Dysautonomia in people with epilepsy: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases and has high morbidity and mortality. Multiple methods for assessing dysautonomia have been reported; however, the patient characteristics and epilepsy features that drive any method selection are unclear. People with epilepsy (PWE) can experience sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and one reason can be dysautonomia. If dysautonomia can be detected in PWE before a severe event, then it could complement and redirect patient treatment and monitoring. OBJECTIVE: To map the available literature on dysautonomia in PWE and describe patients' characteristics and methods used to evaluate dysautonomia. METHODS: We performed a scoping literature review. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and hand searched starting from the first registry in the literature until August 2019. Studies were independently assessed by three authors and two epileptologists. We present data in tables and summarize information according to the following structure: population, concepts, and context. RESULTS: Thirty-five studies were included in the analysis with epidemiological designs including case reports (23), cross-sectional studies (4), case‒controls (7), and cohort studies (1). A total of 618 patients were enrolled. Heart rate variability, arrhythmia, blood pressure, the tilt-table test, polysomnography, respiratory function, and magnetic resonance imaging were the methods most commonly used to assess dysautonomia in PWE. A detailed description of the heart rate variability assessment is presented. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a broad description of the available literature identifying clinical findings, the most frequently reported assessment measurements of dysautonomia, in temporal lobe epilepsy and extratemporal epilepsies.

Calidad de vida y percepción de apoyo social en personas con HIV en Bogotá, Colombia / Quality of life and perceived social support in people with HIV in Bogotá, Colombia

Introducción. En estudios llevados a cabo en países desarrollados se ha establecido que las personas con HIV/sida refieren tener una menos calidad de vida y menor apoyo social. Objetivo. Explorar la asociación entre la percepción del apoyo social afectivo o de personas de confianza y cada dimensión de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con HIV/sida en Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de corte transversal en personas con HIV/sida seleccionadas por conveniencia, en el marco de un programa de atención en una red hospitalaria de Bogotá. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud SF36 y el cuestionario genérico de apoyo social funcional Duke-UNC-11. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal en el análisis. Resultados. Se evidenció una relación directa entre la dimensión del bienestar emocional de la calidad de vida, el apoyo social afectivo (ß=7,36; IC95% 1,04-13,68) y el de personas de confianza (ß=11,63; IC95% 5,30-17,96), así como entre las dimensiones de la función física, el desempeño emocional y el dolor corporal y la percepción del apoyo social de tipo afectivo, y entre el apoyo social de personas de confianza y las dimensiones de la vitalidad y la función social. Se encontró una relación inversa entre los promedios de los puntajes de las dimensiones de desempeño emocional, desempeño físico y salud general y la percepción del apoyo social de tipo afectivo con la primera dimensión y el de personas de confianza con las dos últimas. Conclusiones. Los sujetos con una mejor percepción del apoyo social reportaron una mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, lo cual puede servir de base para la planeación, el diseño y la implementación de planes de atención médica que incorporen variables clínicas, paraclínicas y del entorno del paciente.

Introduction: People living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries tend to have a lower quality of life and less social support compared with those in developed countries. Objective: To explore the association between affective social support or social support generating confidence and each dimension of the quality of life related to health among people with HIV/AIDS from Bogotá. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of people living with HIV/AIDS using convenience sampling of a care program in a hospital network in Bogotá. The quality of life questionnaire SF36 and the generic social support questionnaire Duke-UNC-11 were used, along with linear regression models for the analyses. Results: There was a direct relationship between the emotional well-being dimension of quality of life and the social support systems of affectivity (ß =7.36;95% CI: 1.04; 13.68) and those generating confidence (ß =11.63;95% CI: 5.30; 17.96). There was a correlation between the dimensions of physical function, emotional performance, pain, and perceived affective social support. Likewise, we detected relations between the perception of social support generating confidence and the dimensions of vitality and social function. Contrarily, we found an inverse relationship between the averages of the dimension of emotional performance and the perceived affective social support, as well as between the dimension of physical performance and general health with social support generating confidence. Conclusions: Subjects with higher levels of social support had higher levels of quality of life related to health. This finding offers an opportunity for the design and implementation of healthcare plans that incorporate clinical, para-clinical and environmental variables of the patient.

Quality of life and perceived social support in people with HIV in Bogotá, Colombia / Calidad de vida y percepción de apoyo social en personas con HIV en Bogotá, Colombia

Introduction: People living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries tend to have a lower quality of life and less social support compared with those in developed countries. Objective: To explore the association between affective social support or social support generating confidence and each dimension of the quality of life related to health among people with HIV/AIDS from Bogotá. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of people living with HIV/AIDS using convenience sampling of a care program in a hospital network in Bogotá. The quality of life questionnaire SF36 and the generic social support questionnaire Duke-UNC-11 were used, along with linear regression models for the analyses. Results: There was a direct relationship between the emotional well-being dimension of quality of life and the social support systems of affectivity (ß =7.36;95% CI: 1.04; 13.68) and those generating confidence (ß =11.63;95% CI: 5.30; 17.96). There was a correlation between the dimensions of physical function, emotional performance, pain, and perceived affective social support. Likewise, we detected relations between the perception of social support generating confidence and the dimensions of vitality and social function. Contrarily, we found an inverse relationship between the averages of the dimension of emotional performance and the perceived affective social support, as well as between the dimension of physical performance and general health with social support generating confidence. Conclusions: Subjects with higher levels of social support had higher levels of quality of life related to health. This finding offers an opportunity for the design and implementation of healthcare plans that incorporate clinical, para-clinical and environmental variables of the patient.

Introducción. En estudios llevados a cabo en países desarrollados se ha establecido que las personas con HIV/sida refieren tener una menos calidad de vida y menor apoyo social.Objetivo. Explorar la asociación entre la percepción del apoyo social afectivo o de personas de confianza y cada dimensión de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con HIV/sida en Bogotá.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de corte transversal en personas con HIV/sida seleccionadas por conveniencia, en el marco de un programa de atención en una red hospitalaria de Bogotá. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud SF36 y el cuestionario genérico de apoyo social funcional Duke-UNC-11. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal en el análisis.Resultados. Se evidenció una relación directa entre la dimensión del bienestar emocional de la calidad de vida, el apoyo social afectivo (ß=7,36; IC95% 1,04-13,68) y el de personas de confianza (ß=11,63; IC95% 5,30-17,96), así como entre las dimensiones de la función física, el desempeño emocional y el dolor corporal y la percepción del apoyo social de tipo afectivo, y entre el apoyo social de personas de confianza y las dimensiones de la vitalidad y la función social. Se encontró una relación inversa entre los promedios de los puntajes de las dimensiones de desempeño emocional, desempeño físico y salud general y la percepción del apoyo social de tipo afectivo con la primera dimensión y el de personas de confianza con las dos últimas.Conclusiones. Los sujetos con una mejor percepción del apoyo social reportaron una mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, lo cual puede servir de base para la planeación, el diseño y la implementación de planes de atención médica que incorporen variables clínicas, paraclínicas y del entorno del paciente.

Factors associated with Allergic Rhinitis in Colombian subpopulations aged 1 to 17 and 18 to 59.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown variations in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) around the world, and different potential predisposing factors. More studies are needed on risk factors, specifically in developing countries. This study explored the association of several factors and AR among urban residents in six cities of Colombia. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study and a nested case-control study were carried out between 2009 and 2010 involving two Colombian subpopulations: children/adolescents and adults. Cases were affirmative respondents to "In the past 12 months, have you (or your child) had a problem with sneezing or a running or blocked nose, when you (or your child) did not have a cold or the flu?" "Controls" were subjects who never had been diagnosed with asthma, AR or atopic eczema by a physician, and whom did not report any symptoms in the past twelve months. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the association of different factors with case/control status. RESULTS: Factors associated with AR in children/adolescents were family history of AR, acetaminophen consumption and high socioeconomic status. Among adults, family history of asthma, AR and atopic eczema, and cetaminophen consumption were associated with AR. Consumption of cereals among children/adolescents and eating eggs among adults showed protective associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest the presence of previously unknown cultural, environmental and family factors associated with the presence of AR in Colombia.

Prevalence of asthma and other allergic conditions in Colombia 2009-2010: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: While it is suggested that the prevalence of asthma in developed countries may have stabilized, this is not clear in currently developing countries. Current available information for both adults and children simultaneously on the burden and impact of allergic conditions in Colombia and in many Latin American countries is limited. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence for asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic eczema (AE), and atopy in six colombian cities; to quantify costs to the patient and her/his family; and to determine levels of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in asthmatic and healthy subjects. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study in six cities during the academic year 2009-2010. We used a school-based design for subjects between 5-17 years old. We carried out a community-based strategy for subjects between 1-4 years old and adults between 18-59 years old. Serum samples for total and antigen-specific (IgE) levels were collected using a population-based, nested, case-control design. RESULTS: We obtained information on 5978 subjects. The largest sample of subjects was collected in Bogotá (2392). The current prevalence of asthma symptoms was 12% (95% CI, 10.5-13.7), with 43% (95% CI, 36.3-49.2) reporting having required an emergency department visit or hospitalization in the past 12 months. Physician diagnosed asthma was 7% (95% CI, 6.1-8.0). The current prevalence of AR symptoms was 32% (95% CI, 29.5-33.9), and of AE symptoms was 14% (95% CI, 12.5-15.3). We collected blood samples from 855 subjects; 60.2% of asthmatics and 40.6% of controls could be classified as atopic. CONCLUSIONS: In Colombia, symptom prevalence for asthma, AR and AE, as well as levels of atopy, are substantial. Specifically for asthma, symptom severity and absence from work or study due to symptoms are important. These primary care sensitive conditions remain an unmet public health burden in developing countries such as Colombia.