Midwifery students' satisfaction with simulation-based education and associated factors among governmental universities in Amhara region, Ethiopia 2022.

BACKGROUND: Simulation is a method of learning in which the learner experiences a simulated situation instead of being physically present in the clinical area. Exposing students to simulation-based education improves learners' clinical competence and ability to make decisions, which are crucial for today's health workforce. When given the proper circumstances, such as receiving feedback on their performance, having the chance for repeated practice, and having simulation as a core component of the curriculum, simulated instruction greatly aids in learning. Although previous studies have been conducted in this area, there are gaps in determining the factors related to their learning environment and design characteristics. METHOD: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 midwifery students in Amhara region universities from August 1-30, 2022. Study participants were selected via a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected from third and fourth-year undergraduate midwifery students through a self-administered questionnaire. Epi Data version 4.6 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed; a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant in the study. RESULT: This study revealed that 84.7% (95% CI: 81.1-88.3) of midwifery students in Amhara region universities were satisfied with simulation-based education. Year of study [AOR: 2.936; 95% CI (1.531-5.631)], adequate support [AOR: 2.903; 95% CI (1.217-6.922)], availability of instructors [AOR = 2.861, 95% CI (1.078-7.591)], and provision of checklists [AOR: 2.326; 95% CI (1.143-4.734)] were found to be statistically significant variables. CONCLUSION: This study revealed undergraduate midwifery students were more satisfied with simulation-based education compared with previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. Predictor variables such as year of study, support, instructor availability, and provision of checklists were significantly associated with student satisfaction. Hence, midwifery departments should strengthen the support given by staff, encourage their instructors to be available during simulations, improve the utilization and provision of checklists to students as much as possible.

Male partners involvement in human immune deficiency virus testing and counseling during prenatal care visits in Bichena town Westcentral Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: Transmission of the Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) from mother to child remains a significant problem in developing countries. Male partners' involvement in HIV testing and counseling is a major entry point for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. This study aimed to assess male partners' involvement in HIV testing and counseling during prenatal care visits in Bichena town, Westcentral Ethiopia. RESULTS: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 1/2018 to June 15/2019 among 406 male partners. Less than half (41.38%) [95% CI: 36.20-46.10%] of the male partners were involved in HIV testing and counseling. In multivariable analysis male partners who are found in the age group of 20-29 years, secondary, and diploma and above educational level, good knowledge of the services provided in the prenatal care visits, male partners whose wife had ≥ 4 prenatal care visits, good knowledge of mother to child transmission (MTCT) and PMTCT of HIV, entering the prenatal care room together with his wife, discussing maternal health issue with health care providers, and travel < 15 min to reach a nearby health facility were associated with male partners involvement in HIV testing and counseling.

Factors associated with timely initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the timely initiation of Antenatal Care and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia. DESIGN: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted. METHODS: Data were collected on 804 pregnant women from 20 February to 27 March 2017. Face-to-face interview through systematic sampling technique was applied. Binary logistic regression was performed using SPSS software version 21, and the level of significance of association was determined at p-value <0.05 with a 95%confidence interval. RESULTS: This study identified 44.2% of pregnant women started their first antenatal care timely. Maternal secondary and above level of education AOR = 7.07 (95% CI: 4.41, 11.35)), age at first pregnancy >18 years AOR = 2.77 (95% CI: 1.39, 5.57) and having information about the correct time of ANC booking AOR = 3.14 (95% CI: 1.67, 5.92) were significantly associated with timely commencement to first antenatal care.

Consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV positive clients attending ART clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects a highly significant number of people and is responsible for the deaths of many people in sub-Saharan African countries alone. The best prevention method for this virus is through consistent condom utilization which can help to prevent drug-resistant HIV infection and acquisition of new infection. Therefore, this study aimed to assess consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive individuals attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia in 2020. METHODS: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 HIV-positive individuals who have follow-up in the Pawi general hospital antiretroviral therapy clinics, from January to February 2020. The study subjects were reached using a systematic sampling technique and data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were performed using epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 respectively. Binary and multivariable analyses with a 95% confidence level were performed. In the final model, variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 419 antiretroviral therapy study participants were participated in the study with a response rate of 100%. In this finding, the consistent condom utilization rate was 49.2% [95% CI: 42.2-56.5%]. After controlling for possible confounding factors, the results showed that place of residence [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.45], marital status [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.67], number of partners [AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55] and level of education [AOR = 5.33, 95% CI: 1.57, 18.08] were associated factors of consistent condom utilization. CONCLUSION: Consistent condom utilization among HIV-positive clients attending antiretroviral therapy clinics at Pawi general hospital was low. Residence, marital status, level of education and number of partners were significantly associated factors of consistent condom use. Health education program and counseling services should be started to increase knowledge about way of transmission and appropriate use of condoms, increase self-efficacy towards condom use and reduction in the number of sexual partners.

Proportion and Associated Factors of Nonreassuring Fetal Heart Rate Patterns in Finote Selam Primary Hospital, North West Ethiopia.

INTRODUCTION: Nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns (NRFHRP) suggest fetal conciliation or a deteriorating ability to handle the stress of labor. Nearly half of stillbirths occurring worldwide are due to hypoxia which is primarily manifested by NRFHRP. Hence, this study assessed the proportion and associated factors of NRFHRP in the Finote Selam primary hospital, North West Ethiopia. METHODS: An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 1, 2019, on 364 charts of mothers who gave birth from January 2017 to January 2018 at the Finote Selam primary hospital. A computer-based simple random sampling technique was used to select charts. A secondary data was collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from different literatures. The data was entered and analyzed using Epi Info version 7 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Binary logistic regression was executed, and all explanatory variables with p value < 0.2 were entered into multivariable logistic regressions. Multivariable logistic regression was used to control the effect of confounding variables and to identify factors affecting NRFHRP. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were computed, and statistical significance was declared if p < 0.05. RESULT: Out of 364 total deliveries, NRFHRP was detected on 55 (15.1%) fetuses, and the commonest NRFHRP detected was bradycardia 44 (80%). Most NRFHRP (38.18%) occurred on the deceleration phase of labor. There was no identified possible cause for NRFHRP on 34.5% of cases. Referral from nearby health institutions [AOR = 2.832 (95% CI 1.457, 5.503)], primigravida [AOR = 2.722 (95% CI 1.377, 5.381)], augmentation of labor [AOR = 3.664 (95% CI 1.782, 7.534)], and meconium-stained amniotic fluid [AOR = 6.491 (95% CI 3.198, 13.173)] were significantly associated with NRFHRP. CONCLUSION: The proportion of NRFHRP is high. Referral from nearby health institutions, primigravida mothers, augmentation of labor, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid were significantly associated with NRFHRP. Implementing a better referral link and close monitoring during follow-up could minimize NHFHRP.

Surgical site infection and its associated factors following cesarean section: a cross sectional study from a public hospital in Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: A cesarean section is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a woman's abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby. Surgical site infections are a common surgical complication among patients delivered with cesarean section. Further it caused to increase maternal morbidity, stay of hospital and the cost of treatment. METHODS: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the magnitude of surgical site infection following cesarean Site Infections and its associated factors at Lemlem Karl hospital July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2016. Retrospective card review was done on 384 women who gave birth via cesarean section at Lemlem Karl hospital from July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2016. Systematic sampling technique was used to select patient medical cards. The data were entered by Epi info version 7.2 then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences windows version 20. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to test association between predictors and dependent variables. P value of < 0.05 was considered to declare the presence of statistically significantly association. RESULTS: Among 384 women who performed cesarean section, the magnitude of surgical site infection following cesarean section Infection was 6.8%. The identified independent risk factors for surgical site infections were the duration of labor AOR=3.48; 95%CI (1.25, 9.68), rupture of membrane prior to cesarean section AOR=3.678; 95%CI (1.13, 11.96) and the abdominal midline incision (AOR=5.733; 95%CI (2.05, 16.00). CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of surgical site infection following cesarean section is low compare to other previous studies. The independent associated factors for surgical site infection after cesarean section in this study: Membranes rupture prior to cesarean section, duration of labor and sub umbilical abdominal incision. In addition to ensuring sterile environment and aseptic surgeries, use of WHO surgical safety checklist would appear to be a very important intervention to reduce surgical site infections.

Assessment of duration of staying free from acquiring rehappening opportunistic infections among pre-ART people living with HIV/AIDS between 2008 and 2013.

Introduction. In regional state of the study area, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) prevalence is 2.2% and opportunistic infections (OIs) occurred in 88.9% of pre-ART (Antiretroviral Therapy) people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Even though OIs are prevalent in the study area, duration of staying free from acquiring rehappening opportunistic infections and its determinant factors are not studied. Method. The study was conducted in randomly selected 341 adult Pre-ART PLWHA who are included in chronic HIV care. OI free duration was estimated using the actuarial life table and Kaplan Meier survival. Cox proportional-hazard model was used to calculate hazard rate. Result. OIs were rediagnosed in three quarters (75.37%) participants. In each week the probability of getting new recurrence OI was about 15.04 per 1000 person weeks. The median duration of not acquiring OI recurrence was 54 weeks. After adjustment, variables associated with recurrence were employment status, marital status, exposure for prophylaxis and adherence to it, CD4 count, and hemoglobin value. Conclusion. Giving prophylaxis and counseling to adhere it, rise in CD4 and hemoglobin level, and enhancing job opportunities should be given for PLWHA who are on chronic HIV care while continuing the care.