RESUMO
This is the first study to show the genetic identity of the Altai-Sayan population of the forest reindeer of the Kuznetsk Alatau (Rangifer tarandus valentinae). The population is characterized by the existence of unique mitochondrial lines, the absence of signs of introgression of domestic rein deer mtDNA, as well as a low level of genetic diversity. In the sample studied, only two nucleotide substitutions (both of them transitions) were revealed, the nucleotide diversity (0.0015 ± 0.00136) was almost ten times lower than in most populations of wild reindeer in Russia and was comparable only with that of some wild reindeer populations of Norway and Svalbard. The haplotype diversity (h) was also relatively low (0.615 ± 0.102).
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Variação Genética/genética , Rena/genética , Animais , Florestas , Haplótipos/genética , Federação RussaRESUMO
Genetic diversity ofwild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) inhabiting the European part of Russia, including Komi Republic, Arkhangelsk oblast, Murmansk oblast, and the Republic of Karelia was characterized using sequence polymorphism of the mtDNA control region. Despite of currently low population number of wild reindeer, they were characterized by a high level of genetic diversity (pi = 0.018; H= 0.872 to 0.914). Phylogenetic analysis showed close relationships between European reindeer and wild reindeer of Siberia. In reindeer from Murmansk oblast a haplotype in common with the wild reindeer form Southwestern Norway was described. The reindeer sample examined contained no haplotypes earlier described for the reindeer of Central Norway. It is suggested that in recent past wild reindeer from the European north of Russia formed one population with the reindeer from the north of the Asian part of Eurasia.
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial , Polimorfismo Genético , Rena/genética , Animais , Variação Genética , Haplótipos/genética , Região de Controle de Locus Gênico , Noruega , Filogenia , Federação Russa , SibériaRESUMO
Based on an analysis of the polymorphism of nucleotide sequences (n = 111) of the control region (left domain) of mtDNA, the genetic diversity of the largest population of wild reindeer Rangifer tarandus in Eurasia, which inhabits Taimyr peninsula, was studied. High levels of gaplotypic (H) and nucleotide (pi) diversity (0.987 and 0.018, respectively) were revealed, which indicate the long existence of this population and the sufficiently stable growth of the population. The absence of long periods of abrupt decrease in the number of the Taimyr population of wild reindeer and/or facts of formation of its genetic diversity as a result of mixing of genetically distant conspecific populations is supported by the data on the distribution pattern of frequencies of pair differences between nucleotide sequences and the topology of the phylogenetic tree. The low level of genetic differences between reindeer from the western, central, and eastern groups reflects their common origin and close kinship.
