Increased serum neopterin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 5-10% of premenopausal women. Studies suggest that PCOS is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). To investigate this relationship, 15 PCOS women (group 1) and 10 healthy women (group 2) were studied. Blood leukocyte counts (white blood cells, WBC) and serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, sensitive C-reactive protein (sCRP), and neopterin were measured in the 2 groups. There were no significant differences in serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol concentrations between groups 1 and 2. Blood WBC counts and serum levels of neopterin and sCRP were significantly higher in group 1 than group 2. The median (min-max) levels were: WBC, group 1: 8.05 (5.10-9.70) cells x 10(9)/L, group 2: 6.25 (4.70-9.70) cells x 10(9)/L (p <0.01); neopterin, group 1: 10.6 (7.5-49.5) nmol/L, group 2: 9.6 (6.5-12.9) nmol/L (p < 0.05); and sCRP, group 1: 7.0 (1.2-12.0) mg/L, group 2: 2.0 (0.1-12.0) mg/L (p <0.01). This study shows that blood WBC counts and serum sCRP and neopterin levels are significantly elevated in women with PCOS. These findings support an increased risk for early-onset cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS. This is the first report that women with PCOS have higher serum neopterin levels than healthy women with regular menstrual cycles.

C-reactive protein and neopterin levels in healthy non-obese adults.

BACKGROUND: Obesity and increased waist-to-hip ratio, emphasizing the importance of truncal obesity, have been found to correlate positively with increased cardiovascular disease risk and mortality. Owing to the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis, the aim of our study was to find possible correlations between body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, and the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and neopterin in healthy lean and overweight adults. METHODS: A total of 49 healthy adults (mean age 42.4 +/- 1.8 years, 32 females and 17 males) were classified according to their body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio values. CRP and neopterin levels were measured. RESULTS: CRP levels were found to be significantly higher in the group with BMI > or = 25 kg/m2 compared to the group with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (p = 0.014). Subjects with increased waist-to-hip ratio displayed significantly higher serum CRP and neopterin levels (p = 0.014 and p = 0.033, respectively) compared with the group in which the waist-to-hip ratio was < 0.9. A strong positive correlation was found between CRP and BMI in the whole group (r = 0.658, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Grouping overweight subjects according to their waist-to-hip ratio, which is an indicator of truncal obesity, seems to be convenient in studying the inflammatory process in relation to the elevation of adipose tissue. Elevated CRP and neopterin levels may be useful in the assessment of cardiovascular risk in overweight as well as obese subjects.