Breast conserving surgery in multicentric breast cancer, preliminary data of our experience.

INTRODUCTION: It is widely supported that multicentric disease of the breast (MCDB) is a contraindication of breast conservative surgery (BCS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a multicentric study (two breast cancer units from Greece, one from France) involving patients with at least two primary tumors in separate quadrants of the breast and no diffuse suspicious microcalcifications on mammography. Sixty-one patients were included in the study, but 49 were followed up to the end. Patients were randomly assigned in total mastectomy (TM) and BCS groups. End point of the study was disease-free survival rates three and five years after initial operation. RESULTS: Three years after BCS, local recurrence (LR) was observed in two patients (7%) and one after five years (total recurrence rate: 11%). A TM was performed in these patients, and in two there was no LR or distant metastasis (DM) five years after. The third patient was disease free two-years later. Three years after TM, eight patients (36.4%) had DM and 14 (63.6%) did not (p = 0.004). Five years after TM, eight patients (36.4%) had DM and 14 patients (63.6%) di not (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The results showed that conservative surgery was an alternative surgical option in multicentric breast cancer with good results regarding disease-free survival and recurrence.

Accuracy of intraoperative pathological examination of SLN in cervical cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Early cervical cancer patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis do not benefit from radical hysterectomy. Assessment of the SLN status is thus crucial before deciding to perform a radical hysterectomy as opposed to aortic dissection only followed by definitive radiation therapy. Accuracy of frozen section of SLN has been questioned and deserves further investigation. METHODS: Stage IA-IB1 cervical cancer patients who underwent SLN then full pelvic dissection at the Claudius Regaud Cancer Center in Toulouse, France, were included. RESULTS: At least one SLN was identified in all 94 patients. Bilateral detection rate was 80.8%. Ectopic drainage area was found in 19 patients (20.2%). Sentinel lymph node involvement was found in 11 patients (11.7%). Sensitivity and NPV of frozen section pathological examination for the detection of macrometastatic disease was 100%, sensitivity for the detection of macro and micrometastatic disease, excluding ITC, was 88.9%, and NPV was 98.8%. Micrometastasis and isolated tumor cells (ITC) undetected at frozen section examination were found in 1 patient (1.06%) and 2 lymph nodes (1.24%), and in 2 patients (2.13%) and 2 lymph nodes (1.24%), respectively. Final pathology sensitivity of SLN was 100% for both macro and micrometastatic disease, including ITC. CONCLUSION: In our institution, intraoperative frozen examination of SLN accurately predicts the status of pelvic lymph nodes and is effective for selecting intraoperatively the group of patients who benefit from radical hysterectomy. In addition, our results suggest that patients with small tumors and bilateral detection of SLN can be spared full pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Voiding difficulties after vaginal mesh cystocele repair: does the perivesical dissection matter?

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Our purpose was to verify whether extensive dissection toward the sacrospinous ligament (SSL) needed for mesh fixation during anterior compartment repair increases the risk of postoperative voiding difficulties. METHODS: A total of 124 patients after anterior compartment mesh repair without simultaneous suburethral sling placement operated on in the period 2005-2012 were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. Patients with previous anti-incontinence surgery with normal urodynamics were not excluded; 30 patients with incomplete data, severe perioperative complications, and urinary retention before and after the surgery were excluded. Urinary retention was defined as post-void residual over 150 ml more than 48 h after permanent catheter removal. The rate of urinary retention after anterior compartment repair by mesh anchored to the SSL from an anterior approach (SSLS group) was compared to that following transobturator mesh repair often combined with SSL fixation from the posterior approach (TOT group). RESULTS: Of the 94 patients considered for statistical analysis, 62 were from the SLSS group and 32 from the TOT group. The groups were comparable in age (mean 65.5 vs 66.3), body mass index (24.8 vs 25.9), and parity (2.4 vs 2.9). Patients from the SSLS group had higher rates of prior vaginal reconstructive (27 vs 19 %) and anti-incontinence surgery (26 vs 19 %). Postoperative urinary retention was statistically significantly more frequent in the SSLS group compared to the TOT group [(17 (27 %) vs 2 (6.25 %), odds ratio 5.7, 95 % confidence interval 1.2-26.3, p = 0.027]. Hospital discharge with self-catheterization was statistically insignificantly more frequent in the SSLS group [8 % (5) vs 3 % (1)]. CONCLUSIONS: Extensive dissection needed for SSL suspension from an anterior approach may lead to more frequent postoperative voiding difficulties. This phenomenon could be explained by more considerable injury to pelvic splanchnic nerves during the dissection. A large prospective study is needed for validation of our results.

[Utero-vaginal suspension using a bilateral vaginal anterior sacrospinous fixation with mesh. Preliminary results]. / Suspension utéro-vaginale par sacrospinofixation antérieure bilatérale prothétique par voie vaginale. Résultats préliminaires.

OBJECTIVE: To assess anatomical and functional preliminary results, and safety of a new surgical approach for a combined treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) of anterior and medium compartments, using a mesh attached through the sacrospinous ligaments with the UpHold(®) system (Boston Scientific) and the Capio(®). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A longitudinal case series of 59 consecutive patients operated between October 2009 and January 2012, by five senior surgeons in a single tertiary unit. RESULTS: Mean age was 66.9 years. Ten patients (17%) had previous pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery. There was no intraoperative complication. Mean follow-up was 12 months. Anatomical success for both anterior and apical compartments, i.e. Ba and C/D point<1, was 93% (52/56). Anatomical results shown correction of cystocele with a mean Ba point from+0.79 cm (range -3 to +8) to -2.35 cm (range -3 to 0), correction of uterine/vaul prolapse with a mean C/D point from+0.14 cm (range -6 to+8) to -7.29 cm (range -9 to -1), and correction of rectocele with a mean Bp point from -0.68 cm (range -3 to 7) to -2.77 cm (range -3 to -1). Two patients required further surgery for mesh exposure (3.5%). One patient had a unilateral pudendal neuropathic pain postoperatively. CONCLUSION: In the current series, utero-vaginal suspension using a bilateral vaginal anterior sacrospinous fixation with mesh was associated with good anatomical success rates. Prospective, comparative and long-term data are needed.

[Laparoscopic colorectal resection for deep pelvic endometriosis: Evaluation of post-operative outcome]. / Résections rectosigmoïdiennes cœlioscopiques pour endométriose digestive : résultats chirurgicaux et fonctionnels.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of mid-term functional results and the quality of life after laparoscopic colorectal resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive patients were included in a retrospective monocentric study. Postoperative functional outcomes and quality of life were analyzed. RESULTS: The median follow-up after colorectal resection was of 24±15.7 months (6-72). Major complications occurred in three cases (12,9%) including one anastomotic stenosis, one digestive and one bladder fistula. A significant improvement in pelvic pain symptoms was observed. De novo constipation and pain on defecation occurred in respectively 23% and 42% of the cases. Transient de novo dysuria occurred in 18% of the cases. The quality of life has been significantly improved. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic colorectal resection is associated with unfavourable postoperative digestive and urological outcomes, such as bladder and rectal dysfunction. Radical treatment should be limited to selected patients.

[Surgical treatment of prolapse using coelioscopic promontofixation: techniques and results]. / Traitement chirurgical du prolapsus par promontofixation coelioscopique. techniques et résultats.

The laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is the preferred procedure for the young woman. The procedure is that used for pelvic laparoscopy. The steps are identical as during open sacrocolpopexy, with the advantages of pneumodissection and better vision. The success rate is more than 90% and redux is mostly cystocele. Mesh erosion is reported in 2,7 to 9%. The indication for a posterior mesh is recommended if there is a rectocele or if a colposuspension at the same time. The fixation of the mesh must be posteriorly on the central tendon of perineum and the levator ani with a non resorbable stitches. The best mesh is type I in Amid classification. The comparative studies with open sacrocolpopexy and sacrospinifixation show an advantage for pain and hospital stay, but greater operative time for identical results. In preliminary results, the robotic abdominal sacrocolpopexy give the same results with a greater cost.

[Incidence of the impact of cognitive processes on the symbolization process; their evolution during treatment]. / Incidence du cognitif sur les processus de symbolisation; leur évolution dans la cure.

This article depicts the therapy of a child whose lack of language is related both to cognitive deficiencies and psychological conflicts. The relation between the two, the place of gesture in his symbolic system and the factors of evolution are the main points examined hereafter.

[The relation between unemployment and health : a prospective study : brief presentation and preliminary results of a study.]. / La relation chômage-santé : une étude prospective. Présentation sommaire et premiers résultats d'une recherche.

In 1984, the authors undertook a major study on the multiple interrelations between unemployment and health. Tlie methodology in use is prospective, longitudinal, with a control group. Their presentation consists of a synthesis of work carried out so far followed by corresponding results. These results are in compliance with the four hypotheses developed through a priori reasoning. However, these results are not definitive. The analysis continues.

Acalculous cholecystitis: its role as a complication of major burn injury.

The authors present four cases of acute acalculous cholecystitis complicating major burn injury and review the recent literature on acalculous cholecystitis. All patients were men and ranged in age from 22 to 40 years. The mean extent of the burn was 50% of the total body surface area, with an average 29% third-degree component. All four patients survived. Because of their severity, major burn injuries expose patients to many risks, including acute acalculous cholecystitis. Recent experimental evidence supports a vascular insult through the activation of Factor XII pathways as the initial event. A diagnosis is made on clinical grounds, supported by laboratory and ultrasonographic findings, in a patient with a burn covering more than 30% of the total body surface area and who has signs of acute cholecystitis. Cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice; tube cholecystostomy is reserved for critically ill patients.