Direct monitoring of the enzymatically sequestering and degrading of PET microplastics using hyperspectral Raman microscopy.

Microplastics are commonly referred to as tiny plastic fragments polluting our environment, although their nanometric forms have also been found in our drinking water supplies and many living systems. Their removal is relevant for preserving our health and sustainability and is being pursued according to many different strategies, including filtration through selective porous materials or agglomeration using flocculant agents. An alternative nanotechnological approach described in this paper deals with the capture and degradation of micro and nanoplastics by enzyme-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were functionalized with polydopamine (PDA) and Lipase enzyme straightforwardly to generate agents capable of removing and degrading µPET from an aqueous solution. In addition to synthesizing and characterizing the Fe3O4@PDA-Lipase nanoparticles and performing the µPET degradation, the novelty encompassed in this work is the successful use of confocal Raman microscopy to monitor the process, in real-time, through in situ hyperspectral images.

Biochar improves growth and physiology of Swietenia macrophylla king in contaminated soil by copper.

The production of açaí seed waste from the commercial and extractive exploitation of the Euterpe oleraceae palm tree is a serious problem that contributes to environmental contamination and production of greenhouse gases, a fact that suggests the need for an environmentally correct destination for this waste produced on a large scale. To this end, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential of acaí seed biochar (BCA) in mitigating the toxic effects of copper in Brazilian mahogany plants, analyzing biometrics and gas exchange. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five blocks, in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to the control (without Cu) and three concentration of Cu (200, 400, and 600 mg Cu kg-1) and three levels of BCA (0%, 5% and 10%) proportional to the amount of soil in the pots, totaling sixty experimental units. The use of 5% BCA in soils contaminated with up to 200 mg kg-1 Cu promoted biometric increase (height, diameter, number of leaves), maintaining gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal carbon and internal/external carbon), and consequently, maintaining water use efficiency in plants under abiotic stress, resulting in plant growth. The findings of this study allow us to indicate the use of biochar in remediating and improving the growth of plants grown in copper-contaminated soils. The production of biochar from açaí seeds is an ecologically sustainable alternative, because it reduces its accumulation on public roads and contributes to reducing soil pollution. In the context of public policies, biochar production could be a source of income in the context of the bioeconomy and circular economy practiced in the Amazon, because it is produced in large quantities.

Climate change is associated with higher phytoplankton biomass and longer blooms in the West Antarctic Peninsula.

The Antarctic Peninsula (West Antarctica) marine ecosystem has undergone substantial changes due to climate-induced shifts in atmospheric and oceanic temperatures since the 1950s. Using 25 years of satellite data (1998-2022), this study presents evidence that phytoplankton biomass and bloom phenology in the West Antarctic Peninsula are significantly changing as a response to anthropogenic climate change. Enhanced phytoplankton biomass was observed along the West Antarctic Peninsula, particularly in the early austral autumn, resulting in longer blooms. Long-term sea ice decline was identified as the main driver enabling phytoplankton growth in early spring and autumn, in parallel with a recent intensification of the Southern Annular Mode (2010-ongoing), which was observed to influence regional variability. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interplay between environmental changes and phytoplankton responses in this climatically key region of the Southern Ocean and raise important questions regarding the far-reaching consequences that these ecological changes may have on global carbon sequestration and Antarctic food webs in the future.

Increasing HIV prevalence rate among men who have sex with men: results of a comparison of two national surveys.

Our objective was to compare HIV prevalence between two national surveys among men who have sex with men in Brazil in 2009 and 2016. HIV prevalence was estimated stratifying by age and socioeconomic status. HIV prevalence increased from 11.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.9-14.3], in 2009, to 19.1% (95% CI: 16.5 - 22.0), in 2016 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.3] increasing 320% among Young MSM of low SES. Political leadership is needed to develop a scientifically sound and inclusive solution.

Long-term trends (1986-2019) in the physicochemical properties of the Sado Estuary (Portugal) driven primarily by changes in river flow and influenced by marine upwelling.

Estuaries are among the most sensitive systems to climate change. Previous studies have suggested that the Sado Estuary (Portugal) has decreasing trends for water temperature, which is uncommon in a global warming scenario. However, no long-term analysis regarding water column conditions has been conducted on this estuary to date. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to understand if and how the properties of this estuary have changed, considering a 34-year trend analysis and an assessment of their main drivers. Water temperature significantly decreased (up to 0.04 °C/year) along with chlorophyll a. Salinity increased and nutrients displayed an overall decrease. These trends were potentially driven by higher influence of upwelled water combined with a reduction of the river flow. Sado appears to have a lower vulnerability to climate change than other estuaries as it does not show a high sensitivity to changes in its water column physicochemical properties.

Impactos da gestão da qualidade na prevenção de lesão de pele por adesivo / Impacts of quality management on the prevention of skin injuries caused by adhesives

INTRODUÇÃO: Adesivos médicos são materiais frequentemente utilizados nos serviços de saúde em todos os ambientes de cuidado. Lesão de pele relacionada a adesivo médico ocorre quando as camadas da pele são removidas juntamente com o adesivo, causando uma lesão cutânea, conhecida internacionalmente como Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injuries (MARSI) (1). Esse tipo de lesão é comum, mas subnotificado, comprometendo a segurança do paciente (2-3). Alguns estudos apontam prevalência de MARSI em torno de 22,7 a 36% (2-5). Os adesivos médicos são necessários para fixarem curativos no local da cirurgia e a prevalência de MARSI Peri incisional gira em torno de 36% (5). A manutenção da integridade da pele é um indicador da qualidade da assistência prestada pela Enfermagem. A MARSI pode ser evitada por meio de intervenções. Desenvolver estratégias para prevenção é crucial para qualidade e segurança do paciente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto assistencial após a aplicação da ferramenta PDCA para prevenção de MARSI em ferida operatória de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. METODOLOGIA: Utilizou-se da ferramenta PDCA seguindo as etapas: Plan- identificação das MARSI que ocorreram no primeiro bimestre de 2024 por meio da análise individual das LP e estabelecido plano de ação fundamentado por evidências científicas o uso de adesivos adequados para a prevenção de MARSI e desenvolvido bundle para prevenção. Realizado treinamento dos membros da Comissão de Avaliação e Tratamento de feridas e, posterior, analise das ocorrências de MARSI à implantação do bundle. Do- implementado o bundle em amostra piloto composta por 13 casos em um período de 30 dias. Check- acompanharam-se os pacientes que receberam intervenções para prevenção de MARSI por sete dias e Action- monitoramento do indicador: lesão de pele por adesivo. O Estudo foi autorizado pela Divisão de Enfermagem da Instituição. RESULTADO: A Taxa de Efetividade na prevenção de MARSI por adesivo após a implantação do bundle nos pacientes avaliados foi de 100% no período de acompanhamento. Assim, a cobertura de espuma de silicone mostrou-se efetivo para prevenção de MARSI relacionado a adesivo. CONCLUSÃO: A ferramenta de gestão PDCA associada à implantação de programa educacional e assistencial impactou em assistência segura e preventiva de eventos adversos que contribui na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes em uso adesivo médico.

Breastfeeding assistance for preterm and low birth weight infants: best practices implementation project.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of best practices implementation for breastfeeding assistance for preterm and low birth weight infants. METHOD: Participatory research that used the evidence implementation methodology of the JBI, held at a university hospital in southeastern Brazil, with the participation of a multidisciplinary team and managers. STAGES: Situational diagnosis, baseline audit and feedback, protocol development, training, implementation, and monitoring. RESULTS: Seven audit criteria were defined. In the baseline audit, three criteria were met, with eleven barriers to be resolved being listed. The strategies carried out were protocol development and multidisciplinary and intersectoral training. After the training, compliance was achieved with the seven criteria audited in the first follow-up audit and five in the second, emphasizing the increase in compliance after the implementation of the outlined strategies. CONCLUSION: The project achieved the objective of improving evidence-based practice, and allowed the implementation of the institution's first breastfeeding protocol. However, it shows the need to maintain training for adherence and enculturation of new practices.

Models of care: Opportunities and challenges.

Perinatal mental health models can broadly be described by scope and structure. Within these two broad domains lies an array of diverse methodologies that have attempted to increase access and coordination of care. These efforts have uncovered many opportunities that, if addressed, may improve our current parent and infant outcomes within our healthcare system and community. Furthermore, there are several opportunities that, if addressed, will result in more equitable, inclusive care. These include being attentive to the unique needs of vulnerable populations, emphasizing community efforts, and closing the current gaps in legislation.

Cutting-edge collagen biocomposite reinforced with 2D nano-talc for bone tissue engineering.

The advancement of nanobiocomposites reinforced with 2D nano-materials plays a pivotal role in enhancing bone tissue engineering. In this study, we introduce a nanobiocomposite that reinforces bovine collagen with 2D nano-talc, a recently exfoliated nano-mineral. These nanobiocomposites were prepared by blending collagen with varying concentrations of 2D nano-talc, encompassing mono- and few-layers talc from soapstone nanomaterial. Extensive characterization techniques including AFM, XPS, nano-FTIR, s-SNOM nanoimaging, Force Spectroscopy, and PeakForce QNM® were employed. The incorporation of 2D nano-talc significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the nanobiocomposites, resulting in increased stiffness compared to pristine collagen. In vitro studies supported the growth and proliferation of osteoblasts onto 2D nano-talc-reinforced nanobiocomposites, as well as showed the highest mineralization potential. These findings highlight the substantial potential of the developed nanobiocomposite as a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering applications.

Stress and exhaustion among medical students: a prospective longitudinal study on the impact of the assessment period on medical education.

BACKGROUND: Stress significantly affects both the physical and emotional health of individuals, particularly students in health-related fields. Medical students in Brazil face unique challenges due to the demanding nature of their studies, especially during assessment periods, which heighten academic pressure. These pressures often lead to poor coping strategies and mental health concerns. It is crucial to understand the complex dynamics of stress within medical education to develop strategies that improve student well-being and promote a healthier academic environment. This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between assessment periods and stress levels among medical students. It seeks to understand how academic demands and sociodemographic factors contribute to stress dynamics during these periods. METHODS: An online observational, longitudinal, and prospective study was conducted from February to October 2022. Medical students were recruited through snowball sampling and participated in surveys administered via Google Forms at two timepoints: before (T1) and during (T2) assessment periods. The surveys collected sociodemographic data and stress symptoms using Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults (LSSI). RESULTS: The transition from T1 to T2 was defined by a rise in the prevalence of stress from 59.6 to 84.2% (p = 0.001) and a decline in symptom-free students from 40.4 to 15.8% (p = 0.001). There was a significant increase in exhaustion, from 12.3 to 31.6% (p = 0.0001). Higher stress levels were notably more prevalent among younger students (≤ 24 years), females, those from wealthier families, students without scholarships, those without prior degrees, and those in the clinical phase of their studies. However, non significant correlations were found between these sociodemographic and academic factors and the increase in stress. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight significant concerns regarding the mental health of medical students during assessment periods, marked by increased stress and exhaustion levels. These results emphasize the need for proactive interventions to manage stress effectively in medical education, considering its profound impact on students' well-being.

Endolymphatic sac tumor: An urgent case presenting acute intracranial hypertension successfully treated with suboccipital decompressive craniectomy - 8 years of follow-up.

Background: Endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a rare lesion. It may be sporadically or associated with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Progressive audiovestibular symptoms characterize the typical clinical presentation. Here, we report a unique case of ELST with acute intracranial hypertension (IH) due to tumor compression, successfully treated with an urgent suboccipital decompressive craniectomy (SDC). Case Description: A 33-year-old woman previously underwent a biopsy and ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The histopathological finding revealed an ELST. One year later, she developed headache, vomiting, and somnolence due to brainstem compression. An urgent SDC was performed. One month later, preoperative endovascular embolization and partial tumor resection were carried out. After 6 months adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) therapy was administered. She has been under follow-up for 8 years since the last surgical procedure, and the tumor remains stable. Conclusion: ELST generally has a progressive clinical course. This is a unique case with acute IH due to tumor compression. The tumor's high vascularity and the unavailability of endovascular embolization precluded its resection. SDC was an alternative approach. The final treatment included tumor embolization, surgical resection, and RT. No progression was observed for 8 years after the last procedure, and long-term follow-up is warranted.

Investigating the pharmacological potential of phytol on experimental models of gastric ulcer in rats.

Phytol is a diterpene constituent of many essential oils, belonging to the group of unsaturated acyclic alcohols. Although phytol possesses antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, no reports of a gastrointestinal action are available from the literature. Due to the well-known shortcomings of classical anti-ulcer drugs (e.g. side effects or relapses), natural products may offer an attractive alternative. In this study, a potential gastroprotective activity of phytol was evaluated using acute and chronic ulcer models in rats. Phytol 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, administered orally 1 h prior to induction of gastric lesions by absolute ethanol, inhibited the lesion area by 96, 90 and 95%, respectively. When lesions were induced by ischemia and reperfusion, phytol 12.5 and 25 mg/kg per os decreased the lesion areas by 89 and 46%, respectively. In the third acute ulcer model (lesions induced by ibuprofen), phytol 12.5 mg/kg reduced the lesion area by 55%. Phytol restored the decreased level of reduced glutathione, the increased levels of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde and the decreased levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase in rats with gastric ulcer induced by ethanol to levels obtained in vehicle group. Finally, in a chronic model in which gastric ulcer was induced by acetic acid directly instilled into the stomach, phytol administered orally over a time period of 7 days at 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg reduced lesion areas by 84, 81, 83 and 68%. Our data suggest a gastroprotective and cicatrizing effect of phytol, possibly associated with its antioxidant effect.

Partos verticalizados e ocorrência de lacerações perineais em casa de parto do Distrito Federal / Vertical births and occurrence of perineal lacerations in a birth center in the Federal District

Comparar as distintas posições verticalizadas adotadas por parturientes durante o trabalho de parto, associando à ocorrência de possíveis lacerações perineais e seus respectivos graus. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, observacional, descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa. O estudo foi realizado na Casa de Parto de São Sebastião, localizada no Distrito Federal, a qual contou com uma amostra aleatória de 499 mulheres, que tiveram seus partos no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2021. Resultados: O estudo apontou que 354 mulheres adotaram posições verticalizadas durante o período expulsivo e 249 obtiveram algum grau de laceração; já 145 adotaram posições não verticalizadas e 74 tiveram algum grau de laceração. Entre as posições verticalizadas, a mais adotada foi com o uso da banqueta de parto (37%). Conclusão: As posições verticalizadas estão associadas ao maior número de lacerações, porém o grau da laceração varia entre as posições.(AU)

To compare the different upright positions adopted by parturients during labor, associating them with the occurrence of possible perineal lacerations and their respective degrees. Methodology: This is an epidemiological, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach. The study was carried out at the Casa de Parto de São Sebastião, located in the Federal District, which had a random sample of 499 women who gave birth between January 2018 and December 2021. Results: The study found that 354 women adopted upright positions during the expulsive period and 249 had some degree of laceration; 145 adopted non-upright positions and 74 had some degree of laceration. Among the upright positions, the most commonly adopted was the use of the birthing stool (37%). Conclusion: Upright positions are associated with a higher number of lacerations, but the degree of laceration varies between positions.(AU)

Comparar las diferentes posiciones erguidas adoptadas por las parturientas durante el trabajo de parto, asociándolas con la ocurrencia de posibles laceraciones perineales y sus respectivos grados. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo y con abordaje cuantitativo. El estudio se realizó en la Casa de Parto de São Sebastião, ubicada en el Distrito Federal, que contó con una muestra aleatoria de 499 mujeres que dieron a luz entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2021. Resultados: El estudio encontró que 354 mujeres adoptaron posiciones erguidas durante el período expulsivo y 249 tuvieron algún grado de laceración; 145 adoptaron posiciones no erguidas y 74 tuvieron algún grado de laceración. Entre las posturas erguidas, la más adoptada fue el uso del taburete de parto (37%). Conclusión: Las posiciones verticales se asocian con el mayor número de laceraciones, pero el grado de laceración varía entre las posiciones.(AU)

Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma: Aggressive behavior coursing with cerebellar invasion and hydrocephalus.

Background: Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a very rare condition. The prognosis is dismal for advanced tumors. Due to its rarity, information in the literature is scarce. Here, we report a unique case of TBSCC with cerebellar invasion and hydrocephalus. Case Description: A 46-year-old reported right-sided hearing loss and a painful right retroauricular mass for 4 months. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 8.7 × 7.6 × 6.4 cm mass invading the right temporal and occipital bones. After a biopsy and 3 surgical procedures over 6 months, the diagnosis of TBSCC was obtained. Due to invasion of the cerebellar tissue and obstructive hydrocephalus, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed. The patient was referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. However, palliative care was initiated due to tumor progression. Conclusion: We report a case of advanced TBSCC with poor prognosis despite surgical treatment and radiotherapy. More data are necessary to provide new and better treatment to these patients.

Factors associated with external causes in elderly attended by the mobile emergency care service.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency care service. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with 1,972 pre-hospital care records of elderly victims of external causes from 2019 to 2020. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: The prevalence of external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency service was 12.2%. Falling was the most frequent occurrence. The associations of the occurrence of falls with age from 90 years old (OR=29.31; p<0.001) and female gender (OR=5.38; p<0.001) stood out, as well as the suspicion of ingestion of alcoholic beverages with occurrence of violence (OR=4.17; p<0.001) and traffic accidents (OR=1.97; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The study showed factors associated with injuries due to external causes in theelderly and may support the formulation of coping strategies for this problem.

Puerperal women's social interactions related to their sexual health after childbirth.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze puerperal women's experiences of sexual health after childbirth from the perspective of symbolic interactionism. METHOD: Descriptive, qualitative study. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted by videoconference with women in the remote puerperium, captured by snowball technique and searched for "seeds" on Instagram®. Bardin's content analysis and Symbolic Interactionism were used as references. RESULTS: The puerperal women signify sexual health from a perspective of comprehensive healthcare. However, due to the duality between "being a woman" and "being a mother", they recognize fear, bodily transformations and changes in focus from the love relationship to caring for the baby as factors that interfere with sexual health. And they choose to put themselves aside, prioritizing caring for others. They re-signify sexual health by recognizing the importance of taking care of themselves in biopsychosocial aspects and try to recover self-care for a healthy sexual experience. CONCLUSION: Despite the meanings attributed, women's social interactions with the puerperium interfere negatively with sexual health. Professionals should be sensitized to the inclusion of actions that promote changes in the social action of these women towards self-care.

A Preliminary Study on Hepatoprotective, Hypolipidemic and Aortic Morphometric Effects of Omega-3-Rich Fish Oil in Hypercholesterolemic Mice.

This study aims to evaluate the hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and aortic morphometric effects of fish oil rich in omega-3 in hypercholesterolemic BALB/c mice. This is an experimental model that included 16 male BALB/c mice (Mus musculus) divided into three groups (G1 (standard commercial chow and 0.9% saline solution), G2 (hypercholesterolemic diet and 0.9% saline solution) and G3 (hypercholesterolemic diet and fish oil)) for 8 weeks. There was no significant difference in the treatment with omega-3-rich fish oil in the lipid profile (p > 0.05). In the histological analysis, group G2 detected the presence of hepatitis and liver tissue necrosis, but this was not observed in group G3. As for the morphometry in the light area of the vessel, the G1 group had a higher score (2.62 ± 0.36 mm2) when compared to G2 (2.10 ± 0.16 mm2) and G3 (2.26 ± 0.25 mm2) (p < 0.05). The vessel wall thickness did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05). It is concluded that supplementation with fish oil rich in omega-3 carried out in this study may have a protective effect on liver tissue, but it has not yet improved the lipid and morphometric profile. Despite this research being preliminary, it is a relevant study with future prospects for improving the doses of EPA and DHA in order to better elucidate the benefits of fish oil in models of dyslipidemia.

Home-based exercise interventions delivered by technology in older adults: A scoping review of technological tools usage.

BACKGROUND: Despite technology-based systems being considered promising tools to stimulate and increase physical function at home, most older adults are unfamiliar with technology, which may pose some difficulties. Technology-related parameters, such as adherence, acceptance, and acceptability, are crucial to achieving higher efficacy levels of home-based exercise interventions delivered by technology. In this scoping review, we aimed to revise the use of home-based technological tools to improve physical function in the older population, focusing on the user's experience and perspective. Methods This scoping review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in April 2022 and updated in April 2023. A total of 45 studies were included in the review. Results Most studies (95.5%) met the technology usage levels defined by the research team or reported satisfactory technology usage levels. Positive health-related outcomes were reported in 80% of studies. Although the existence of guidelines to correctly define and use measures associated with technology use, including adherence, acceptance and acceptability, some terms are still being used interchangeably. Some concerns related to the lack of an international consensus regarding technology usage measures and the exclusion of older adults who did not own or have previous experience with technology in a large percentage of the included studies may have limited the results obtained. Conclusions Altogether, home-based exercise interventions delivered through technology were associated with positive health-related outcomes in older adults, and technology usage levels are considered satisfactory. Older adults are willing and able to use technology autonomously if adequate support is provided.

Factors associated with external causes in elderly attended by the mobile emergency care service / Factores asociados a causas externas en ancianos atendidos por el servicio de atención móvil de urgencia / Fatores associados às causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency care service. Method: Cross-sectional study with 1,972 pre-hospital care records of elderly victims of external causes from 2019 to 2020. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency service was 12.2%. Falling was the most frequent occurrence. The associations of the occurrence of falls with age from 90 years old (OR=29.31; p<0.001) and female gender (OR=5.38; p<0.001) stood out, as well as the suspicion of ingestion of alcoholic beverages with occurrence of violence (OR=4.17; p<0.001) and traffic accidents (OR=1.97; p<0.001). Conclusion: The study showed factors associated with injuries due to external causes in theelderly and may support the formulation of coping strategies for this problem.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a causas externas en ancianos atendidos por el servicio de atención móvil de urgencia. Método: Estudio transversal con 1.972 registros de atención pre hospitalaria de ancianos víctimas de causas externas en el período de 2019 a 2020.Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariado, con un nivel de significación del 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: La prevalencia de causas externas en adultos mayores atendidos por el servicio de emergencia móvil fue de 12,2%. La caída fue la ocurrencia más frecuente. Se destacaron las asociaciones de la ocurrencia de caídas con la edad a partir de 90 años (OR=29,31; p<0,001) y el género femenino (OR=5,38; p<0,001), así como la sospecha de ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas con la ocurrencia de violencia (OR=4,17; p<0,001) y accidentes de tránsito (OR=1,97; p<0,001). Conclusión: El estudio mostró factores asociados a las lesiones por causas externas en ancianos y puede apoyar la formulación de estrategias de enfrentamiento de este problema.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados a causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência. Método: Estudo transversal com 1.972 fichas de atendimento pré-hospitalar de idosos vítimas de causas externas no período de 2019 a 2020. Realizou-se análise descritiva e bivariada, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: A prevalência de causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço móvel de urgência foi de 12,2%. A queda foi a ocorrência mais frequente. Destacaram-se as associações da ocorrência de queda com a idade a partir de 90 anos (OR=29,31; p<0,001) e o sexo feminino (OR=5,38; p<0,001), bem como da suspeita de ingestão de bebida alcoólica com a ocorrência de violência (OR=4,17; p<0,001) e acidentes de trânsito (OR=1,97; p<0,001). Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou fatores associados aos agravos por causas externas em idosos e poderá subsidiar formulação de estratégias de enfrentamento a essa problemática.

Plano de pós-parto para gestantes e puérperas: produção de material educativo / Plan de posparto para mujeres embarazadas y puérperas: producción de material educativo / Postpartum plan for pregnant and postpartum women: production of educational material

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver e validar material educativo para a construção de um plano de pós-parto pela mulher no ciclo gravídico-puerperal, com ou não profissionais da saúde. Métodos Estudo metodológico, organizado em três etapas. 1) Análise e seleção de conteúdo, elaboração teórica do projeto e adaptação na linguagem; 2) Produção do material, com elaboração do design gráfico e projeto ilustrativo; 3) Validação com sete juízes nas áreas de saúde da mulher e educação em saúde. A coleta de dados foi executada com a aplicação de um questionário de caracterização e o Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults (SAM). A análise se deu por estatística descritiva e Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, sendo considerados aprovados os itens que apresentassem valor igual ou superior a 0,80. Resultados O plano de cuidado intitulado "Meu plano de pós-parto" apresentou ótima aceitação e confiabilidade, evidenciado por um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global de 0,98. As principais sugestões apresentadas foram a respeito da adaptação da escrita para uma linguagem mais simples e acessível, sendo estas aceitas pelas autoras. Os especialistas apontaram a importância e relevância do plano de pós-parto para o público-alvo. Conclusão O material demonstrou ser um instrumento válido e confiável para a utilização das mulheres durante o ciclo gravídico puerperal, favorecendo uma reflexão sobre os cuidados e preparo precoce para enfrentamento deste período.

Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar material educativo para la creación de un plan de posparto por la mujer durante el embarazo y el puerperio, con o sin profesionales de la salud. Métodos Estudio metodológico, organizado en tres etapas: 1) análisis y selección de contenido, elaboración teórica del proyecto y adaptación del lenguaje; 2) producción del material, con elaboración del diseño gráfico y proyecto ilustrativo, y 3) validación por siete jueces de áreas de la salud de la mujer y educación para la salud. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario de caracterización y el Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults (SAM). El análisis se realizó con estadística descriptiva y con el Índice de Validez de Contenido, donde se consideraron aprobados los ítems que presentaron un valor igual o superior a 0,80. Resultados El plan de cuidado llamado "Mi plan de posparto" presentó una excelente aceptación y fiabilidad, demostradas con un Índice de Validez de Contenido global de 0,98. Las principales sugerencias propuestas fueron sobre adaptar la escritura a un lenguaje más simple y accesible, y las autoras las aceptaron. Los especialistas señalaron la importancia y la relevancia del plan de posparto para el público destinatario. Conclusión El material demostró ser un instrumento válido y confiable para que lo utilicen mujeres durante el embarazo y el puerperio, y así favorecer una reflexión sobre los cuidados y la preparación temprana para enfrentar este período.

Abstract Objective To develop and validate an educational material for the construction of a postpartum plan by women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, with or without health professionals. Methods Methodological study, organized in three stages. 1) Content analysis and selection, theoretical elaboration of the project and language adaptation; 2) Production of material, with preparation of graphic design and illustrative project; 3) Validation with seven judges in the areas of women's health and health education. Data collection was carried out using a characterization questionnaire and the Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults (SAM). The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and Content Validity Index, with items that presented a value equal to or greater than 0.80 being considered approved. Results The care plan entitled "My postpartum plan" showed excellent acceptance and reliability, evidenced by an overall Content Validity Index of 0.98. The main suggestions presented were about adapting the writing to a simpler and more accessible language, which were accepted by the authors. Experts highlighted the importance and relevance of the postpartum plan for the target audience. Conclusion The material proved to be a valid and reliable instrument for use by women during the pregnancy and puerperal cycle, encouraging reflection on care and early preparation to face this period.