[The effect of toluene and ammonia on the invasive process and immunological indices in experimental trichinelliasis in mice]. / Vliianie toluola i ammiaka na invazionnyi protsess i immunologicheskie pokazateli pri éksperimental'nom trikhinelleze u myshei.

Rap mice were exposed to toluene (T) inhalation for 10 days before invasion with 20 Trichinella spiralis larvae per g body weight (moderate infection). This resulted in diminished number of intestinal parasites in the presence of greater number of mast cells in the peritoneal exudate, higher IgE production, enhanced cell adhesion to trichinella larvae and of migration of splenic lymphocytes. Simultaneous inhalation of T and ammonia diminished the immune stimulating effect of the former. The number of intestinal trichinella was 1.5 times more but still twice less than in controls. Inhalation of T during the first 10 days of infection stimulated the immune response only in mice given 5 larvae per g. In those given 20 or 60 larvae per g, the immune response was suppressed and 40 and 100% of mice perished respectively. The exposure to T during 30-39 days of infection of mice given 35 larvae per g (the intensive infection) resulted in 50% death of the animals without significant changes in immune response. Simultaneous therapy with mebendazole (75 mg/kg) provided 100% survival in the presence of suppressed immune response. 100% of mice of the same group not exposed to T but treated with mebendazole died. The toxic and immunomodulating effects of T differ in intact and infected mice due to the dense, the stage of infection and to chemotherapy.

[The role of genetic and ecological factors in development of resistant phenotype in mice during experimental trichinelliasis]. / Znachenie geneticheskikh i ékologicheskikhh faktorov v formirovanii fenotipa rezistentnosti u myshei pri éksperimental'nom trikhinelleze.

The role of genetic (genes for wool, eyes colour, X and Y chromosomes, H-2 haplotype) and ecological (contamination intensity leading to strengthening of illness) factors in forming phenotype of resistance in mice under experimental trichinelliasis is studied. The experiments have been performed on male and female mice CBA/Ca, BALB/c, C57/BL/6J, DBA/2J, C3HA/Mv, CC57BR/Mv, CC577W/Mv and hybrids /C57BL/6J x CBA/Ca/F having 19-25 g mass each, which were infected with trichinella larvae of Byelorussian laboratory "strains" in dosage of 5, 20, 35 and 70 units per 1 g body mass. The intensity of intestine invasion, the level of free histamine in the liver, the index of inhibition of spleen leucocyte migration on the 7th day and intensity of muscle invasion on the 30th day after contamination were defined. The analysis of the results of the study allowed to formulate the following points of regularity of trichinella resistance phenotype formation in mice: 1. The phenotype is formed as the result of interaction of genetic and ecological factors. 2. Mice of different genotypes form different phenotypes of resistance to trichinella. 3. Mice of the same genotypes form different phenotypes of resistance to intestine and muscle trichinella. The problems of inheritance and mechanisms of resistance are discussed.

[Antibody-dependent cell-mediated immune reactions in experimental trichinelliasis in mice]. / Antitelozavisimye kletochno-oposredovannye immunnye reaktsii pri éksperimental'nom trikhinelleze myshei.

The experiments on mice experimentally infected with Trichinella larvae have established that in mild infection adhesive and killer cell reactions developed on day 14, reached their maximum on days 21-30 and began to attenuate on day 45. The cells from animals with moderate infection showed a higher immune activity which remained unchanged till day 90 of infection. The cells from mice with severe infection showed inhibition of immune activity which was most marked on days 21 and 30 of the infection. Eosinophiles and neutrophils are characterized by IgE-dependent cell adherence and killing activity, the involvement of macrophages in the responses seems to be insignificant.