Immediate results of balloon valvuloplasty in congenital pulmonary valve stenosis.

INTRODUCTION: Balloon Valvuloplasty is the first-line treatment for congenital valve pulmonary stenosis (PS) in children and adults. METHODS: We reported immediate results of balloon valvuloplasty in congenital pulmonary stenosis from 2014 to 2019. RESULTS: BPV was performed in 40 patients, the diagnosis was based on cardiac ultrasound data showing valvular dysplasia in 92% of cases, the main associated anomaly is FOP in 22.5% of cases,  immediate success (defined by a peak-to-peak gradient after the DPPC of less than 50mmHg) was found in 88% of cases, allowing a significant reduction in mean  peak to peak pressure among pulmonary valve  from 69.65mmHg to 30.19mmHg. After BV 11% of patients maintained a high gradient, the independent predictive factors were valvular dysplasia and the small diameter of the ring an immediate post procedural infundibular reaction was noted in 25% of cases mainly related to valvular dysplasia. The mortality of the procedure was zero and morbidity was low. mild pulmonary regurgitation was found in all patients. CONCLUSION: PV has been established as the treatment of choice for valvular PR with few complications. Following its satisfactory immediate results, the indications quickly extended to critical pulmonary stenosis in newborns and late discovery forms in adults.

Early screening of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy by echocardiography and myocardial biomarkers.

INTRODUCTION: cardiotoxicity remains the most serious complication of anticancer chemotherapy, especially if it manifests by heart failure. Early detection of myocardial involvement, before alteration of LVEF, would involve the necessary measures to be taken to prevent progression to heart failure. AIM: Early detection of the cadiotoxicity of anti-cancer chemotherapy, through clinical, echocardiographic and biological parameters. METHODS: Prospective comparative study in a cohort of 100 patients treated with anti-cancer cardiotoxic chemotherapy for any type of cancer. Each patient received before his first course of chemotherapy, as well as three weeks after, a clinical evaluation, electrocardiography, echocardiography and an assay of biological markers. RESULTS: for the LV study (LVEF (Tei): before CT: 67.75 ± 5.53, after CT 64.7 ± 5.6%, p = 0.002; LVEF (SBP): before CT: 64.5 ± 3.83, after CT 61.85 ± 1.9%, p <0.001; SLGVG: before CT: -21.85 ± 1.9, after CT: -20.08 ± 1.63%, p <0.001) and for the study of the DV (TAPSE: before CT: 22.9 ± 3.02, after CT: 21 ± 2.86, p = 0.014; SLGVD: before CT: -23.42 ± 2.69, after CT: -21.67 ± 2.6%, p = 0.004). Variations in troponin levels and BNP was not significant. CONCLUSION: anticancer chemotherapy has harmful cardiovascular effects which can be detected and controlled p by echocardiographic monitoring and  biological markers and prevented by the use of protective agents.

[Study of unexpectedly detected repolarization in a group of black athletes]. / Etude de la repolarisation chez les sportifs de race noire.

INTRODUCTION: Sudden death that occurs during sporting activity affects patients with ignored heart disease. Black athlete's ECG has been little studied and the features of this ethnic group have been discussed. This study aims to study the epidemiological profile and the peculiarities of repolarization of black athletes. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive study of black athletes selected among all the athletes followed in the sectoral Center of Sports Science and Medicine in Sousse over a period of 8 months from March to October 2014. Data were collected using a medical questionnaire. RESULTS: Data on 35 athletes were collected, with a male predominance (94,28%), with an average age of 24,34 years. Four athletes had left ventricular hypertrophy on cardiac ultrasound. There were 8 athletes with atrioventricular block degree I and 8 athletes with electrical type of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). ST segment changes were more marked at the level of precordial leads. Five athletes (14.2%) had inverted T waves in V2 and V3. These were the same athletes who ST-segment depression in these same leads. Early repolarization was found in 3 athletes. All these cases had notch signaling. CONCLUSION: Black athletes have quite specific electrical modifications which are important to know. However, our sample is not sufficiently large to certify these results. A comparative study of white athletes would be very interesting.

Nutritional fatty acid quality of raw and cooked farmed and wild sea bream (Sparus aurata).

The effects of steaming, grilling, and frying in corn and sunflower oils, respectively, on the fatty acid compositions of farmed and wild sea bream were evaluated. The lipid content increased with frying in both oil types. The maximum moisture value was found in steamed fish (P<0.05). Fried sea bream in corn and sunflower oils contained a lower content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05) (3.87 and 5.32% of total fatty acids (TFA) in farmed fish and 2.96 and 2.14% TFA in wild fish). The n-3/n-6 ratio decreased significantly after cooking, particularly after frying in corn and sunflower oils, respectively: from 2.51 to 0.08 and 0.12 in farmed fish and from 0.94 to 0.06 and 0.04 in wild fish. The trans fatty acid levels remain stable after steaming and grilling, but they were significantly affected by frying. Our results reveal that the cooking process has considerable effect on the fatty acid compositions of farmed and wild sea bream.