RESUMO
Background: This pilot, double-blind, comparator-controlled trial evaluated the safety and tolerability of an oral targeted medical nutrition (TMN) supplement for the management of cachexia in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for NSCLC with weight loss or low BMI were randomized 1:1 to receive juice-based TMN (â¼200 kcal; 10 g whey protein; ≥2.0 g eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid in fish oil; and 10 µg 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3) or a milk-based isocaloric comparator twice daily for 12 weeks (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02515032). Primary endpoints included number/type of adverse events and changes in vital signs/laboratory parameters. Secondary endpoints included measures of clinical relevance. Survival was an exploratory endpoint.Results: The TMN group (n = 26; mean 64.4 years) experienced fewer adverse events (64 vs. 87) than the comparator group (n = 29; mean 66.0 years), including fewer cases of neutropenia (0 vs. 4). Compliance was slightly lower in the TMN (58.5%) vs. comparator group (73.6%). There were no statistically significant between-group differences in efficacy endpoints. Fewer (4 vs. 10) patients who received TMN than comparator had died by 1-year post baseline.Conclusions: TMN was well tolerated. Trends for improved clinical outcomes with TMN identified in this study warrant further investigation.
Assuntos
Caquexia/dietoterapia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/complicações , Suplementos Nutricionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Caquexia/complicações , Calcifediol/administração & dosagem , Calcifediol/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Suplementos Nutricionais/efeitos adversos , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutropenia/complicações , Projetos Piloto , Resultado do Tratamento , Redução de Peso , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/administração & dosagem , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/efeitos adversosRESUMO
An increased incidence in ischemic and thromboembolic events in the population of cities with rising air suspended particle pollution has suggested the interaction of some of the components of these particles in the coagulation system. A previous report from our laboratory identified thrombocytosis as a consequence of the subacute and chronic inhalation of vanadium. With this preceding information we decided to evaluate the effects of this element in the spleen and bone marrow in a mouse experimental model. CD-1 male mice inhaled V2O5 0.02 M for one hour twice a week for twelve weeks. The spleen and bone marrow were processed for light microscopy. The increase in quantity and size of megakaryocytes (MKs) in the exposed group in both organs was striking. Also, modifications in the cytoplasm, granule content and nuclear ultrastructure were evident. Our results indicate the influence of vanadium on megakaryopoyesis, an effect which could be the onset of the thrombocytosis previously reported by our group. The modifications in MKs described here suggest that inhaled vanadium could induce megakaryocytic proliferation, which may result in increased production of platelets and increased risk for thromboembolic events.