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1.
Can J Hosp Pharm ; 77(1): e3373, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38482388

RESUMO

Background: Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The Canadian Cardiovascular Society and Canadian Heart Failure Society have defined guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) as 4 foundational medications. Despite strong recommendations for use of GDMT in HFrEF, current practice alignment with guidelines is unknown. Objectives: The primary objectives were to determine the proportion of patients for whom optimized GDMT for HFrEF was prescribed, to describe the doses of foundational medications achieved, and to describe any documented rationale limiting the optimization of GDMT. The secondary objectives were to describe documented pharmacist activities outside of scheduled multidisciplinary appointments at the heart function clinic (HFC) and to describe heart failure-related hospital encounters in 2021. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using medical records of patients with HFrEF who were receiving treatment at the Regina HFC as of December 31, 2021, was conducted. Results: Of the 129 patients included in the study, 61 (47.3%) were prescribed optimized GDMT. Specifically, within the individual foundational medication classes, 82.2% (106/129), 80.6% (104/129), 79.1% (102/129), and 74.4% (96/129) of patients received optimized therapy with a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, ß-blocker, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, respectively. Documented rationale was not available in 35.8% (38/106) of instances of suboptimal utilization of GDMT and in 41.7% (60/144) of instances of suboptimal dosing of GDMT. The most common documented rationale for suboptimal utilization was intolerance to the medication (33.0% [35/106]), and the most common rationale for suboptimal dosing was intolerance to dose increases (57.6% [83/144]). Pharmacists documented a total of 553 patient care activities for 58.9% (76/129) of the patients, outside scheduled multidisciplinary appointments in the HFC. Sixteen patients (12.4%) had heart failure-related hospital encounters a total of 31 times in 2021. Conclusions: Although many patients were receiving the benefits of multidisciplinary care at the Regina HFC, there remained a treatment gap in the use of GDMT for HFrEF. These findings will be used to inform strategies to improve clinic processes, including efficient identification of patients requiring optimization of GDMT, who would benefit the most from multidisciplinary care.


Contexte: La pharmacothérapie est la pierre angulaire du traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque avec fraction d'éjection réduite (ICFEr). La Société cardiovasculaire du Canada et la Société canadienne d'insuffisance cardiaque ont défini le traitement médical fondé sur les lignes directrices (TMFLD) selon 4 médicaments fondamentaux. Malgré de fortes recommandations pour l'utilisation du TMFLD dans l'ICFEr, l'alignement actuel de la pratique sur les lignes directrices est inconnu. Objectifs: Les objectifs principaux étaient de déterminer la proportion de patients pour lesquels un TMFLD optimisé pour l'ICFEr avait été prescrit, de décrire les doses obtenues et de décrire les justifications documentées limitant l'optimisation du TMFLD. Les objectifs secondaires, quant à eux, étaient de décrire les activités documentées du pharmacien en dehors des rendez-vous prévus à la clinique multidisciplinaire de fonction cardiaque et de recenser les consultations hospitalières liées à l'insuffisance cardiaque au cours de l'année civile 2021. Méthodes: Cette étude de cohorte rétrospective se basait sur les dossiers médicaux de patients atteints d'ICFEr qui recevaient un traitement à la clinique de fonction cardiaque de Regina au 31 décembre 2021. Résultats: Sur les 129 patients inclus dans l'étude, 61 d'entre eux (47,3 %) ont reçu un TMFLD optimisé. Plus précisément, en ce qui concerne les classes de médicaments fondamentaux, 82,2 % (106/129) ont reçu un traitement optimal avec un inhibiteur du système rénine-angiotensine, 80,6 % (104/129) avec un antagoniste des récepteurs minéralocorticoïdes, 79,1 % (102/129) avec un ß-bloquant et 74,4 % (96/129) avec un inhibiteur sodique du cotransporteur de glucose 2. Dans 35,8 % (38/106) des cas d'utilisation sous-optimale du TMFLD et dans 41,7 % (60/144) des cas de dosage sous-optimal de celui-ci, la justification documentée était indisponible. Lorsqu'elles étaient documentées, les justifications les plus courantes étaient l'intolérance, respectivement, à l'utilisation d'un médicament (33.0% [35/106]) et à l'augmentation de la dose (57,6 % [83/144]). Les pharmaciens ont consigné un total de 553 activités de soins aux patients pour 58,9 % (76/129) des patients en dehors des rendez-vous multidisciplinaires prévus dans la clinique de fonction cardiaque. Seize (12,4 %) des patients ont été hospitalisés pour une insuffisance cardiaque 31 fois au total en 2021. Conclusion: Bien que de nombreux patients bénéficiaient des soins multidisciplinaires à la clinique de fonction cardiaque de Regina, une lacune subsistait dans le traitement par rapport à l'utilisation du TMFLD pour l'ICFEr. Ces résultats seront utilisés pour éclairer les stratégies visant à améliorer les processus cliniques, y compris l'identification efficace des patients nécessitant une optimisation du TMFLD, qui bénéficieraient le plus de soins multidisciplinaires.

2.
Can J Diabetes ; 46(4): 381-387.e4, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35490094

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The effects of switching Canadians from other basal insulins to degludec (IDeg) in an outpatient setting are unknown. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of switching insulin-treated adults with either type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus to IDeg. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of Albertans who were switched to IDeg between December 1, 2018, and December 1, 2019, and followed until March 1, 2020. We used administrative databases (provincial cohort) and electronic medical records (clinic cohort) to gather data and interrupted time series for the primary outcome analysis. RESULTS: We analyzed a provincial cohort of 5,294 patients, 287 of whom were also included in the clinic cohort (T1DM, n=80; T2DM, n=207). After switching to IDeg, glycated hemoglobin (A1C) decreased by -0.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.4% to -0.2%) and the reduction in A1C was maintained throughout the follow-up period. Rates of all-cause hospitalizations/emergency department visits per patient were not affected (hospitalizations pre-switch 0.07 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.08], post-switch 0.08 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.09], p=0.45; ED visits pre-switch 0.25 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.27], post-switch 0.26 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.29], p=0.27). In the clinic cohort, at switch, there was an average basal insulin dose reduction of 11.2% (T1DM), 12.3% (T2DM) and 16.3% (patients with insulin resistance). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with inadequate glycemic control or who find their basal insulin dosing inconvenient may benefit from switching to Ideg, with the potential for small improvementa in A1C at lower basal insulin doses.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Hipoglicemiantes , Insulina de Ação Prolongada , Adulto , Glicemia , Canadá , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Substituição de Medicamentos , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Insulina Glargina/uso terapêutico , Insulina de Ação Prolongada/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos
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