Melatonin and sleep responses to normobaric hypoxia and aerobic physical exercise: A randomized controlled trial.

This work evaluated the effects of moderate physical exercise performed under hypoxic conditions on melatonin and sleep. Forty healthy men were randomized into four groups: Normoxia (N) (n = 10); Hypoxia (H) (n = 10); Exercise under Normoxia (EN) (n = 10); and Exercise under Hypoxia (EH) (n = 10). The observation period for all groups was approximately 36 h, beginning with a first night devoid of any intervention. Aerobic exercise was performed by the EN and EH groups on a treadmill at 50% of the ventilatory threshold intensity for 60 min. Sleep evaluation was performed on the 1st and 2nd nights. Venous blood samples for the melatonin measurement were obtained on the 1st and 2nd days at 7:30 AM as well as on the 1st and 2nd nights at 10:30 PM. On the 2nd night, melatonin was higher in the H group than in the N group, but both were lower than values of the EH group. The nocturnal increase in melatonin was inversely correlated with the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2%) on the 2nd night in the H group and on the 2nd day in the EH group. Diurnal remission of nocturnal melatonin appeared to be postponed in the H group and even more so in the EH group. Thus, normobaric hypoxia, which is equivalent to oxygen availability at an altitude of 4500 m, acutely increases melatonin. Moreover, diurnal remission of the nocturnal increase in melatonin seems to be delayed by hypoxia alone but even more so when acting together with exercise.

Efeitos de um programa de jogos pre-desportivos nos aspectos psicobiologicos de idosas / The effects of a program of teaching games in psychobiological aspects of elderly women

OBJETIVO: Investigar o efeito de um programa de jogos pré-desportivos (JPD) nos aspectos psicobiológicos de idosas. MÉTODOS: 53 voluntárias idosas foram distribuídas em dois grupos: grupo Ativo (n=27) - submetido a um programa de JPD composto por atividades esportivas adaptadas, por seis meses, três vezes semanais, por uma hora; grupo Controle (n=26) - orientado a não modificar sua rotina, não se engajando em nenhum programa de atividade física sistematizada. A média (±desvio-padrão) da idade, estatura, massa corporal, índice de massa corpórea foram: 67,91±6,11anos; 1,55±0,06cm; 80,68±8,45kg; e 33,41±2,62kg/m2, respectivamente. Antes e após o início do programa proposto, as voluntárias responderam a uma bateria psicobiológica composta por: miniexame do estado mental; escala de sonolência de Epworth; índice de qualidade de sono de Pittsburgh; SF-36; escala geriátrica de depressão; IDATE-Traço/Estado; escala de humor de Brunel; nível de atividade física habitual; e questionário de imagem corporal. RESULTADOS : Após o término do período experimental, o grupo Ativo apresentou melhores respostas psicobiológicas de humor, representadas por menores escores de ansiedade, menores escores de depressão, melhor qualidade de vida com aumento da capacidade funcional e da vitalidade, além de melhora da imagem corporal, quando comparado ao grupo Controle. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que um programa de seis meses de JPD produz impacto positivo nos aspectos psicobiológicos de idosas. .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a program of teaching games (TG) in psychobiological aspects of elderly women. METHODS: 53 female elderly volunteers were distributed in two groups: Active group (n=27) participating of a TG program composed by adapted sporting activities for six months, three times a week, for one hour; Control group (n=26) was told not to change their routine and not to start any physical exercise regular program. The mean (±standard-deviation) of height, weight, BMI were: 67.91±6.11years; 1.55±0.06cm; 80.68±8.45kg; and 33.41±2.62kg/m2, respectively. Before and after of program proposed, the volunteers answered a psychobiology battery composed by: mini-mental state examination; Epworth sleepiness scale; Pittsburgh sleep quality index; SF-36; geriatric depression scale; STAI-trait/state; Brunel mood scale; habitual physical activity; and body shape questionnaire. RESULTS: After the intervention period, the Active group showed better human psychobiological answers, represented by lower scores of anxiety and depression, better quality of life with increased functional capacity and vitality, and improved body image, when compared to the Control group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a 6-month TG program improves psychobiological aspects of elderly women. .