Role of Proopiomelanocortin in Preventing Miscarriage.

Objective: To compare the distribution of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in decidua and placenta samples from missed abortion and voluntary termination cases in order to research the effects in the etiology of missed abortion. Study Design: Decidual materials were collected from patients who were diagnosed with missed abortion (n=19) and legal voluntary termination cases (n=15) under 10 gestational weeks. Materials were divided into 2 groups for examination. For all samples, POMC primary antibody was performed by immunohistochemical staining. The number of stained cells was calculated by using the H-score technique. Results: In the missed abortion group the mean age was 28.7 (18­41), and in the control group the mean age was 27.5 (21­37). POMC immunoreactivity was determined to be lower in the parenchyma and placenta of the missed abortion group than those of the control group. POMC immunoreactivities were found to be higher in both the syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells of the missed abortion group than those of the control group (p<0.005). Conclusion: POMC has become a paradigmatic polypeptide precursor and has a role in the parturition process. Local production of POMC in placenta and decidua may influence pregnancy and may have a role in missed abortion pathogenesis.

Distribution of furin, TNF-α, and TGF-ß2 in the endometrium of missed abortion and voluntary first trimester termination cases.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of furin, TNF-α, and TGF-ß2 in human missed abortion pathogenesis. STUDY DESIGN: Decidual materials were collected from patients diagnosed with a missed abortion (n = 10) (missed abortion group) and from legal voluntary termination cases at < 10 gestational weeks (n = 10) (normal pregnancy group). Tissue samples were collected from each group by dilation and curettage under mask anesthesia. For all tissue samples,furin, TNF-α, and TGF-ß2 primary antibodies were performed by immunohistochemical staining. The number of stained cells was evaluated by using the H-score technique. RESULTS: In immunohistochemical examination, the immunoreactivities of furin, TNF-α, and TGF-ß2 were found to be higher in syncytiotrophoblastic cells in the missed abortion group than in the normal pregnancy group (p < 0.005). Additionally, high immunoreactivity of TNF-α and TGF-ß2 molecules was established only in cytotrophoblastic cells of missed abortions (p < 0.005) in examination at decidual cells of the missed abortion group; furin immunoreactivities were detected higher in the missed abortion group than in the control group, but TNF-α and TGF-ß2 immunoreactivity were increased in number in the normal pregnancy group (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: It is considered that high levels offurin and the 2 furin-related proteins (TNF-α and TGF-ß2), which play important roles in proliferation, invasion, migration, differentiation, and survival of cells, may be the reason of proceeding decidualization, placentation, and prevention from abortion, in spite of terminating thefetal life.