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1.
Addict Behav ; 26(3): 405-13, 2001.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11436932

RESUMO

Women who continue to smoke during pregnancy put themselves and their fetuses at serious risk for complications. Various smoking cessation programs have been designed that specifically target pregnant smokers. Longitudinal studies, however, have shown that there is a group of women who are unable to quit smoking while pregnant. Women from a rural area of the Mid-West (N=299) were interviewed postpartum to determine the stresses these women experienced prenatally and the association of the stress with continuing to smoke during pregnancy. Subjects were divided into three groups: Nonsmokers, Quitters, Smokers. This study not only confirms other reports that these women are more stressed but also documents some of the major stressors. Statistically significant differences were found between groups for financial worries (P=.0002), problems with the family (P<.001), and domestic violence (P<.001). Assessing pregnant women for stress and, especially, domestic violence should be part of the implementation of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Smoking Cessation.


Assuntos
População Rural , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/psicologia , Fumar/psicologia , Estresse Fisiológico/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos , Autoimagem , Apoio Social
2.
Can J Nurs Res ; 32(4): 43-56, 2001 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11928301

RESUMO

The study reported in this paper was based on the hypothesis that women who are victims of domestic violence may be less likely to select breastfeeding than women who are not abused. Informed consent was obtained from 212 women at 2 Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Nutritional Supplemental Program clinics in the Midwestern United States. The Abuse Assessment Screen was administered by interview and women were also questioned about intended feeding choice and whether they had breastfed any previous children. No association was found between present or previous abuse and infant-feeding choice. Nevertheless, the findings of this study can be considered important, for two reasons: (1) this was an initial inquiry examining the relationship between having been abused and ability to choose the feeding method of a newborn; and (2) women in the sample who reported present or current abuse were able to breastfeed their infants in the same proportion as those who did not report abuse, which suggests that a woman's concern for her child overcomes her possible fears of control by the batterer.


Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Mulheres Maltratadas/psicologia , Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Comportamento de Escolha , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/psicologia , Adulto , Mulheres Maltratadas/educação , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Medo , Feminino , Serviços de Alimentação , Educação em Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Ciúme , Meio-Oeste dos Estados Unidos , Avaliação das Necessidades , Avaliação em Enfermagem , Apoio Social , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/diagnóstico , Cônjuges/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs ; 25(4): 211-3, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10994311

RESUMO

This article describes the important role played by a student nurse in assisting a new grandparent bond with his granddaughter. This grandfather had been a noncustodial parent to his daughter, and as such, was anxious about his new role. The increasing numbers of noncustodial parents becoming grandparents presents a new problem facing nurses in helping a family meet their new members. The opportunity for grandparent/grandchild bonding may be enhanced by nurses who are sensitive to the less-than-perfect relationship that might exist between a noncustodial parent and the adult child. These grandparents may need encouragement to find their place in the life of the new child.


Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Família/psicologia , Relação entre Gerações , Apego ao Objeto , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino
4.
N Z Med J ; 108(1012): 476-8, 1995 Nov 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8538974

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of the study was to test the psychosocial benefits of a telephone support program for pregnant women. METHOD: Randomised controlled trial. The study sample were women recruited from an antenatal clinic and general practice surgeries who were less than 20 weeks gestation and either single or in a relationship where the partner was unemployed. Women in the intervention group received weekly telephone calls throughout their pregnancy. All women were interviewed initially and at 34 weeks gestation. There were 66 women in the control group and 65 women in the intervention group. RESULTS: The intervention and control groups did not differ significantly on the psychosocial measures at baseline. Comparisons at 34 weeks were made by analysis of covariance using the baseline scores. The intervention group at 34 weeks had lower stress scores than the control group (means 16.5 vs 18.4, p = 0.02), lower trait anxiety (means 35.2 vs 39.4, p = 0.04) and less depressed mood (means 6.6 vs 8.1, p = 0.02). Self esteem was higher for the intervention group (means 34.9 vs 32.5, p = 0.008). The intervention failed to alter smoking but the intervention women did report more use of community resources (p = 0.02) and were less likely to skip meals (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: A low cost health promotion program of telephone support during pregnancy can significantly improve a woman's psychosocial status during pregnancy.


Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Complicações na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Gravidez/psicologia , Apoio Social , Estresse Psicológico/prevenção & controle , Telefone , Adulto , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Nova Zelândia , Complicações na Gravidez/psicologia , Terceiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Autoimagem , Pais Solteiros/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Desemprego/psicologia
5.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8369765

RESUMO

Battering is a public health problem that traditionally has been ignored by nurses, which has conveyed acceptance and approval of violence. Using the Betty Neuman Health Care System Model, nurses on obstetrical units can understand the health effects battering has on the mother and infant. Battering puts the woman at serious risk. By systematically addressing this stressor, nurses can improve the health and quality of life of the mother and newborn.


Assuntos
Enfermagem Obstétrica , Período Pós-Parto , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/enfermagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Protocolos Clínicos , Feminino , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação em Enfermagem , Gravidez , Saúde da Mulher
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