Effects of caloric restriction and ketogenic diet on renal fibrosis after ischemia/reperfusion injury.

The beneficial effects of caloric restriction (CR) and a ketogenic diet (KD) have been previously shown when performed prior to kidney injury. We investigated the effects of CR and KD on fibrosis development after unilateral kidney ischemia/reperfusion (UIR). Post-treatment with CR significantly (p < 0.05) affected blood glucose (2-fold decrease), ketone bodies (3-fold increase), lactate (1.5-fold decrease), and lipids (1.4-fold decrease). In the kidney, CR improved succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase activity by 2-fold each, but worsened fibrosis progression. Similar results were shown for the KD, which restored the post-UIR impaired activities of succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (which was decreased 2-fold) but had no effect on fibrosis progression. Thus, our study shows that the use of CR or KD after UIR did not reduce the development of fibrosis, as shown by hydroxyproline content, western-blotting, and RT-PCR, whereas it caused significant metabolic changes in kidney tissue after UIR.

[Complex physiotherapy for the rehabilitation of patients with postoperative facial muscles paresis]. / Kompleks miogimnastiki kak metod reabilitatsii patsientov s posleoperatsionnymi oslozhneniyami v vide pareza mimicheskoi muskulatury.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was the increasing the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of postoperative complications in the patients with benign tumors of the parotid salivary gland through the combined use of medications, acupuncture, hirudotherapy and a complex of physiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 94 patients with postoperative complications after surgical treatment of benign tumors of the parotid salivary gland. All patients suffering from paresis of facial muscles were prescribed a physiotherapy complex developed during the study consisting of two series of exercises with alternating execution of the series every other day. The exercises begin with the upper third of the face, gradually descending to the lower third. A series of exercises is performed every hour and a half, the session duration is twenty minutes, the course is 14 days. The exercises are performed by the patient in front of the mirror, gently and at a slow pace. RESULTS: The duration of the recovery period of motor function of the facial muscles on the affected side was 31.2±19.6 days, with the amplitude of the M-response 1.45±0.28 mV, the duration of the M-response 8.04±0.27 ms and the latent time during EMG 3.18±0.86 ms. Conclusion. The combined treatment, which included surgical and conservative treatment complex with methods of acupuncture, hirudotherapy and physiotherapy, was significantly more effective (p<0.05) in terms of the severity of paresis of facial muscles than in the control group.

Experimental study on needle insertion force to minimize tissue deformation in tongue tissue.

This study reports on the effects of insertion velocity, needle tip geometry and needle diameter on tissue deformation and maximum insertion force. Moreover, the effect of multiple insertions with the same needle on the maximum insertion force is reported. The tissue deformation and maximum insertion force strongly depend on the insertion velocity and the tip geometry. No correlation was found between the outer diameter and the maximum insertion force for small needles (30G - 32G). The endurance experiments showed no remarkable difference in the maximum insertion force during 100 insertions.