Sarcoidosis presenting as isolated gingival enlargement: a rare case entity.

Sarcoidosis is a non-caseating granulomatous disease . It is a multiorgan inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Conditions affecting skin or other organs frequently involve oral cavity and rarely manifest as gingival disease. Here we are reporting a rare case in which gingival hyperplasia was the initial symptom which finally led to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Oral mucous membrane needs to be examined carefully as it may constitute in presenting first sign of systemic sarcoidosis.

Garlic burn as self-inflicted mucosal injury--a case report and review of the literature.

Garlic is considered a valuable herbal medicine and has been used for centuries for treatment of various ailments. Along with its benefits comes some adverse effects. The present case describes chemical burn of oral mucosa caused by crushed garlic. To relieve toothache, the patient placed crushed garlic cloves in the buccal vestibule overnight and developed garlic burn injury manifesting as slough and ulceration in that region. Diagnosis was made on the basis of definitive history elicited from the patient. Topical anesthetic and antibacterial agents were advised for local application, and systemic analgesic was prescribed. The patient was referred to the Department of Endodontics for further treatment of the toothache. Garlic burn should be considered in the differential diagnosis for chemical burn if the burn is not found to be associated with other common factors, and history taking should include questions regarding use of herbal products, home remedies, and alternative medicine. Possible adverse effects of these methods should be considered.

Esthetic management of the upper labial frenum: a novel frenectomy technique.

An abnormal upper labial frenum is capable of retracting the gingival margin, creating a diastema, limiting lip movement, and in cases of a high smile line, affecting esthetics also. When an abnormal frenum is present, frenectomy is advised. This technique has been modified in many ways. But in most of the techniques the zone of attached gingiva and esthetics are not considered. This case report highlights a new technique of frenectomy that results in good esthetics, excellent color match, gain in attached gingiva, and healing by primary intention at the site of the thick, extensive abnormal frenum.