Social and natural risk factor correlation in China's fresh agricultural product supply.

The perishable nature of fresh agricultural products and their vulnerability to environmental impacts make fresh agricultural product supplies susceptible to more complex social risks and unpredictable natural risks. This study identifies 13 social and natural risk factors that could adversely affect the fresh agricultural product supply and uses ISM and MICMAC to develop a hierarchical structure of the risks to analyze the correlation of these risk factors. The results showed that these risk factors have a strong positive correlation, a reasonable risk-sharing mechanism should be established for the fresh agricultural product supply and the improvement in the supervision error correction system should be strengthened.

[A landscape of transcriptome analysis of three sclerotia growth stages in Polyporus umbellatus].

Polyporus umbellatus,a traditional Chinese precious medicine as long been used for eliminating dampness,diuresis and have effect on cancer,getting more and more popularly in China recently. And the developmental metabolic process of the medicinal fungus,P. umbellatus,has been gotten more attention. This study is for the first time to explore the three sclerotial growth stages in P. umbellatus,named " white Polyporus"( initial phase), " grey Polyporus"( developmental phase) and " black Polyporus"( mature phase),by utilizing the de novo transcriptome assembly analysis technology. Finally,we obtained 88. 12 Gb sequence containing85 235 unigenes( ≥200 bp) assembled and 100% were annotated. We identified genes differentially expressed among the three stages of the sclerotia and screened out MFSgst,ERG4/ERG24,WD40,Rho A,CYP450,PKS,GSase and CHS1,which may contribute to the production of medicinal secondary metabolites and the defense mechanism against the environmental stress and biological invasion. We did the qRT-PCR trial to verify our results,which is in line with expectations. Our results are purposed to unearth the molecular mechanism of the accumulation of active constituents in different stages of Polyporus sclerotia which can be applied in the production and protection of Polyporus effectively.

A Gas Leakage Localization Method Based on a Virtual Ultrasonic Sensor Array.

In traditional sensory array-based acoustic emission methods that are used for gas leakage localization, the localization resolution depends on the spatial aperture of the array, that is, the number of sensors. Most of the existing methods use small arrays that can only achieve low-resolution localization results because of limitations such as the amplitude and phase consistency, the complexity and cost of the system. This paper reports the first application of a virtual phased array for gas leakage detection to obtain high-resolution localization results. This method uses a virtual linear ultrasonic sensor array composed of only two sensors to acquire leakage signals. Then, we use the virtual beamforming algorithm based on the cross-power spectrum to estimate the location of the leakage source. Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and operability of the proposed method. The impacts of various factors on the performance of the localization technique are compared and discussed, including factors such as the number of sensors and the distance between the leak hole and virtual array. The results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately and reliably localizes gas leakages.

Subcritical n-hexane/isopropanol extraction of lipid from wet microalgal pastes of Scenedesmus obliquus.

Subcritical co-solvents of n-hexane/isopropanol were primarily utilized to extract lipid from wet microalgal pastes of Scenedesmus obliquus. The effects of key operational parameters were investigated, and the optimal parameters were obtained: solvent ratio of n-hexane to isopropanol was 3:2 (V:V), phase ratio of co-solvents to microalgal biomass was 35:1 (mL:g), reactor stirring speed was 900 rpm, extraction time was 60 min. Additional pretreatment with acid, ultrasonic and microwave as well as enhanced subcritical pressure/heating treatments were also applied to further study their effects on lipid extraction. The results showed that the lipid recovery rate with acid pretreatment was 8.6 and 6.2% higher than ultrasonic and microwave pretreatment; the optimum enhanced subcritical condition was 55 °C with atmospheric pressure. Under optimal operating conditions, the lipid and FAME yield were 13.5 and 7.2%, which was 82.6 and 135.1% higher than the traditional method. The results indicated that the subcritical n-hexane/isopropanol extraction process had promising application potential.

Clarifying of the potential mechanism of Sinisan formula for treatment of chronic hepatitis by systems pharmacology method.

Chronic hepatitis is a general designation class of diseases, which results in different degrees of liver necrosis and inflammatory reaction, followed by liver fibrosis, may eventually develop into cirrhosis. However, the molecular pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis is too complex to elucidate. Herbal medicines, featured with multiple targets and compounds, have long displayed therapeutic effect in treating chronic hepatitis, though their molecular mechanisms of contribution remain indistinct. This research utilized the network pharmacology to confirm the molecular pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis through providing a comprehensive analysis of active chemicals, drug targets and pathways' interaction of Sinisan formula for treating chronic hepatitis. The outcomes showed that 80 active ingredients of Sinisan formula interacting with 91 therapeutic proteins were authenticated. Sinisan formula potentially participates in immune modulation, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities, even has regulating effects on lipid metabolism. These mechanisms directly or indirectly are involved in curing chronic hepatitis by an interaction way. The network pharmacology based analysis demonstrated that Sinisan has multi-scale curative activity in regulating chronic hepatitis related biological processes, which provides a new potential way for modern medicine in the treatment of chronic diseases.