Sphingolipidoses in Morocco: Chemical profiling for an affordable and rapid diagnosis strategy.

Sphingolipidoses are a group of metabolic diseases in which lysosomal hydrolases dysfunction disrupt normal sphingolipids' metabolism, leading to excess accumulation in cellular compartments and excretion in urine. These pathologies represent a significant burden among Moroccan population, for which an easy access to enzymatic assays and genetic tests is not guaranteed. Parallel analytical methods thus have to be developed for preliminary screening. In this study, 107 patients were addressed to the metabolic platform of the Marrakesh Faculty of Medicine for diagnosis confirmation. Thin-Layer Chromatography was used as a first step to perform chemical profiling of the patients' urinary lipids, allowing 36% of the patients to be efficiently oriented towards the adequate enzymatic assay. UPLC-MS/MS analyses of urinary sulfatides excreted in urines patient had been used to control the reliability of TLC analysis and to obtain more accurate information related to the sulfatides isoforms. This analytical process combining TLC with UPLC-MS/MS has enabled rapid and appropriate patient management in a reduced time and with reduced resources.

The perspective of pharmacist on pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting in Asir region, Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are widespread worldwide, and their intervention is critical to patient safety and healthcare quality. Pharmacists are essential in monitoring and reporting ADRs, directly influencing patient care. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of ADRs among pharmacists and their knowledge regarding ADRs, including the factors affecting ADR reporting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From September 2021 to November 2021, a cross-sectional survey among pharmacists in the Asir area of Saudi Arabia was planned. This study involved contacting 97 pharmacists using a cluster sampling method. The study's goals were met using a 25-item self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS: Ninety-seven pharmacists (male 53.6% and female 46.4%) completed the survey. More than three-fourths of the participants (78.4%) know the ADR reporting system. The survey was completed by 97 pharmacists (male 53.6% and female 46.4%). More than three-quarters of the participants (78.4%) were aware of the ADR reporting system, and the majority (70.8%) were aware that it is done using an online system. Still, only 56.7% knew that the Saudi FDA is the regulatory agency collecting ADR data in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, 73.2% cited stress in the workplace as a critical deterrent to reporting. Most respondents (76.3%) had an unfavorable attitude about reporting ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists understand ADR reporting, but most lack the mentality to report the incidents. As a result, comprehensive and ongoing training for pharmacists is required to raise awareness of the need for ADR reporting.