RESUMO
The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and pubertal development. Children (n=192; 41% with PCE) completed the Pubertal Development Scale (Petersen et al. 1988) and provided salivary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) samples at 6month intervals from 11 to 13years. PCE was examined as a predictor of pubertal status, pubertal tempo, and DHEA levels in mixed models analyses controlling for age, sex, environmental risk, neonatal medical problems, other prenatal exposures, and BMI. PCE interacted with age such that PCE predicted slower pubertal tempo during early adolescence. PCE also interacted with age to predict slower increases in DHEA levels during early adolescence. These findings suggest that PCE may affect pubertal development and, if slower pubertal tempo continues, could lead to delayed pubertal status in mid-adolescence.
Assuntos
Cocaína/efeitos adversos , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/etiologia , Inibidores da Captação de Dopamina/efeitos adversos , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Desidroepiandrosterona/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/etiologia , Saliva/metabolismo , Caracteres SexuaisAssuntos
Sintomas Comportamentais/genética , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/genética , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/genética , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/psicologia , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Pré-Escolar , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/psicologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/diagnósticoRESUMO
Psychiatric care for children and adolescents is limited in remote and underserved areas because of the shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists. Telepsychiatry has the potential to alleviate this problem. This article reviews the procedures used to develop telepsychiatry, equipment needed for videoconferencing in telepsychiatry, benefits and limitations of telepsychiatry, and confidentiality issues in telepsychiatry. Many questions regarding confidentiality, legality, reimbursement, cost-effectiveness, and technology still need to be resolved. However, telepsychiatry has the potential to be a useful treatment alternative.