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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The worldwide aging population is expanding, with more individuals living into their 80s. Physiological functions decline gradually with age, compounded by sedentary lifestyles. Incorporating physical activity into daily routine is crucial for maintaining independence. This study aimed to assess a periodized high-intensity aerobic training program (PEZO-BT) in octogenarians, focusing on submaximal ergospirometry effects. METHODS: A total of 48 non-frail octogenarian subjects (12 females, 36 males) were randomized into control and intervention groups. All subjects underwent submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing with gas analysis at baseline, stopping after the respiratory compensation point (RCP). Our intervention group completed a 14-week PEZO-BT aerobic training program. The outcomes were oxygen consumption at first ventilatory threshold (VO2AT), ventilatory efficiency slope (VE/VCO2), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP), oxygen pulse change (ΔVO2/HR) from anaerobic threshold (AT) to respiratory compensation point (RCP), and power output at anaerobic threshold (POAT). RESULTS: Mixed ANOVA examined time and treatment effects. If significance emerged, post hoc t-tests were used to compare significances between groups. The homogeneity of variance was assessed using Levene's test. Chi-square tests compared ergospirometry criteria and ventilatory performance within groups. The mean differences at post intervention were significant in VO2AT (p < 0.001), VE/VCO2 (p < 0.001), ΔVO2/HR (p < 0.05), and POAT (p < 0.001), while OUES and COP were not significant (p > 0.05). However, clinical effects were observed in the entire intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Training improved exercise capacity and workload. Overall, this periodic aerobic and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program yielded significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in previously untrained octogenarians with and without comorbidities. The findings suggest implications for promoting long-term healthy aging.
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INTRODUCTION: Introduction: in the student population, the transition from the school system to the university system often involves a normative life crisis; one of the central challenges of this stage is the shift from an external normative system in permanent operation to individual self-regulation of behavior. One of the areas most affected by this change are self-care habits, including the changes associated with the eating behavior of students, which tend to have a greater impact on accelerated body weight gain, especially during the first years. Objective: to characterize the presence of eating styles-restrictive eating, emotional eating, and external eating-in a sample of Chilean university population. Methods: this was an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 1230 university students (59.1 % women, 41.9 % men) with a mean age of 21 years (SD ± 3.32). The version adapted to the Chilean population of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire was applied. Results: the average scores of the total population for restrictive eating, emotional eating, and external eating were 2.56, 2.48, and 3.13, respectively. Gender differences were observed for all three styles. Discussion: External eating appears as the dominant intake style. This is key to understand the factors affecting the eating behavior of Chilean university students, and then develop effective interventions to consolidate eating habits appropriate for adult life.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: en la población estudiantil, el paso desde el sistema escolar al sistema universitario supone muchas veces una crisis vital normativa; uno de los desafíos centrales de esta etapa consiste en mutar desde un sistema normativo externo en permanente funcionamiento hacia la autorregulación individual del comportamiento. Uno de los ámbitos que se ven más afectados con este cambio son los hábitos de autocuidado, entre los que destacan los cambios asociados al comportamiento alimentario de los estudiantes; su mayor repercusión suele ser una ganancia de peso corporal acelerada, especialmente en los primeros años de estudio. Objetivo: caracterizar la presencia de los estilos de ingesta la restricción alimentaria, el comer emocional y el comer externo en una muestra de población universitaria chilena. Métodos: estudio exploratorio de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal. La muestra se compuso de 1230 estudiantes universitarios (59,1 % mujeres, 41,9 % hombres) con un promedio de edad de 21 años (DE ± 3,32). Se aplicó la versión adaptada a la población chilena del cuestionario Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Resultados: los puntajes promedio de la población total para restricción alimentaria, comer emocional y comer externo fueron de 2,56, 2,48 y 3,13, respectivamente. Se observaron diferencias de género en los tres estilos de ingesta. Discusión: el comer externo aparece como estilo de ingesta dominante sobre los otros dos. Lo anterior sería fundamental para comprender los factores que inciden en la conducta alimentaria de los estudiantes universitarios chilenos y así poder desarrollar intervenciones efectivas para consolidar hábitos alimentarios apropiados para la vida adulta.
