Untreated caries and serum vitamin D levels in children and youth of the United States: NHANES 2013-2014.

This study aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and untreated caries and determining factors in children and youth. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014). In total, 3,072 participants with ages ranging from 1 to 19 years were included in our sample. The main dependent variable, untreated caries, was defined as having at least one untreated carious surface in any tooth. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was categorized into four groups: ≥75 nmol/ml, 50-74.9 nmol/ml, 25-49.9 nmol/ml, and <25 nmol/ml. Data were analyzed using a binary logistic regression. RESULTS: For children aged 1-5 years, age (OR = 1.68, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 1.38-2.04) and low levels of vitamin D (25-49.9 nmol/ml, and <25 nmol/ml: OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.06-6.13) were associated with untreated caries. For children aged 6-11 years, low levels of vitamin D (50-74.9 nmol/ml: OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.16-1.82) remained associated with untreated caries. No associations were found in those between 12 and 19 years of age. CONCLUSION: Our findings show an association between low levels of 25(OH)D and untreated caries in children between 1 and 11 years of age, suggesting that this nutrient might interfere in the caries process.

Untreated caries and serum vitamin D levels in children and youth of the United States: NHANES 2013-2014

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and untreated caries and determining factors in children and youth. Methodology: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014). In total, 3,072 participants with ages ranging from 1 to 19 years were included in our sample. The main dependent variable, untreated caries, was defined as having at least one untreated carious surface in any tooth. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was categorized into four groups: ≥75 nmol/ml, 50-74.9 nmol/ml, 25-49.9 nmol/ml, and <25 nmol/ml. Data were analyzed using a binary logistic regression. Results: For children aged 1-5 years, age (OR = 1.68, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 1.38-2.04) and low levels of vitamin D (25-49.9 nmol/ml, and <25 nmol/ml: OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.06-6.13) were associated with untreated caries. For children aged 6-11 years, low levels of vitamin D (50-74.9 nmol/ml: OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.16-1.82) remained associated with untreated caries. No associations were found in those between 12 and 19 years of age. Conclusion: Our findings show an association between low levels of 25(OH)D and untreated caries in children between 1 and 11 years of age, suggesting that this nutrient might interfere in the caries process.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre os níveis séricos de vitamina D e cárie dentária não-tratada e fatores determinantes em crianças e jovens. Metodologia: Este estudo transversal utilizou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde e Nutrição (2013-2014). No total, 3.072 participantes com idades entre 1 e 19 anos foram incluídos em nossa amostra. A principal variável dependente, cárie não-tratada, foi definida como pelo menos uma superfície de cárie não-tratada em qualquer dente. A concentração sérica de 25-hidroxivitamina D [25(OH)D] foi categorizada em quatro grupos: ≥75 nmol/ml, 50-74,9 nmol/ml, 25-49,9 nmol/ml e <25 nmol/ml. Os dados foram analisados ​​por meio de regressão logística binária. Resultados: Para crianças de 1 a 5 anos, idade (OR = 1,68, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC 95%) 1,38 a 2,04) e baixos níveis de vitamina D (25 a 49,9 nmol/ml e <25 nmol/ml: OR = 2,55, IC 95% 1,06-6,13) foram associados a cárie não-tratada. Para crianças de 6 a 11 anos, baixos níveis de vitamina D (50 a 74,9 nmol/ml: OR = 1,45, IC 95% 1,16 a 1,82) permaneceram associados à cárie não-tratada. Não foram encontradas associações naqueles entre 12 e 19 anos de idade. Conclusão: Nossos achados mostram uma associação entre baixos níveis de 25(OH)D e cárie não-tratada em crianças de 1 a 11 anos, sugerindo que este nutriente pode interferir no processo da cárie dentária .

Dental schools in Brazil and their social, macro-regional and oral health policy repercussions / Cursos de Odontologia no Brasil e suas repercussões sociais, macrorregionais e sobre as políticas de saúde bucal

Dentistry is a profession that has shown considerable growth in the last few years, as far as qualitative aspects and scientific production are concerned, and also in the number of undergraduate courses. Objective: to describe the profile of dentistry courses through official data and unofficial data, such as the existence of student support programs, gender disparities and availability of study places. Material and Methods: to this end, a survey of the 565 Dentistry courses registered by the Ministry of Education was carried out by three trained researchers and then of their respective websites and public domain information, followed by data analysis (R 4.1.2 R Core Team software, Vienna) and georeferencing (Qgis and ArcGis software). Results: as for the profile of the institutions that offer the course, 89.4% are private and as for the unofficial data, 63% of the sites do not have information regarding the teaching staff, 44.2% of the courses present a woman as coordinator and more than half report having at least one type of student support activity. It was possible to observe that the greatest availability of Dentistry vacancies is offered by private institutions and in courses coordinated by men. Conclusion: considering the information available on the college websites, it is important to keep them up to date and complete, so that students have access to the support activities that are relevant to their education.(AU)

A odontologia é uma profissão que tem apresentado crescimento considerável nos últimos anos, tanto no que diz respeito aos aspectos qualitativos e produção científica, como também no número de cursos de graduação. Objetivo: descrever o perfil dos cursos de odontologia por meio de dados oficiais e não oficiais, como a existência de programas de apoio estudantil, disparidades de gênero e disponibilidade de vagas de estudo. Material e Métodos: para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento dos 565 cursos de Odontologia cadastrados no Ministério da Educação por três pesquisadores treinados e, posteriormente, de seus respectivos sites e informações de domínio público, seguido da análise dos dados (R 4.1.2 R Núcleo Team software, Viena) e georreferenciamento (software Qgis e ArcGis). Resultados: quanto ao perfil das instituições que oferecem o curso, 89,4% são privadas e quanto aos dados não oficiais, 63% dos sites não possuem informações sobre o corpo docente, 44,2% dos cursos apresentam uma mulher como coordenadora e mais de metade refere ter pelo menos um tipo de atividade de apoio ao aluno. Foi possível observar que a maior oferta de vagas de Odontologia é oferecida por instituições privadas e em cursos coordenados por homens. Conclusão: considerando as informações disponibilizadas nos sites das faculdades, é importante mantê-las atualizadas e completas, para que os alunos tenham acesso às atividades de apoio pertinentes à sua formação (AU)

Caregiving of children with Down syndrome: impact on quality of life, stress, mental and oral health.

AIM: Parental caregivers of children with Down Syndrome (DS) have a greater burden of daily activities that may affect their health. The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the impact of caregiving of children with Down syndrome on parenting quality of life, stress, mental and oral health. METHODS: Fifty-four parental caregivers of children with DS and 51 parents of children without physical or mental disabilities participated of this study. All participants were clinically examined to evaluate the presence of dental caries, gingival conditions and answered a sociodemographic questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, quality of life and coping strategies were assessed using specific instruments. Hair cortisol level was assessed as biological marker of chronic stress. RESULTS: Psychological and quality of life parameters were similar between the groups of caregivers (p > .05). Caregivers of children with DS were older (48.6 vs. 41.5, p < .001), had longer caregiving period (> 10 vs < 10 years, p = .003), presented higher gingival bleeding index (6.1 vs. 4.7, p = .014) and higher cortisol levels (55.9 vs. 38.4, p = .07) as compared with parents of children without disabilities. Sociodemographic data has no influence on cortisol levels (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the caregiving of children with DS has an impact on parenting oral health and stress.

Investigation of direct and indirect association of ultra-processed food intake and periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: Ultra-processed foods are associated with both sugar intake and non-communicable diseases. We aimed to assess whether the intake of ultra-processed food is associated with periodontal disease and whether this association, if present, is dependent on non-communicable diseases. METHODS: This analysis used data from cycles 2009 to 2010, 2011 to 2012, and 2013 to 2014 of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), including participants aged 30 years or older. Dietary recalls were categorized according to the NOVA classification, and total contribution of ultra-processed foods to daily energy intake (%E) was calculated. Cases of periodontitis were defined as moderate or severe according to the CDC working group criteria for use in population surveillance of periodontitis. Adjustment variables to estimate total and direct associations were defined with directed acyclic graphs. Odds ratios were estimated with logistic regression for moderate/severe periodontitis and severe periodontitis, and ordinal logistic regression for the trichotomized outcome. Analyses were performed using NHANES fasting subsample weights. RESULTS: Sample participants numbered 4809 (52.2% female), with a mean age of 52.1 years (SE, 0.3). The prevalence of periodontal disease was 27.8% for moderate and 6.5% for severe cases. Mean %E from ultra-processed foods was 54.4 (SE, 0.5). No significant crude, direct, or total association between ultra-processed %E and periodontal disease was found. CONCLUSION: Intake of ultra-processed foods is not associated with periodontal disease in US non-institutionalized adults over 30 years old, whether directly or by mediation.

Prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/-2) infection in pregnant women in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection may cause serious disease, while pathogenicity of HTLV-2 is less certain. There are no screening or surveillance programs for HTLV-1/-2 infection in Brazil. By performing this systematic review, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1/-2 infections in pregnant women in Brazil. This review included cohort and cross-sectional studies that assessed the presence of either HTLV-1/-2 infection in pregnant women in Brazil. We searched BVS/LILACS, Cochrane Library/CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and gray literature from inception to August 2020. We identified 246 records in total. Twenty-six of those were included in the qualitative synthesis, while 17 of them were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of HTLV-1 in Brazilian pregnant women, as diagnosed by a positive screening test and a subsequent positive confirmatory test, was 0.32% (95% CI 0.19-1.54), while of HTLV-2 was 0.04% (95% CI 0.02-0.08). Subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence in the Northeast region (0.60%; 95% CI 0.37-0.97) for HTLV-1 and in the South region (0.16%; 95% CI 0.02-1.10) for HTLV-2. The prevalence of HTLV-1 is much higher than HTLV-2 infection in pregnant Brazilian women with important differences between regions. The prevalence of both HTLV-1/-2 are higher in the Northeast compared to Center-West region.

Prevalence of oral HPV infection in unvaccinated young adults in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to report the national prevalence of oral HPV infection among unvaccinated women and men aged 16-25 years who utilized the public primary care services. METHODS: POP-Brazil is a cross-sectional, multicentric, nationwide survey conducted between September 2016 and November 2017. Recruitment was based in 119 public primary care practices in 26 state capitals and the Federal District of Brazil. Trained health professionals conducted face-to-face interviews. Oral samples were collected with mouthwash and gargle cycles. Genotyping was performed using the Roche PCR-based linear array genotyping test. Sampling weights by sex and age were applied. RESULTS: Valid oral HPV samples were collected from 5071 (96.88%) participants; 4005 women and 1066 men. Mean participant age was 21.63 years. Overall HPV prevalence was 1.69% (n = 73, 95% CI 1.05-2.32). Thirty individuals presented at least one high-risk HPV type [0.57% (95% CI, 0.29-0.85)]. There were no associations between age, sex, sociodemographic characteristics, drug use or sexual behavior and oral HPV prevalence. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of oral HPV infection in Brazilian teenagers and young adults is low, with no sociodemographic or behavioral correlates.

Epidemiology and burden of chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study.

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. METHODS: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. RESULTS: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. CONCLUSION: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.

[Oral healthcare utilization during prenatal care in primary healthcare: data from PMAQ-AB]. / Utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde: dados do PMAQ-AB.

The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of utilization of prenatal oral health services and its associated factors, through data from Cycle I (2011-12) and II (2013-14) of PMAQ-AB. This was cross-sectional study with 4,340 women (Cycle I) and 6,209 women (Cycle II), with outcome of utilization oral health service in prenatal care. Multilevel Poisson regression was used for obtain prevalence ratios (PR). In Cycle I, the prevalence of prenatal oral health service utilization was 45.9% and 51.9% in cycle II. In cycle I, large municipalities (PR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.05-1.81), income ranging from 1 to 2 minimum wages (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.03-1.25), age ranging from 31 to 40 years old (PR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.15-1.54) and registry of dental appointments (PR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.06-1.29) they were associated with the outcome. In cycle II, southeast region (PR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.03-1.36), high oral healthcare coverage (PR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.01-1.22), age ranging from 31 to 40 years old (PR = 1.22; 95%CI 1.09-1.36), the health workers enrollment in permanent education actions (PR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.01-1.30) and opening times that match the user's needs (PR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.25-1.57) they were associated with the outcome. The individual factors and factors related to the organization of the healthcare service are associated with oral healthcare utilization during prenatal care.

O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal e seus fatores associados, a partir dos dados dos ciclos I (2011-12) e II (2013-14) do PMAQ-AB. Estudo transversal, com população de 4.340 mulheres (ciclo I) e de 6.209 mulheres (ciclo II), com o desfecho de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal. Regressão de Poisson Multinível foi utilizada para obtenção das razões de prevalência (RP). No ciclo I, a prevalência de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal foi de 45,9% e de 51,9%, no ciclo II. No ciclo I, municípios de grande porte (RP = 1,35; IC95% 1,05-1,81), renda entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos (RP = 1,13; IC95% 1,03-1,25), de 31 a 40 anos (RP = 1,33; IC95% 1,15-1,54) e possuir registro de consulta odontológica (RP=1,17; IC95%:1,06-1,29), estiveram associadas ao desfecho. No ciclo II, região Sudeste (RP = 1,18; IC95% 1,03-1,36), alta cobertura de saúde bucal (RP = 1,11; IC95% 1,01-1,22), ter de 31 a 40 anos (RP = 1,22; IC95% 1,09-1,36), equipe em ações de educação permanente (RP = 1,14; IC95% 1,01-1,30) e horário de funcionamento que atenda às necessidades (RP = 1,40; IC95% 1,25-1,57), estiveram associadas ao desfecho. Fatores individuais e fatores relacionados à organização do serviço estão associados à utilização de serviços de saúde bucal durante o pré-natal.

Utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde: dados do PMAQ-AB / Oral healthcare utilization during prenatal care in primary healthcare: data from PMAQ-AB

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalência de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal e seus fatores associados, a partir dos dados dos ciclos I (2011-12) e II (2013-14) do PMAQ-AB. Estudo transversal, com população de 4.340 mulheres (ciclo I) e de 6.209 mulheres (ciclo II), com o desfecho de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal. Regressão de Poisson Multinível foi utilizada para obtenção das razões de prevalência (RP). No ciclo I, a prevalência de utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal foi de 45,9% e de 51,9%, no ciclo II. No ciclo I, municípios de grande porte (RP = 1,35; IC95% 1,05-1,81), renda entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos (RP = 1,13; IC95% 1,03-1,25), de 31 a 40 anos (RP = 1,33; IC95% 1,15-1,54) e possuir registro de consulta odontológica (RP=1,17; IC95%:1,06-1,29), estiveram associadas ao desfecho. No ciclo II, região Sudeste (RP = 1,18; IC95% 1,03-1,36), alta cobertura de saúde bucal (RP = 1,11; IC95% 1,01-1,22), ter de 31 a 40 anos (RP = 1,22; IC95% 1,09-1,36), equipe em ações de educação permanente (RP = 1,14; IC95% 1,01-1,30) e horário de funcionamento que atenda às necessidades (RP = 1,40; IC95% 1,25-1,57), estiveram associadas ao desfecho. Fatores individuais e fatores relacionados à organização do serviço estão associados à utilização de serviços de saúde bucal durante o pré-natal.

Abstract The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of utilization of prenatal oral health services and its associated factors, through data from Cycle I (2011-12) and II (2013-14) of PMAQ-AB. This was cross-sectional study with 4,340 women (Cycle I) and 6,209 women (Cycle II), with outcome of utilization oral health service in prenatal care. Multilevel Poisson regression was used for obtain prevalence ratios (PR). In Cycle I, the prevalence of prenatal oral health service utilization was 45.9% and 51.9% in cycle II. In cycle I, large municipalities (PR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.05-1.81), income ranging from 1 to 2 minimum wages (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.03-1.25), age ranging from 31 to 40 years old (PR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.15-1.54) and registry of dental appointments (PR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.06-1.29) they were associated with the outcome. In cycle II, southeast region (PR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.03-1.36), high oral healthcare coverage (PR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.01-1.22), age ranging from 31 to 40 years old (PR = 1.22; 95%CI 1.09-1.36), the health workers enrollment in permanent education actions (PR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.01-1.30) and opening times that match the user's needs (PR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.25-1.57) they were associated with the outcome. The individual factors and factors related to the organization of the healthcare service are associated with oral healthcare utilization during prenatal care.

Epidemiology and burden of chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study / Epidemiologia e carga das doenças respiratórias crônicas no Brasil de 1990 a 2017: análise do Estudo Global Burden of Disease 2017

ABSTRACT: Introduction: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Results: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. Conclusion: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.

RESUMO: Introdução: No Brasil, pouco se sabe sobre as tendências das doenças respiratórias crônicas, que foram estimadas como a terceira principal causa de mortes em 2017 em todo o mundo. Métodos: Analisamos as estimativas do Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 para prevalência, incidência, mortalidade, anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (DALY), uma medida resumida de anos de vida perdidos (YLL) e anos vividos com deficiência (YLD), e fatores de risco atribuíveis a doenças respiratórias crônicas no Brasil, de 1990 a 2017. Resultados: As estimativas gerais diminuíram para todas as idades e ambos os sexos, assim como para as taxas padronizadas por idade. Para a prevalência ajustada pela idade, houve uma redução de 21% e, aproximadamente, 16% para a incidência. Houve uma redução de 42% na mortalidade para ambos os sexos, embora a taxa de mortes para homens tenha sido 30% maior do que a taxa para mulheres. O aumento no número de DALY deveu-se ao crescimento e envelhecimento da população. Observamos um aumento de 34% no número absoluto de DALYs no Brasil durante o período do estudo. A maioria das taxas de DALY foi devido a Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC). Para todas as idades e ambos os sexos, tabagismo foi o principal fator de risco atribuível. Conclusão: No Brasil, embora a mortalidade, a prevalência e a incidência de doenças respiratórias crônicas tenham diminuído ao longo dos anos, maior atenção deve ser dada ao aumento dos DALYs. O tabagismo permaneceu como principal fator de risco, apesar da redução significativa do seu uso, reforçando a necessidade de manutenção de políticas e programas direcionados à sua cessação.

Oral health self-perception in quilombola communities in Rio Grande do Sul: a cross-sectional exploratory study. / Autopercepção de saúde bucal em comunidades quilombolas no Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo transversal exploratório.

OBJECTIVE:: There's a shortage of evidence on the oral health of quilombolas. This study aims to describe oral health self-perception, as well as to verify its associated factors in quilombola communities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. METHODS:: The data for this cross-sectional health survey were collected by application of a questionnaire. Since this study was part of a survey on nutritional security, the probabilistic cluster sample was estimated for the outcome of nutritional insecurity, comprising 583 individuals across quilombola communities in Rio Grande do Sul. The association between the outcome of negative oral health self-perception and sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables was measured by prevalence ratios obtained through Poisson regressions with robust variance and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS:: Negative self-rated oral health was reported by 313 (53.1%) of the individuals. Satisfaction with chewing ability and satisfaction with oral appearance were associated with a higher prevalence of negative perception of oral health, while there was no association between the outcome and number of teeth. Use of alcohol had a borderline association with the outcome. CONCLUSION:: Satisfaction with appearance and chewing ability are factors associated with oral-health self-perception of the quilombolas in Rio Grande do Sul.

Autopercepção de saúde bucal em comunidades quilombolas no Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo transversal exploratório / Oral health self-perception in quilombola communities in Rio Grande do Sul: a cross-sectional exploratory study

RESUMO: Objetivo: Há escassez de literatura sobre a saúde bucal dos quilombolas. O presente estudo procurou descrever a autopercepção de saúde bucal, bem como verificar fatores a ela associados em comunidades quilombolas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Os dados para este estudo transversal foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário. Posto que o estudo fez parte de um levantamento sobre segurança alimentar, a amostra probabilística por conglomerado foi estimada para o desfecho de insegurança alimentar, consistindo de 583 indivíduos de comunidades quilombolas no Rio Grande do Sul. A associação entre o desfecho de autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa e variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde geral e bucal foi aferida por intermédio de razões de prevalência obtidas por meio de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Autopercepção negativa de saúde bucal foi reportada por 313 (53,1%) indivíduos. Satisfação com mastigação e com aparência bucal esteve relacionada com maior prevalência de percepção negativa de saúde bucal, não havendo associação entre o número de dentes e o desfecho. Uso de álcool teve uma associação fraca com o desfecho. Conclusão: Satisfação com aparência e mastigação é fator associado com autopercepção de saúde bucal dos quilombolas no Rio Grande do Sul.

ABSTRACT: Objective: There’s a shortage of evidence on the oral health of quilombolas. This study aims to describe oral health self-perception, as well as to verify its associated factors in quilombola communities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: The data for this cross-sectional health survey were collected by application of a questionnaire. Since this study was part of a survey on nutritional security, the probabilistic cluster sample was estimated for the outcome of nutritional insecurity, comprising 583 individuals across quilombola communities in Rio Grande do Sul. The association between the outcome of negative oral health self-perception and sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables was measured by prevalence ratios obtained through Poisson regressions with robust variance and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Negative self-rated oral health was reported by 313 (53.1%) of the individuals. Satisfaction with chewing ability and satisfaction with oral appearance were associated with a higher prevalence of negative perception of oral health, while there was no association between the outcome and number of teeth. Use of alcohol had a borderline association with the outcome. Conclusion: Satisfaction with appearance and chewing ability are factors associated with oral-health self-perception of the quilombolas in Rio Grande do Sul.

Incidence and predictors of edentulism among south Brazilian older adults.

OBJECTIVE: To identify socioeconomic, demographic, behavioural and clinical predictors of the 8-year incidence of edentulism in south Brazilian older adults. METHODS: Cohort of a representative sample of older persons in Carlos Barbosa, a south Brazil city. A cohort study was conducted using a simple random sample of 392 older people evaluated in 2004, with follow-ups in 2008 and 2012, when 199 participants were evaluated. Interviews and oral examinations were conducted. The baseline assessment was carried out in 2004, with follow-ups in 2008 and 2012. To evaluate the predictors of edentulism, Poisson regression models with robust variance were carried out. The outcome was modelled through the use of a hierarchical approach based on the conceptual framework proposed by Andersen and Davidson. RESULTS: Some 11.5% of the participants had become edentulous after 8 years. Higher income, use of partial removable dentures and low salivary flow were associated with the incidence of edentulism. CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining a good salivary function may be essential for the prevention of the incidence of edentulism in this age group. Furthermore, our findings suggest that rehabilitations with partial removable dentures may be detrimental to long-term oral health.

Prevalence of papillomavirus in Brazil: a systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a cause of premalignant and malignant cancer in the lower genital and digestive tracts. In Brazil, there have been no prevalence studies that included a nationwide sample, and the prevalence of HPV has not been determined in many regions. METHODS: We will search the EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SciELO databases and previously published review articles to identify original research articles assessing HPV prevalence of the perineal (cervical, penile and anal) and oral areas. No exclusion criteria related to language or publication date will apply. 2 reviewers will independently screen for eligibility and perform data extraction. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus; the opinion of a third reviewer will be sought as necessary. Relevant measures and data about study and population characteristics will be extracted from the included studies. Where possible, study prevalence will be pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using an adapted version of the NIH 'Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies'. The overall quality of evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: We expect to estimate the prevalence of perineal and oral HPV infection in the general population as well as the prevalence of HPV infection in individuals with premalignant and malignant lesions in Brazil and its 5 geographic regions. This systematic review does not require ethical approval. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016032751.

Change in Quality of Life and Its Association with Oral Health and Other Factors in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults-A Prospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether changes in oral health status were associated with decline in quality of life (QoL). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Carlos Barbosa, southern Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: A random sample of 872 community-dwelling individuals aged 60 and older was evaluated in 2004. The current study population consisted of 389 participants available for follow-up in 2012. MEASURES: Change in QoL was assessed through the use of the short version of the World Health Organization QoL Assessment tool (WHOQOL-BREF) at baseline and follow-up. Each WHOQOL domain generates a score, with changes being calculated for each domain. Individuals with the same or higher scores at follow-up were categorized as having improved QoL, and those with lower scores were categorized as having a decline in QoL. Sociodemographic and health variables were assessed in an interview, and tooth loss, use of dental prostheses, and satisfaction with chewing ability and oral appearance were verified through oral examinations. Interviews and examinations were repeated. Risk ratios (RRs) relative to the outcome and independent variables were estimated using Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator. RESULTS: Tooth loss was a risk factor for decline in the psychological domain of QoL (RR = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.06). Improvement in satisfaction with chewing ability was a protective factor for decline in this same domain (RR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.50-0.97). Greater satisfaction with oral appearance was a protective factor against decline in social (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.98) and environmental (RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61-0.97) domain scores. CONCLUSION: Preventing tooth loss and recognizing and properly addressing concerns about chewing and dental appearance can affect the general well-being of community-dwelling elderly adults.