Mandibular Fixed Prosthesis With A 3d-Printed Subperiosteal Implant: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: This case report aims to present the successful restoration of the atrophic partially edentulous posterior mandible using custom-made subperiosteal implants. CASE DESCRIPTION: The fixed prosthesis restoration was achieved using CAD-CAM technologies and 3D metal printing methods. The partially edentulous 58-year-old patient expressed a preference not to undergo bone augmentation procedures. The patient with teeth in the anterior mandible was treated with two separate custom-made subperiosteal implants. A custom-made prosthesis was fabricated from sintered titanium using machined subperiosteal implants with a universal external connection. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Subperiosteal implants offer several advantages over conventional bone grafting plus intraosseous implant placement techniques, such as the simple, one-step procedure for atrophic jaws, streamlining the treatment process and reducing the overall time involved. Treatments using subperiosteal implants can be an alternative solution for individuals with severely atrophic jaws. Longer-term studies in a larger sample are warranted to corroborate previous reports.

Systemic effect of calcium silicate-based cements with different radiopacifiers-histopathological analysis in rats.

Aim: This in vivo study aimed to examine the systemic effects of contemporary calcium silicate cements (CSC) contain different radiopacifiers in rats. Materials & Methods: Polyethylene tubes filled with BIOfactor MTA (BIO), Neo MTA Plus (NEO), MTA Repair HP (REP), Biodentine (DENT) and empty tubes (control group) were implanted into the subcutaneous tissues of 80 male Spraque Dawley rats for 7 and 30 days (n = 8). After 7 and 30 day, samples of liver and kidney tissues were submitted to histopathological analysis. Blood samples were collected to evaluate changes in hepatic and renal functions of rats. Wilcoxon and post hoc Dunn Bonferroni tests were used to compare between the 7th and 30th days in order to evaluate the histopathological data. Paired-sample t-test was used to compare laboratory values between the 7th and 30th days, ANOVA analysis and a post hoc Tukey test were used to compare values between groups (p < 0.05). Results: On the 7th day, REP, BIO and NEO groups were statistically similar in kidney tissue and the degree of inflammation was found to be significantly higher in these groups compared to the control and DENT groups. On the 30th day, the degree of inflammation of the REP and NEO groups in the kidney tissue was found to be significantly higher than the control, BIO and DENT groups. Although the inflammation in the liver was moderate and mild on the 7th and 30th days, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Vascular congestion was evaluated as mild and moderate in kidney and liver in all groups, and no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. While there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the 7th day AST, ALT and urea values, when the creatinine values were compared, the DENT and NEO groups were found to be statistically similar and significantly lower than the control group. On the 30th day, ALT values were statistically similar between the groups. The AST values of the BIO group were found to be significantly higher than the DENT group. While BIO, DENT, NEO and control groups had statistically similar urea values, the REP group was found to be significantly higher than the other groups. The creatinine value of the REP group was significantly higher than the groups other than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CSCs with different radiopacifiers had similar and acceptable effects on the histological examination of the kidneys and liver systemically, and serum ALT, AST, urea, creatinine levels.

Evaluation of the Effects of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Guided Bone Regeneration in Peri-Implant Bone Defect.

In this study, the authors aim to investigate the effect of dual antiplatelet agents on peri-implant-guided bone regeneraation by studying a sample of rats with titanium implants in their tibias. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA; ASA+CLPD (Clopidogrel): (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 30 mg/kg of clopidogrel; ASA+PRSG (Prasugrel): (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 15 mg/kg of prasugrel; ASA+TCGR (Ticagrelor): (n=10), treated with 20 mg/kg of ASA and 300 mg/kg of ticagrelor; and a control group (n=10) received no further treatment after implant surgery. Bone defects created half of the implant length circumferencial after implant insertion and defects filled with bone grafts. After 8 weeks experimental period, the rats sacrified and implants with surrounding bone tissues were collected to histologic analysis; bone filling ratios of defects (%) and blood samples collected to biochemical analysis (urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and parathormone). A statistically significant difference was not detected between the groups for all parameters ( P >0.05). When the percentage of new bone formation was examined, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P >0.05). Antiplatelet therapy may not adversely affect guided bone regeneration in peri-implant bone defects.

Osseointegration Levels of Implants Placed With Allogenic and Xenogenic Bone Ring: An Experimental Biomechanical Analysis.

This in vivo study aimed to do a biomechanical analysis of the early period bone-implant connection of titanium implants simultaneously inserted with xsenogenic and allogenic bone ring. In this study, 28 Sprague Dawley female rats were used. Four rats were killed to obtain an allogenic bone ring, and after this, the remaining rats were divided into control (n=8), xsenogenic (n=8), and allogenic (n=8) bone ring groups. Titanium-machined surfaced implants were integrated right tibias of the rats. In controls, only implants were integrated into right tibias. In the greft groups, the implants were integrated simultaneously with bone rings. After 2 weeks of the experimental period, the rats were killed ,and titanium implants and surrounding bone tissues were removed for biomechanic analysis. After biomechanical reverse torque analysis bone-implant connection was determined as Newton/cm 2 ; in controls 3.26 (1.2 to 4.5), in allogenic ring group 3.37 (2 to 4.4), in xsenogenic ring group 5.93 (2.8 to 10). Statistically significant differences were not detected between the groups ( P >0.05). Within the limitation of this study, both allogenic and xsenogenic bone grafts could be successfully used in bone augmentation in implant surgery.

Evaluation of the Effects of Systemic Irisin Application on Guided Bone Regeneration in Peri-implant Bone Defects.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic irisin hormone application on new bone formation in peri-implant bone defects. After surgically creating peri-implant bone defects in the metaphyseal part of the tibiae of rats, the rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: a control group and an irisin group. In the control group, the rats received no further treatment during the 4-week experimental period after the surgery. The rats in the irisin group, 100 ng/kg irisin was administered intraperitoneally 3 days a week during the 8 weeks experimental period after the surgery. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were euthanized. Implants and surrounding bone tissues were collected for histological new bone formation analysis. The Student t test was used for statistical analysis. There were no significant differences between the groups in the histological analysis, new bone formation and fibrosis (P>0.05). Also, in the irisin group, there was numerically but not statistically more new bone formation detected compared with the controls. Within the limitations of this study, irisin did not affect new bone formation in peri-implant defects, although the numerical values favored the irisin group.

Evaluation of the effects of the systemic proton pump inhibitor-omeprazole on periimplant bone regeneration and osseointegration: An experimental study.

Objective: Investigations of the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on bone healing have revealed that they affect bone regeneration negatively. The exact mechanism by which this adverse effect on bone tissue is not known. The aim of this study is to biomechanic and biochemical investigation of the effects of the PPIs on guided periimplant bone regeneration. Material & methods: Spraque dawley rats were divided controls (n = 8): there is no treatment during 8 week experimental period, PPI- Dosage 1 (n = 8) and Dosage 2 (n = 8): 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg omeprazol applied 3 times in a week with oral gavage during 8 weeks respectfully. Bone defects created half of the implant length circumferencial after implant insertion and defects filled with bone grafts. After experimental period the rats sacrified and implants with surrounding bone tissues were removed to reverse torque analysis (Newton), blood samples collected to biochemical analysis (glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, urea, creatinin, calcium, P). Results: Biomechanic reverse torque values did not revealed any statistical differences between the groups (P > 0,05). Conclusion: According the biomechanical and biochemical parameters PPIs does not effect the periimplant guided bone regeneration.

Effect of Primary Stabilisation on Osseointegration of Implants With Local and Systemic Zoledronic Acid Application.

ABSTRACT: Primary stabilization (PS) is defined as initial tight fit during the surgical placement of an implant. Tight implant placement is quite difficult in cases where bone quality and quantity are insufficient. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a powerful bisphosphonate that prevents bone resorption. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of local and systemic ZA application on osseointegration in titanium implants with and without PS. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 main groups, with PS, PS + (n = 24), and without primary stabilisation, PS - (n = 24). These main groups were divided into control (n = 8), 2mg/1 mL local ZA (n = 8) and 0.1mg/kg systemic ZA (n = 8) groups. All of the subjects were sacrificed after a 4-week recovery period. Bone implant connection (BiC) and thread filling (TF) (%) of the samples was analyzed according to the non-decalcified histological analysis method. In terms of BiC percentages and TF, statistically significant differences were found between the groups with and without PS and between the ZA treatment groups ( P < 0.05). The common effect of PS and ZA use on the percentage of BIC was found to be statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The common effect of PS and acid type on TF was not statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that systemic and local administration of ZA may increase implant osseointegration.

Evaluation of the Effects of Systemic Irisin Hormone Application on Osseointegration of Titanium Implants: An Experimental Study.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to conduct a biomechanical investigation of the effects of systemic irisin hormone application on the osseointegration of titanium implants in rat tibias. After surgical implementation of titanium implants in the metaphyseal part of the tibiae of rats, the rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: control group (n = 10) and irisin group (n = 10). After surgery in the control group, the rats received no further treatment during the 4-week experimental period. The rats in the irisin group were given 100 ng/kg irisin every day for the 4-week experimental period after surgery. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were euthanized. implants and surrounding bone tissues were collected for biomechanical (Newton) bone implant connection analysis. The Student t test was used for statistical analysis. There were no significant differences in the biomechanical osseointeration values (Newton) of the groups ( P  > 0.05, P   =  0.59). Also, in the irisin group, there was numerically but not statistically more bone implant connection than in the controls. Within the limitations of this study, irisin did not affect the osseointegration of titanium implants.

Evaluation of the Effects of Topical Application of Chlorhexidine, Ozone, and Metronidazole on Palatal Wound Healing: A Histopathological Study.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chlorhexidine, metronidazole, and ozone application on the healing of palatal wounds in diabetic rats. A defect in the form of a 4 mm-diameter wound was created on the palatal mucosa of 84 adult female Wistar albino rats, which were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, chlorhexidine, metronidazole, and ozone groups. The animals were euthanized after 3, 6, and 10 days, and wound closure was histologically assessed. On day 3, polymorphonuclear leukocytes were significantly higher in the control group than in the chlorhexidine and ozone groups ( P < 0.05). Fibrosis was higher in the ozone group than in the control and chlorhexidine groups ( P < 0.05). Vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in the metronidazole and ozone groups than in the control group ( P < 0.05). On day 6, the quantity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was higher in the control, metronidazole, and chlorhexidine groups than in the ozone group ( P < 0.05). Vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in the ozone group than in the control, chlorhexidine, and metronidazole groups ( P < 0.05). On day 10, Vascular endothelial growth factor was higher in the control, chlorhexidine, and metronidazole groups than in the ozone group ( P < 0.05). The authors concluded that the use of chlorhexidine, ozone, and metronidazole pastes resulted in enhanced wound healing, as determined histologically.The authors suggest that ozone supplementation can be an alternative therapy to chlorhexidine in impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus.

Effects of Systemic Propranolol Application on the New Bone Formation in Periimplant Guided Bone Regeneration.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this experimental animal study was to evaluate the effects of systemic propranolol on new bone formation in peri-implant bone defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Implant slots were created 4mm long and 2.5 mm wide. After the titanium implants were placed in the sockets, 2 mm defects were created in the neck of the implants. Bone grafts were placed in these defects. Then the rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: control (n = 8), propranolol dose-1 (PRP-1) (n = 8), and propranolol dose-2 (PRP-2) (n = 8) groups. In the control group, the rats received no further treatment during the eight-week experimental period after the surgery. The rats in the PRP-1 and PRP-2 groups were given 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg propranolol, respectively, every three days for the eight-week experimental period after the surgery. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were euthanized. Blood serum was collected for biochemical analysis, and the implants and surrounding bone tissues were used for the histological analysis. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the histological analysis results and the biochemical parameters (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, creatinine and phosphorus) of the groups (P > 0.05). Also, in the test groups, there was numerically but not statistically more new bone formation detected compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, propranolol did not affect the new bone formation in peri-implant defects.

Comparison of osseointegration of Ti-Al6V4 and Ti-Al6Nb7 implants: An experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to investigate bone-implant connections (BICs) with Ti-Al6V4 and Ti-Al6Nb7 alloys. Two types of surface morphology, resorbable blast material (RBM) and sandblasted and acid-etched surfaces (SLA), were used for implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats aged 0.5-1 year were used. The rats were randomly separated into three groups: 1) Ti-Al6V4 RBM surface (n = 10), 2), Ti-Al6Nb7 RBM surface (n = 10), and 3) Ti-Al6Nb7 SLA (n = 10) surface implants were surgically integrated in femoral bones. The average roughness (Ra) values for these implants were 1-2 Ra. The rats were sacrificed four weeks after the surgical procedure. For each section, the BIC ratio (%) was determined as a percentage of the total implant surface that was in direct contact with the bone. RESULTS: The BIC ratio was found to be higher in the Ti-Al6Nb7 RBM and Ti-Al6Nb7 SLA groups than in the Ti-Al6V4 RBM group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the BIC ratios between the Ti-Al6Nb7 RBM and Ti-Al6Nb7 SLA groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ti-Al6Nb7 exhibited good biocompatibility with bone cells. Ti-Al6Nb7 alloy could be a candidate material for dental implant production.

Effects of local application of the ankaferd blood stopper on osseointegration in three different surface titanium implants.

OBJECTIVE: Researchs of the effects of ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) on bone healing metabolism have revealed that it affects bone regeneration positively. The exact mechanism by which this positive effect on bone tissue metabolism is not known. The aim of this study is to biomechanic and biochemical analysis of the effects of the local ABS application on osseointegration of 3 different surfaced titanium implants. MATERIAL & METHODS: Spraque dawley rats were divided machined surfaced (MS) (n â€‹= â€‹10), sandblasted and large acid grid (SLA) (n â€‹= â€‹10) and resorbable blast material (RBM) (n â€‹= â€‹10) surfaced implants. ABS applied locally during the surgical application of the titanium implant before insertion in bone sockets. After 4 weeks experimental period the rats sacrificed and implants with surrounding bone tissues were removed to reverse torque analysis (Newton), blood samples collected to biochemical analysis (ALP, calcium, P). RESULTS: Biomechanic bone implant contact ratio detected higher in SLA surfaced implants compared with the RBM and controls (P â€‹< â€‹0,05). Phosphor levels detected lower in RBM implant group compared with the controls and SLA (P â€‹< â€‹0,05). Additionally; phosphor levels detected highly in controls compared with the RBM implants. CONCLUSION: According the biomechanical parameters ABS may be more effective in SLA and RBM surfaced implants when locally applied.

Evaluation of Effects of Systemic Zoledronic Acid Application on Bone Maturation in the Consolidation Period in Distraction Osteogenesis.

ABSTRACT: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a physiological process that generates new bone tissue formation, using progressively separated bone fragments. Recently, several techniques have been investigated to develop the maturation of the new bone tissue. Bisphosphonates was an effective material for the acceleration of bone formation in DO procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the systemic zoledronic acid application at the beginning of the consolidation period on new bone genesis in a DO model of rat femurs. The rats were divided randomly into 3 groups, as follows: Control group (CNT group) (n = 10), zoledronic acid dosage-1 (n = 10), and dosage-2 (n = 10) groups (ZA-D-1 and ZA-D-2). No treatment was administered in controls, but DO was applied to the rat femurs. A single dose of 0.1 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg of zoledronic acid was administered systematically at the beginning of the consolidation period after the distraction in treatment groups, respectively. Histomorphometric analyses were performed on the original distracted bone area and the surrounding bone tissue. Osteoblasts, new bone formation, and fibrosis were scored. New bone formation in the ZA-D-1 and ZA-D-2 groups, when compared with the control group, was detected highly (P < 0.05). The numbers of osteoblasts in the ZA-D-1 and ZA-D-2 groups were higher when compared with the controls (P < 0.05). Fibrosis in the controls, when compared with the ZA-D-1 and ZA-D-2 groups, was found to be higher (P < 0.05). Zoledronic acid application is an effective method for bone maturation in consolidation period in DO.

Biomechanical and biochemical evaluation of the effect of systemic application of omeprazole on the osseointegration of titanium implants.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic omeprazole treatment on the osseointegration of titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After surgical insertion of titanium implants into the metaphyseal part of rats' both right and left tibial bones, the animals were randomly divided into three equal groups: control (n = 8), omeprazole dosage-1 (n = 8) (OME-1), and omeprazole dosage-2 (n = 8) (OME-2) and totally 48 implants were surgically integrated. The rats in the control group received no treatment during the four-week postoperative experimental period. In the OME-1 and OME-2 groups, the rats received omeprazole in doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, every 3 days for 4 weeks. After the experimental period, the rats were euthanized. One rat died in each group and the study was completed with seven rats in each group. Blood serum was collected for biochemical analysis, and the implants and surrounding bone tissue were used for biomechanical reverse-torque analysis. In the biomechanical analysis, implants that were not properly placed and were not osseointegrated were excluded from the evaluation. RESULTS: One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test and Student's t test were used for statistical analysis. The reverse-torque test (control (n = 9), OME-1 (N = 7), and OME-2 (n = 7)) analysis of biochemical parameters (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine amino transferase, urea, and creatinine) revealed no significant differences between the groups (control (n = 7), OME-1 (N = 7), and OME-2 (n = 7)) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Omeprazole had no biomechanical or biochemical effects on the osseointegration process of titanium implants.

Evaluation of the Effects of ß-Adrenergic Receptor-Propranolol on Osseointegration of the Titanium Implants.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic propranol on the osseointegration of titanium implants. After the surgical insertion of titanium implants into the metaphyseal part of the tibial bone, the rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: the control (CNT) (n = 10) and propranol group (P) (n = 10); CNT: Rats received no further treatment during the 4 week experimental period after surgery. Rats received 10 mg/kg propranol in every day during the 4 week experimental period in PRP group after the surgical insertion of the implants. After the experimental period, the rats were euthanized, blood serum were collected to biochemical analysis and the implants and surrounding bone tissues were used for the histopathologic analysis. To analysis of the data between tests and controls student T test was used. There were no significant differences in the biochemical parameters (alcaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphor) of the groups (P > 0.05). Bone implant connection (BIC) ratios was detected higher in test animals compared with the controls (P < 0.05). Systemic propranolol may increases titanium implant osseointegration.

Biomechanical Evaluation of Implant Osseointegration After Guided Bone Regeneration With Different Bone Grafts.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical osseointegration of titanium implants after guided bone regeneration (GBR) with a hydroxyapatite graft, deproteinized bovine bone graft, human-derived allograft, and calcium sulfate bone graft. Thirty-two female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups, each containing eight (n = 8) rats: hydroxyapatide (HA), deproteinized bovine bone graft (DPBB), allograft (ALG), and calcium sulfate. Bone defects were created in the tibia of the rats, which were grafted with HA, DPBB, ALG, or CP bone grafts for the purpose of GBR. Ninety days after surgery, machine-surfaced titanium implants were inserted into the area where GBR had been undertaken. After 90 days of the surgical insertion of the implants, the rats were sacrificed, the implants with surrounding bone tissue were removed, and biomechanical osseointegration (N/cm) analysis was performed. No statistically significant differences were found among the groups in osseointegration (N/cm) three months after the GBR procedures (P > 0.05). According to the biomechanical results, none of the grafts used in this study was distinctly superior to any of the others.

Biomechanical and Biochemical Analyses of the Effects of Propranolol on the Osseointegration of Implants.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic propranolol on the osseointegration of titanium implants. After the surgical insertion of titanium implants into the metaphyseal part of the tibiae of rats, the rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: the control (n = 8), propranolol dosage-1 (PRP-1) (n = 8), and propranolol dosage-2 (PRP-2) (n = 8) groups. In the control group, the rats received no further treatment during the 4-week experimental period after the surgery. After the surgical insertion of the implants, the rats in the PRP-1 and PRP-2 groups were given 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg propranolol, respectively, every 3 days for the 4-week experimental period. After the experimental period, the rats were euthanized. Blood sera were collected for biochemical analysis, and the implants and surrounding bone tissues were used for the biomechanical reverse torque analysis. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's honest significant difference test were used for statistical analysis. The student t-test was used to analyze the data obtained from the tests and the controls. There were no significant differences in the reverse torque analysis results and the biochemical parameters (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus) of the groups (P > 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase was, however, found to be higher in test animals compared to the controls (P < 0.05). Also, propranolol did not biomechanically affect the osseointegration of titanium implants, while alkaline phosphatase activity was higher in the test animals.

The effects of metformin on the bone filling ration around of TiAl6Va4 implants in non diabetic rats.

OBJECTIVES: In this research it was aimed to that evaluation of the effects of systemic metformin administration on the periimplant bone tissue response of TiAl6Va4 implants in experimental rat model. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Firstly TiAl6Va4 implants were inserted surgically in the metaphyseal part of the tibial bone and after, the rats were randomly separated into two groups: Controls (CNT) (n = 10) and Metformin group (M) (n = 10). No additional treatment was applied to the controls during the 4-week experimental period. Rats received 40 mg/kg metformin in every day during the four week experimental period in M group. At the end of the 28-day follow-up period, the TiAl6Va4 implants with surrounding bone were used for the histopathologic analysis. To analysis of the datas between M and CNT Student-T Test was used. RESULT: Periimplant bone tissue filling ratios (%) were detected higher in M group compared with the CNT (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Systemic administration of metformin may increases titanium implant osseointegration in non-diabetic rats.

The effects of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug on the degree of titanium implant osseointegration.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histologically examine the effects of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, namely diclofenac sodium (DCS), on the extent of the bone-implant contact (BIC) of titanium implants after four weeks of osseointegration period in a rodent model. MATERIAL & METHODS: Fourteen female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the control (n = 7) and experimental (DCS) groups. Fourteen machine-surfaced titanium implants were placed in the right tibial bones of the rats. The DCS (2 mg/kg) was administered by means of oral gavage to the experimental group for 14 days after four weeks of osseointegration. No medication was administered to the control group throughout the six-week study period. At the end of the study, the rodents were sacrificed and block sections were obtained for histologic evaluation. RESULTS: The mean BIC ratios for the control and DCS groups were 64.15 ± 6.31% and 61.10 ± 6.08%, respectively. No statistically significant difference in terms of the BIC ratios was found between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that DCS did not impair the BIC of the implants after four weeks of osseointegration.

Evaluation of biochemical and clinical effects of hyaluronic acid on non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies reported that hyaluronic acid (HA) has anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, and anti-bacterial activities in dentistry, particularly in gingival disorders caused by subgingival plaque microorganisms. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the early term effects of HA as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters, periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), and adenosine deaminase (ADA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontitis. METHODS: A total of 24 periodontitis patients per group were included in this randomized-controlled study. The study population was divided into four groups: in Group 1: SRP+ saline; in Group 2: SRP + HA gel; in Group 3: SRP+ HA mouth rinse; and in Group 4: SRP + HA mouth rinse + HA gingival gel were applied. At baseline and week 4, clinical parameters and PISA were calculated. Also, biochemicals' (ADA, CAT, and GSH) levels were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant improvement in clinical parameters and PISA in all four groups in control sessions (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in ADA in GCF and significant increases in CAT and GSH levels after SRP (p < 0.05) in all four groups. The groups that were administered only gel (2nd and 4th) were different from other groups in terms of ADA, CAT, and GSH levels at 1st week (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HA application as an adjunct to SRP did not affect the clinical results, although, in the control sessions following the application, the results were favorable for the biochemical data in gel-applied groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov.tr (NCT03754010).