Knee scores in a 'normal' elderly population.

Many scoring instruments are now available for assessment of outcome after knee replacement. We performed a community study to record the three most frequently used knee scores in the UK in a 'normal' elderly population with no history of knee, hip, spine or lower limb disorder. The Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Bristol Knee Score (BKS), and American Knee Society Score (AKSS) were recorded in 100 volunteers whose mean age was 72 years. Normalised median scores in this population were 97% (42-100), 96% (69-100) and 98% (46-100), respectively. Significant negative correlations were found to exist between knee score and increasing age (P<0.001) and presence of coexistent 'major' medical conditions (P<0.001). The 'function' component of each score was the aspect of the score most influenced by these demographic variables. Comparison of outcomes after knee replacement on the basis of knee scores should take account of demographic variables.

Antenna procedure for the correction of hook nail deformity.

A total of seven antenna procedures for hooknail deformity were performed between 1990 and 2000. At a mean follow-up of 3 years 4 months there were no major complications, all patients had an improvement in their deformity (subjectively and objectively) and were pleased with their results. Some residual deformity remained in all cases including shortening of the nail, contour defect of the pulp and flattening or residual curvature of the nail.

Sensory pathways in the spinal accessory nerve.

We obtained samples of spinal accessory nerve from patients undergoing radical surgery for tumours or nerve grafting in the neck. These were analysed by light and electron microscopy for the type of fibre. All contained fibres consistent with non-proprioceptive sensory function including pain.