The host galaxy of a fast radio burst.

In recent years, millisecond-duration radio signals originating in distant galaxies appear to have been discovered in the so-called fast radio bursts. These signals are dispersed according to a precise physical law and this dispersion is a key observable quantity, which, in tandem with a redshift measurement, can be used for fundamental physical investigations. Every fast radio burst has a dispersion measurement, but none before now have had a redshift measurement, because of the difficulty in pinpointing their celestial coordinates. Here we report the discovery of a fast radio burst and the identification of a fading radio transient lasting ~6 days after the event, which we use to identify the host galaxy; we measure the galaxy's redshift to be z = 0.492 ± 0.008. The dispersion measure and redshift, in combination, provide a direct measurement of the cosmic density of ionized baryons in the intergalactic medium of ΩIGM = 4.9 ± 1.3 per cent, in agreement with the expectation from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, and including all of the so-called 'missing baryons'. The ~6-day radio transient is largely consistent with the radio afterglow of a short γ-ray burst, and its existence and timescale do not support progenitor models such as giant pulses from pulsars, and supernovae. This contrasts with the interpretation of another recently discovered fast radio burst, suggesting that there are at least two classes of bursts.

[Scent attractiveness and endocrine status in male students before and during a stress situation].

Scent attractiveness of sweat samples collected from male students before and during theoretical exams was assessed by female students. Five-rank scale was used for subjective assessment of the scent samples in term unpleasant/pleasant. Scent attractiveness depended on physiological conditions of both recipients and donors. Male students with low basal concentration of salivary cortisol smelt better than students with high level of cortisol. High level of salivary testosterone also was associated with low scent attractiveness of the male students, but only for the recipients in non-receptive phase of menstrual cycle. In all, the females who were in receptive phase of menstrual cycle assessed scent attractiveness of male students higher then the females in non-receptive phase. Exam stress coincided with increase of the salivary cortisol resulting in decline of scent attractiveness in male students. The negative effect of exam was most prominent in students that failed exam and in student who aspired to be the best but failed. So, the exam stress and basal variation of stress-related physiological indexes, such as salivary cortisol, are mirrored in male chemical signals, which are recognized by females.

[Spirapril - a new long-acting ACE inhibitor: efficacy and safety in patients with arterial hypertension in combination with diabetes mellitus and impaired kidney function]. / Spirapril - novyi ingibitor angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta dlitel'nogo deistviia: éffektivnost' i bezopasnost' u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei v sochetanii s sakharnym diabetom i narushennoi funktsiei pochek.

AIM: To examine effectiveness and safety of quadropril. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), levels of glucose, potassium and creatinine, creatinine clearance were studied in 120 patients (48 males and 72 females, mean age 60.6 +/- 0.7 years) with mild to moderate arterial hypertension (AH) with average duration 13.8 +/- 0.7 years. The patients were divided into 3 groups: with AH (n = 40), AH + noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 43), AH and nephropathy (n = 37). 8-week treatment was performed with a standard dose of 6 mg/day (1 tablet of quadropril). Control examinations were made 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: After 8 weeks of treatment a decrease in systolic blood pressure in AH group was 24.0 +/- 3.0 mm Hg and in diastolic blood pressure 16.3 +/- 1.3 mm Hg (P < 0.001). In the group with DM this decrease was 22.4 +/- 2.8 mm Hg and 15.7 +/- 1.4 mm Hg (p < 0.001), respectively. In the group with nephropathy this decrease was 26.4 +/- 2.4 and 16.5 +/- 1.3 mm Hg (p < 0.001), respectively. Heart rate changed significantly only in diabetics: from 75.1 +/- 1.7 to 72.9 +/- 1.3 beats/min. Biochemical parameters in the hypertensive and diabetic patients did not change significantly. In the nephropathy group there was a significant decrease in creatinine and increase in creatinine clearance. Their level of glucose and potassium changed insignificantly. CONCLUSION: The treatment with quadropril results in a significant decrease in blood pressure, does not influence parameters of carbohydrate metabolism, improves nitrogen eliminating function of the kidneys.

[Various mechanisms of immune homeostasis in myocardial infarction]. / Nekotorye mekhanizmy immunnogo gomeostaza pri infarkte miokarda.

Dynamic alterations and interrelationships of the patterns of humoral immunity (immunoglobulins and immune complexes) were studied in 77 patients with myocardium infarction and in 23 healthy donors. Stimulation of immunity homeostasis in the patients with acute form of myocardium infarction was manifested as an increase in content of immunoglobulins and immune complexes. Content of immunoglobulin G was distinctly decreased in epistenocardic pericarditis. High rate of correlations was found between the patterns studied in healthy persons (r = 0.7 = 0.85). During the acute period of myocardium infarction disbalance of homeostasis was observed, which was expressed as a decrease in the correlation coefficient down to r = 0.41 = 0.54. An increase in the interrelation and redistribution of the argument-functional parameters were detected in dynamics of the disease.