proceder a maquinado manual y evaluación mecánica comparada del modelo, el cual cumple con el 92 por ciento de los movimientos de la mano...