Optical method to characterize and assess setting evolution of cement pastes.

In this work, a nondestructive and noninvasive technique, based on laser technology and the use of the Kubelka-Munk model to calculate the dynamic behavior of the cement paste from the diffuse reflection properties of both cement components and hydration products, is proposed. Also, the Powers-Brunauer model is used to explain this behavior during the first 9 h of the hydration process. This method allows us to obtain the initial and final cement setting times from the diffuse reflection measurements.

Optical method to characterize and assess setting evolution of cement pastes: publisher's note.

This publisher's note amends the author affiliations in Appl. Opt.59, D1 (2020)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.59.0000D1.

Occurrence, Distribution, and Relative Incidence of Mosaic Viruses Infecting Field-Grown Melon in Spain.

The main areas for field-grown melon (Cucumis melo) production in Spain were surveyed for the occurrence and relative incidence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W), watermelon mosaic virus-2 (WMV-2), and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) during the growing seasons of 1995 and 1996. Samples from 1,152 plants showing symptoms of virus infection were collected from commercial melon fields and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CMV and WMV-2 were the most frequently found viruses, both by the number of locations and by their incidence in each location. In contrast, PRSV-W and ZYMV were detected in fewer sites and at lower incidences. PRSV-W was not found in 1996. In 79% of the samples, only one virus was detected; 15% of the samples were doubly infected. Both the incidence of plants showing symptoms of viral infection and the relative incidence of each of the four viruses varied according to the region, while the main trends of virus distribution were similar for 1995 and 1996.