RETRACTED: Safety climate, quality of care, adherence to and compliance with standard precautions among nurses: Structural equation modeling.

AIMS: The aim was to investigate the interrelationships of nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and adherence to and compliance with standard precautions (SPs). BACKGROUND: Investigations about nurses' safety climate and quality care and their association with adherence to and compliance with SPs remain remarkably scant across literature, specifically among developing countries like the Philippines. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach while complying with STROBE guidelines. METHODS: Participant nurses were recruited using convenience sampling (n = 870). Four validated self-report instruments were used to collect data from February to August 2022. Spearman rho, SEM, mediation, and path analyses were employed for data analysis. RESULTS: The emerging model showed acceptable model fit parameters. The safety climate positively influenced the quality of care and adherence to and compliance with SPs. Quality of care directly affected adherence to SPs, while adherence to SPs directly affected compliance with SPs. The quality of care mediated the relationship between safety climate and adherence to SPs. Whereas adherence to SPs mediated the relationships between safety climate and compliance with SPs and the quality of care and compliance with SPs. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' safety climate directly affected the quality of care and SPs adherence and compliance. The quality of care mediated the impact of safety climate on SPs adherence. Finally, SPs adherence demonstrated a mediating effect among quality of care, safety climate, and SPs compliance. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY AND PRACTICE: Nursing policymakers and administrators can use the findings to design strategic policies and sustainable in-service educational courses fostering and maintaining nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and SPs adherence and compliance.

Nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and standard precautions adherence and compliance: A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION: Investigations about the interrelationships of nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and standard precautions (SP) adherence and compliance remain particularly scarce in the literature. Thus, we tested a model of the associations between nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and the factors influencing adherence and compliance with SPs utilizing the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design complying with STROBE guidelines. METHODS: Using convenience sampling, nurses (n = 730) from the Philippines were recruited. Data were collected between April and September 2022 using four validated self-report measures. Spearman Rho, mediation and path analyses, and SEM were employed for data analysis. RESULTS: Acceptable model fit indices were shown by the emerging model. The safety climate is positively associated with quality of care and factors influencing adherence to and compliance with SPs. Quality of care directly affected factors influencing adherence to SPs. The factors influencing adherence to SPs directly affected SP compliance. Quality of care mediated between safety climate and the factors influencing adherence to SPs. Factors influencing adherence to SPs mediated between safety climate, quality of care, and SP compliance. CONCLUSIONS: The study's variables are not distinct but overlapping nursing concepts that must be examined collectively. Nurse administrators can utilize the emerging model to formulate strategies and regulations for evaluating and enhancing nurses' safety climate, quality of care, and SP adherence and compliance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our findings may impact policymaking, organizational, and individual levels to improve nurses' clinical practice. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This study had no patient contribution or public funding.

Moral Distress, Moral Resilience, Moral Courage, and Moral Injury Among Nurses in the Philippines During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mediation Analysis.

Investigations about moral resilience and moral courage as mediators between moral distress and moral injury remain underreported among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses (n = 412) from the Philippines were conveniently recruited via social media platforms and completed four self-report scales. The mediation model depicts that moral distress negatively impacts moral resilience and moral courage while positively affecting moral injury. Moral resilience and moral courage negatively impact moral injury, whereas moral resilience directly impacts moral courage. Finally, moral resilience and moral courage demonstrated a mediating effect between moral distress and moral injury. Findings indicate that healthcare organizations and nurse managers should nurture morally resilient and courageous therapeutic practices among frontline healthcare professionals to mitigate the negative effects of moral distress and moral injury.

The mediating roles of moral courage and moral resilience between nurses' moral distress and moral injury: An online cross-sectional study.

AIMS: To investigate the mediating role of moral resilience and moral courage in the association between moral distress and moral injury. BACKGROUND: There is a preponderance of nursing literature about moral distress, moral resilience, moral courage and moral injury. However, examining moral resilience and moral courage as mediators remain underreported during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the context of a developing nation. DESIGN: Correlational, cross-sectional design compliant with the STROBE guidelines. METHODS: A convenience sample of nurses (n = 412) from the Philippines were recruited using social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Messenger, Twitter). Four self-report and validated scales (8-item Moral-Distress Appraisal Scale, 21-item Nurses' Moral Courage Scale, 17-item Rushton Moral Resilience Scale and 10-item Moral Injury Symptom Scale: Healthcare Professionals Version) were used to collect data from January to July 2022. Pearson's r, bivariate analysis and multistage regression analyses were used for data analysis. RESULTS: This study afforded a model that depicted the interrelationships of moral distress, moral resilience, moral courage and moral injury. Moral distress has a negative impact on moral resilience and moral courage while positively affecting moral injury. Moral resilience positively influences moral courage while having a negative impact on moral injury. Moral courage has an indirect impact on moral injury. Finally, moral resilience and moral courage demonstrated a mediating effect between moral distress and moral injury. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare organizations, policymakers and nurse managers should include policies and programs that include improving approaches to modifying workplace conditions and evaluating nurses' moral resilience and courage. Nurse managers need to advocate ethics education and professionalism. Nurses must practice self-care strategies to strengthen morally resilient and courageous therapeutic practices.

Psychometric testing of the nurse professional competence scale Arabic version: An exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.

AIM: To translate the Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form English version into Arabic and psychometrically validate its properties among Saudi citizen nurses. BACKGROUND: Evaluating nurses' professional competence is vital in delivering safe, cost-effective care and developing healthcare systems. However, psychometrically reliable and validated nurse competence scales in Arabic-speaking countries remain scant. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional design adhering to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. METHODS: Participant nurses (n = 598) were conveniently recruited from four government-owned hospitals and completed the Arabic-translated 35-item Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form. We used Spearman's rank-order correlation, exploratory factor analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test, and confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the data. RESULTS: After exploratory factor analysis and reliability analyses, several items of the Arabic-translated 35-item Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form were omitted due to high inter-item correlations and low factor loading difference. The Arabic version of the Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form was reduced to 21 items, consisting of a three-factor structure: Professional Care Pedagogics, Holistic Value-Based Care, and Direct Nursing Care. Results also demonstrated that the revised three-factor structure had good overall scale reliability, good subscale internal consistencies, and acceptable construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis. CONCLUSION: The 21-item Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form Arabic version is a useful scale, having demonstrated construct validity and reliability. Therefore, nurse managers in Arabic-speaking nations could assess their nurses' professional competence using the 21-item Nurse Professional Competence Scale-Short Form Arabic version to develop proactive programs that enhance professional competence.

Structural equation modelling of ethicomoral values and competence of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that affected nurses' professional values and competence. Aim: Our study examined the relationship between nurses' professional values and competence in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design with 748 nurses from Saudi Arabia. Two self-report instruments were used to collect data. Structural equation modelling was conducted to analyse the data. Findings: The emerging model showed acceptable model-fit indices. Two dimensions of nurse professional values significantly affected professional competence: professionalism and activism. Professionalism significantly affected the other four facets (e.g., caring, activism, trust, and justice) of nurse professional values. The dimension of caring had a strong direct effect on activism. Justice had a moderate direct impact on trust, while activism had a weak direct impact on trust. Professionalism and caring had strong indirect effects on professional competence by mediating the dimension of activism. Discussion: The study's findings highlight the need for strategies to evaluate and strengthen the various areas of professional values to foster professional competence among nurses. Moreover, nurse administrators should encourage nurses to participate in continuing nursing education programs or provide in-service educational training to promote professional values and competence. Conclusion: This study provides a structural model of the interaction between nurses' professional values and competence during the pandemic. Nurse administrators can leverage the presented model to develop policies and strategies to evaluate and strengthen nurses' professional values and competence.

Nursing students' perceived stress, social support, self-efficacy, resilience, mindfulness and psychological well-being: A structural equation model.

Nursing students' stress, protective factors (e.g. resilience, social support, mindfulness and self-efficacy) and psychological well-being (PWB) have been well reported in the literature. However, the interactions of these variables were scarcely examined in the latter part of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the context of a developing country. This cross-sectional correlational study complying with STROBE guidelines tested a hypothetical model of the interrelationships of nursing students' stress, protective factors and PWB using structural equation modelling (SEM). Nursing students (n = 776) from five nursing schools in the Philippines were conveniently recruited from September 2022 to January 2023. Six validated self-report scales (Perceived Stress Scale, Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Psychological Wellbeing Scale) were used to collect data. SEM, mediation analyses and path analyses were used for data analysis. The emerging model demonstrated acceptable model fit parameters. Stress negatively impacted protective factors, while all the protective factors positively influenced PWB. Social support mediated the influence of stress on resilience, mindfulness and PWB. Resilience is a significant mediator of stress, self-efficacy, social support and PWB. Mindfulness mediated the influence of stress, social support and self-efficacy on PWB. Finally, self-efficacy had a mediating role between resilience and mindfulness. Nursing institutions and nurse educators can use the proposed model as their basis for empirical and theoretical evidence in creating programmes that will strengthen nursing students' protective factors, thus reducing stress while improving PWB and learning outcomes.

Resilience and academic motivation's mediation effects in nursing students' academic stress and self-directed learning: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

AIMS: To investigate the mediating role of resilience and academic motivation between academic stress and self-directed learning. BACKGROUND: Academic stress in nursing students is a well-reported concept that affects resilience, academic motivation and self-directed learning. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating the mediating role of resilience and academic motivation between academic stress and self-directed learning. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study and mediation analysis. METHODS: Nursing students (n = 718) were recruited from five nursing schools via convenience sampling. Four self-report scales (Perception of Academic Stress Scale, Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, Short Academic Motivation Scale and Self-directed Learning Instrument) were used to collect data from August to December 2022. Pearson's r, bivariate analysis and multistage regression analyses were employed to analyze the data. RESULTS: Academic stress negatively influences nursing students' resilience, academic motivation and self-directed learning. Resilience and academic motivation have a positive impact on self-directed learning. Resilience and academic motivation mediate the relationship between academic stress and self-directed learning, as evidenced by a reduction in the negative impacts of academic stress on nursing students. CONCLUSION: Resilience and academic motivation, as mediators, reduce the effects of academic stress on self-directed learning. Nursing educators and administrators should promote programs that strengthen resilience and academic motivation. Thus, improving educational and clinical performance.

Nursing students' nomophobia, social media use, attention, motivation, and academic performance: A structural equation modeling approach.

AIM: To investigate the interrelationships of nomophobia, social media use, attention, motivation, and academic performance among nursing students. BACKGROUND: There is a preponderance of studies about nursing students' nomophobia, social media use, and academic performance. However, the mediating role of motivation and attention between nomophobia and academic performance remains a blind spot in nursing literature. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. METHOD: Students from five nursing institutions in the Philippines were recruited via convenience sampling (n = 835). We used STROBE guidelines in reporting this study. Three self-report instruments (Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire [MSLQ], Media and Technology Usage and Attitude Scale [MTUAS], and Nomophobia Questionnaire [NMP-Q]) were used to collect data. SEM, mediation analyses, and path analyses were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The emerging model afforded acceptable model fit indices. Nursing students' nomophobia positively influenced social media use whereas negatively impacting motivation and attention. Social media use, motivation, and attention directly affect academic performance. Path analyses depicted that motivation and attention mediated the indirect effect of nomophobia on academic performance. Motivation mediated the indirect impact of nomophobia on attention. Finally, attention mediated the indirect effect of motivation on academic performance. CONCLUSION: Nursing institutions and educators can use the proposed model in developing guidelines for evaluating nomophobia and regulating social media use in the academic and clinical context. These initiatives could support nursing students' transition from school to practice while assisting them in maintaining their academic performance.

Population-based survey of human monkeypox disease knowledge in the Philippines: An online cross-sectional study.

AIMS: In July 2022, the human monkeypox virus was declared by the World Health Organization, a public health emergency of global concern. This study investigated the Filipinos' knowledge of monkeypox and determined the demographic variables that predicted it. DESIGN: Correlational and cross-sectional design adhering to STROBE guidelines. METHODS: Participants were recruited conveniently through social media platforms (n = 575). This study used a 21-item monkeypox knowledge survey questionnaire to collect data from July to September 2022. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Most participants (53.74%) were above 30 years old, females (68.87%), residing in Luzon (54.96%), college graduates (61.04%), Catholics (78.61%) and employed (68%). Social media, particularly Facebook (57.91%), is the common source of monkeypox-related information (78.61%). Participants' age (>30 years old) is the only predictor of monkeypox infection knowledge (aOR: 3.13; 95%CI: 1.25-7.87, p = .015). They are three times more likely to be knowledgeable than those under 30. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the importance of evidence-based strategies for increasing public knowledge and awareness. The government, healthcare workers and the public should adopt proactive preventive measures against human monkeypox to prevent future pandemics. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution has been made in this study. IMPACT STATEMENT: What problem did the study address? Assessing people's knowledge about monkeypox will help the government and healthcare workers (HCWs) create policies to prevent the spread of the virus. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study that used a national online survey to assess Filipinos' human monkeypox knowledge. What were the main findings? Most participants had insufficient knowledge of the monkeypox infection. Participants' primary source of monkeypox infection information is social media, specifically Facebook. Participants older than 30 had higher knowledge of monkeypox infection. Where and on whom will the research have impact? Raising public awareness and knowledge about monkeypox disease prevents viral transmission in the community. HCWs (e.g., nurses, midwives, and doctors) should report monkeypox patients to appropriate health authorities. Standard and droplet precautions should be practiced and taught to the public to prevent the virus' spread. The government and HCWs should intensify monkeypox awareness programs to increase the public's knowledge and awareness of the disease. They can utilize social media platforms to disseminate correct and relevant information.

Human monkeypox infection knowledge in the Philippines: An online cross-sectional survey.

Background: In July 2022, human monkeypox (Mpox) was declared by the World Health Organization public health emergency of global concern. Assessing people's knowledge about Mpox will help the government and healthcare workers create policies to prevent the spread of the virus. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study that assessed Filipinos' Mpox knowledge. Thus, this study investigated the Filipinos' Mpox knowledge and determined the demographic variables that predicted it. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design study participated by 557 Filipinos. This study used a 21-item Mpox knowledge survey questionnaire to collect data from July to September 2022. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Most participants (53.74%) were above 30 years old, females (68.87%), residing in Luzon (54.96%), college graduates (61.04%), Catholics (78.61%), and employed (68%). Social media, particularly Facebook (57.91%), is the common source of Mpox-related information (78.61%). Participants' age (>30 years old) is the only predictor of Mpox infection knowledge (aOR: 3.13; 95%CI: 1.25-7.87, p = 0.015). They are three times more likely to be knowledgeable than those under 30. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of evidence-based strategies for increasing public knowledge and awareness. The government, healthcare workers, and the public should adopt proactive preventive measures against Mpox to prevent future pandemics.

Adherence to COVID-19 health protocols in an online news context in the Philippines: A manifest content analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Globally, adherence to COVID-19 health and safety protocols played a crucial role in preventing the spread of the virus. Thus, this study analyzed online news articles reporting adherence to COVID-19 health and safety protocols in the Philippines. DESIGN: Manifest content analysis. SAMPLE: News articles (n = 192) from three major online news portals in the Philippines. MEASUREMENT: Published online news articles were collected during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 to March 2021). Bengtsson's content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Member-checking and intercoder reliability validated the study's results. RESULTS: Three main themes emerged: (a) adherence, (b) non-adherence, and (c) partial adherence. The subthemes were labeled who, what, when, where, and why. The same behavior, social distancing, was the most adhered to and non-adhered COVID-19 health protocol. This protocol has the highest occurrences in political protest, religious-related activities, and self-initiated quarantine. Leisure activities both showed non-adherence and partial adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Online news articles depicted Filipinos' adherence to health and safety protocols. Their adherence was primarily determined by one's group or community, social norms, and values. The government and its public health agencies should strengthen current efforts and continuously re-evaluate existing policies to modify ineffective and confusing safety health protocols.

Filipinos' COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy comments in TikTok videos: A manifest content analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top 10 threats to world health. The ongoing pandemic highlighted this health threat. The COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy remains underreported in the Philippines. Thus, this study aimed to describe and analyze the comments of Filipinos in TikTok videos about COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. DESIGN: Manifest content analysis. SAMPLE: A total of 25 TikTok videos and their comments (n = 4564) were analyzed. METHODS: We collected data between July 2021 and October 2021. Bengtsson's approach to content analysis was utilized to analyze the data. Data were validated using member-checking and intercoder reliability. RESULTS: This study afforded three themes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: (a) fear and mistrust (subthemes: influence of Dengvaxia vaccine, the influence of people who refuse to be vaccinated, lack of trust in the government, lack of trust in healthcare workers, doubts on vaccines' effectiveness), (b) misinformation and disinformation (subthemes: misbeliefs, insufficient knowledge), and (c) adamant attitudes (subthemes: unwillingness to be vaccinated, picky on vaccine brand). CONCLUSION: Our study established Filipinos' diverse reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. TikTok, as a social media platform, is used for COVID-19 vaccine discussions and the dissemination of misinformation. To prepare for the next pandemic or public health disaster, the government, HCWs, and the public must efficiently convey timely, accurate health information and dispel misinformation on social media platforms.

Nursing staff compliance and adherence to standard precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

This study investigated the compliance and adherence of nursing staff (nurses, nursing assistants, and midwives) to standard precautions (SPs). A cross-sectional design while adhering to STROBE guidelines was used for this study. Nursing staff from a government tertiary hospital (n = 515) were recruited and completed the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale (CSPS) and Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions Scale (FIASPS). Analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The overall average compliance with the SPs of the nursing staff was suboptimal, and the disposal of sharps domain had the lowest compliance. Nurses were more compliant with sharps disposal, and nursing assistants with waste disposal. Contextual cues were the most influential factor influencing participants' adherence to SPs. All CSPS domains were significantly correlated with the Contextual cues factor of the FIASPS. Finally, service years and educational attainment were significant predictors of SPs adherence. The findings underscore the organization's critical responsibility for actively enforcing policies using monitoring systems and contextual cues in the workplace to ensure staff compliance and adherence with SPs.

Academic stress, COVID-19 anxiety, and quality of life among nursing students: The mediating role of resilience.

AIM: This study investigated the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between academic stress, COVID-19 anxiety, and quality of life (QoL) among Filipino nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the QoL of nursing students who are experiencing mental health issues. The mediating role of resilience in mitigating the effects of academic stress and COVID-19 anxiety on nursing students' QoL remains understudied. METHODS: This study employed a correlational cross-sectional design, with a convenience sample of 611 Filipino nursing students. Data were collected using the scales Connor and Davidson Resilience, Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life, COVID-19 Anxiety, and Perception of Academic Stress and analyzed using Pearson's r, bivariate analysis, and multistage regression analyses. RESULTS: Academic stress and COVID-19 anxiety negatively correlated with QoL and resilience. Resilience was positively associated with QoL and reduced the effect of academic stress on QoL, indicating that resilience is a crucial mediating variable between academic stress and QoL. Finally, resilience had a significant mediating influence on QoL, as evidenced by a reduction in the effect of COVID-19 anxiety on QoL among nursing students. CONCLUSIONS: Filipino nursing students' QoL was affected by academic stress and COVID-19-related anxiety. However, resilience mediated this impact, preserving QoL. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Nursing colleges and affiliated hospitals must collaborate to monitor academic stress and pandemic-related anxiety. Nursing students should be provided with programs such as seminars and team-building activities to enhance their resilience.

Filipino nursing students' use of low-cost simulators during the COVID-19 pandemic: A summative content analysis of YouTube videos.

This study examined Filipino nursing students' use of household materials as low-cost simulators and how they aid in online return demonstrations. Summative content analysis guided this study. We collected uploaded YouTube videos (n = 14) depicting Filipino nursing students using low-cost simulators in their skills demonstration. We used Bengtsson's approach to content analysis to analyze the data. Four themes of low-cost simulators were identified: home and hardware, health and beauty, creative articles, and entertainment. The categories under home and hardware were tools, containers, furniture, and packaging. Health and beauty low-cost simulators were toiletries and medical supplies. Creative articles included fabrics, clothing accessories, and stationeries. Entertainment low-cost-simulators had toys and computer accessories. During the COVID-19 pandemic, our research uncovered home equipment employed as low-cost simulators to help nursing students' online simulation of skills demonstration. We recommend further investigation of whether students learned using low-cost simulators.

Nurses' professional values and competency in Saudi Arabia: A structural equation modelling approach.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between Saudi nurses' professional values and competence. BACKGROUND: Professionals are bound by ethical standards specific to their profession. Accordingly, the COVID-19 pandemic is the most significant event that has impacted nurses' professional values and competency. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional design adhering to STROBE guidelines. METHODS: Clinical nurses from four tertiary government hospitals (n = 659) participated and completed two self-report instruments. Study variables were analysed using the structural equation modelling approach. RESULTS: The emerging model displayed acceptable model fit indices. Professionalism and activism were two dimensions of nurse professional values that significantly impacted professional competency. Professionalism significantly impacted the four other aspects of nurse professional values: caring, activism, trust, and justice. Caring had a significant and direct impact on activism. Activism had a weak, direct effect on trust, whereas justice had a moderate, direct effect on trust. Through the mediation of the dimension of activism, both the dimensions of professionalism and caring had a strong, indirect impact on professional competency. CONCLUSIONS: This research presents a structural model of the interrelationship between nurse professional values and competency. Nurse administrators can use the proposed model to develop approaches and policies for assessing, improving and evaluating professional values among nurses. RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing professionals are committed to upholding their ethical and moral standards while performing their caregiver roles. Nurse administrators can implement activities and strategies to develop nurses' professional competence further, as professional values represent the ideal values expected of nurses providing patient care.

Perceived risks of over-the-counter medication use among pregnant Saudi mothers: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Many women use over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, particularly during pregnancy. Therefore, this study investigated the perceived risks of using OTC medicines among pregnant Saudi mothers. Methods: With a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling, the 28-item Drug Use Health Belief Scale was used to collect data from pregnant Saudi mothers (n = 366) in a general tertiary hospital. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. After normality testing, the percentages, mean scores, and standard deviations were used to examine the demographic data. One-way ANOVA was used to identify the relationships between perceived risks on the Health Belief Scale and the participants' sociodemographic profile variables. Post-hoc tests were used to identify differences in the independent variables among groups. The statistical significance threshold was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Across the five domains of the Health Belief Scale, the perceived susceptibility domain had the highest rank (0.36). Significant differences were observed between the mean scores of pregnant Saudi mothers' perceptions of susceptibility and the benefits of using OTC medications (p = 0.05), perceptions of susceptibility (p < 0.001), and benefits while using OTC medications (p = 0.018) than those who did not use OTC medications. However, no significant differences were observed in the degree of perceived severity, barriers, and self-efficacy in mothers using OTC medications (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Notable differences were found in pregnant women's perceptions of the risks of using OTC medications. Greater awareness of the risks of OTC medication use during pregnancy is required. To ensure mothers' safety, a collaboration between prenatal multidisciplinary team of professionals (e.g., doctors, nurses, midwives) in community and hospital settings should be prioritized.