RESUMO
Aortic coarctation is a congenital heart disease that causes an increased left ventricular afterload, resulting in increased systolic parietal tension, compensatory hypertrophy, and left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The speckle tracking is a new echocardiographic technique that allows the detection of subclinic left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The aim of this study was to detect early left ventricular dysfunction using mechanical deformation by echocardiography in adults with un-repaired aortic coarctation. A total of 41 subjects were studied, 20 patients with aortic coarctation and 21 control subjects, 21 women (51.2%), with an average age of 30 ± 10 years. All patients with aortic coarctation had systemic arterial hypertension (p < 0.001). Seventy percent (14/20) of the patients had bicuspid aortic valve. Statistically significance (p < 0.005) were found in left ventricular mass index, E/e ratio, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and peak velocity and maximum gradient of the aortic valve. The global longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle in patients with aortic coarctation was significative decreased, p < 0.001. The ejection fraction and the global longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle were significantly lower in patients with aortic coarctation compared to the control group, p < 0.003, p < 0.001, respectively. The subgroup of patients with coarctation and left ventricular ejection fraction < 55% had a marked decrease in global longitudinal strain (- 15.9 ± 4%). The radial deformation was increased in patients with aortic coarctation and showed a trend to be significant (r = 0.421; p < 0.06). A significant negative correlation was observed between the global longitudinal deformation and left ventricular mass index (r = 0.54; p = 0.01) in the aortic coarctation group. The patients with aortic coarctation and left ventricular hypertrophy had marked reduction of left ventricular global longitudinal deformation (- 16%, p < 0.05). In our study patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction had abnormal global longitudinal deformation and also the increased left ventricular mass was related with a decreased left ventricular global longitudinal deformation as a sign of subclinical systolic dysfunction.
Assuntos
Coartação Aórtica/complicações , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Contração Miocárdica , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Adulto , Coartação Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Coartação Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Volume Sistólico , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologia , Remodelação Ventricular , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This is a case of a 37-year-old woman with uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot with the absence of pulmonary valve and history of heart murmur in childhood who did not have a medical approach. At 29 years of age she started with dyspnoea that in the last 7 months progressed to be of small effort and also referred increase of the abdominal perimeter.
Assuntos
Ascite/complicações , Dispneia/etiologia , Valva Pulmonar/anormalidades , Tetralogia de Fallot/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of early left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in adult patients with aortic coarctation (AoCo) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) compared to systemic hypertensive patients without coarctation and healthy controls by speckle tracking. Methods: Sixty-one subjects were studied, who attended consecutively to external consultation. All were submitted to clinical history, resting electrocardiogram, conventional echocardiogram and with Speckle Tracking. Results: 15 patients with AoCo and SAH were in functional class NYHA I, and five in functional class NYHA II. A significant inverse correlation was observed between the global longitudinal deformation and the left ventricular mass index in the AoCo and SAH group and in the hypertensive patients (r = 0.53, p = 0.02; r = 0.52, p < 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with AoCo and SAH, global longitudinal deformation and left ventricular mass index are significantly related to subclinical LV dysfunction. These parameters are important and should be taken into account to regulate timely therapeutic behavior.