Scale-free correlations in the dynamics of a small (N∼10000) cortical network.

The advent of novel optogenetics technology allows the recording of brain activity with a resolution never seen before. The characterization of these very large data sets offers new challenges as well as unique theory-testing opportunities. Here we discuss whether the spatial and temporal correlations of the collective activity of thousands of neurons are tangled as predicted by the theory of critical phenomena. The analysis shows that both the correlation length ξ and the correlation time τ scale as predicted as a function of the system size. With some peculiarities that we discuss, the analysis uncovers evidence consistent with the view that the large-scale brain cortical dynamics corresponds to critical phenomena.

Self-tuned criticality: Controlling a neuron near its bifurcation point via temporal correlations.

Previous work showed that the collective activity of large neuronal networks can be tamed to remain near its critical point by a feedback control that maximizes the temporal correlations of the mean-field fluctuations. Since such correlations behave similarly near instabilities across nonlinear dynamical systems, it is expected that the principle should control also low-dimensional dynamical systems exhibiting continuous or discontinuous bifurcations from fixed points to limit cycles. Here we present numerical evidence that the dynamics of a single neuron can be controlled in the vicinity of its bifurcation point. The approach is tested in two models: a two-dimensional generic excitable map and the paradigmatic FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron model. The results show that in both cases, the system can be self-tuned to its bifurcation point by modifying the control parameter according to the first coefficient of the autocorrelation function.

Importance sampling with imperfect cloning for the computation of generalized Lyapunov exponents.

We revisit the numerical calculation of generalized Lyapunov exponents, L(q), in deterministic dynamical systems. The standard method consists of adding noise to the dynamics in order to use importance sampling algorithms. Then L(q) is obtained by taking the limit noise-amplitude → 0 after the calculation. We focus on a particular method that involves periodic cloning and pruning of a set of trajectories. However, instead of considering a noisy dynamics, we implement an imperfect (noisy) cloning. This alternative method is compared with the standard one and, when possible, with analytical results. As a workbench we use the asymmetric tent map, the standard map, and a system of coupled symplectic maps. The general conclusion of this study is that the imperfect-cloning method performs as well as the standard one, with the advantage of preserving the deterministic dynamics.

Higher incidence of Zika in adult women than adult men in Rio de Janeiro suggests a significant contribution of sexual transmission from men to women.

OBJECTIVES: The recent emergence of Zika in Brazil and its association with an increased rate of congenital malformations has raised concerns over its impact on the birth rate in the country. Using data on the incidence of Zika in 2015-2016 and dengue in 2013 and 2015-2016 for the city of Rio de Janeiro (population 6.4 million), a massive increase of Zika in women compared to men was documented. METHODS: The age-adjusted incidence was compared between men and women. A negative binomial Poisson generalized linear model was fitted to the Zika incidence data to determine the significance of sexual transmission statistically. RESULTS: Even after correcting for the bias due to the systematic testing of pregnant women for Zika, there were found to be 90% more registered cases per 100000 women than men in the sexually active age group (15-65 years); this was not the case for age groups <15 years and >65 years. Assuming that infected men transmit the disease to women in their semen, but that the converse is not true, some extra incidence in women is to be expected. An alternate hypothesis would be that women visit doctors more often than men. To test this, the incidence of dengue fever was compared in men and women in 2015 and in 2013 (before Zika reached Rio de Janeiro): in both years, women were 30% more likely to be reported with dengue. CONCLUSION: Women in the sexually active age group are far more likely to get Zika than men (+90% increase); sexual transmission is the most probable cause. Women in the 15-65 years age group are also 30% more likely to be reported with dengue than men, which is probably due to women being more careful with their health.

Development of an oral suspension containing dry extract of Aleurites moluccanus with anti-inflammatory activity

Abstract Aleurites moluccanus L. (Willd.), Euphorbiaceae, is a tree that is native to Indonesia and India. Various parts of this tree are commonly used in traditional medicine to treat pain, fever, inflammation, hepatitis, gastric ulcer and other ailments. An oral suspension containing dried extract of A. moluccanus was developed and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated. Extract 100 and 50 mg/ml loaded oral suspensions were prepared using different suspending agents. The formulations were analysed by their appearance, pH, density, redispersion time, rate of settling, rheological behaviour, distribution of particle size and zeta potential. The dose uniformity was determined by measuring the content of total phenolic compounds expressed in swertisin by a validated HPLC method, as well as the dissolution profile. The stability of oral suspensions was analysed in accelerated studies (40 °C for 6 months). The anti-inflammatory activity was analysed using an in vivo paw oedema model. The taste and odour of the suspensions were shown to be characteristic of the extract. Carmellose sodium (CS; 0.5%) and microcrystalline cellulose and carmellose sodium mixture (MCCS; 1%) showed better physical behaviour. The content of total phenolic compounds was 1.6 mg/ml and approximately 100% of the total phenolic compounds dissolved within 10 min. During the stability study, the formulations were approved by their physical–chemical properties and were shown to lose 12–14% of total phenolic compounds at 40 °C after 6 months. Suspensions containing 50 mg/ml of standardised dried extract inhibited around 35 ± 7.6% of paw oedema. Formulations containing CS showed more anti-inflammatory activity. Suspensions containing dry extract of A. moluccanus were successfully obtained and showed physical and physical–chemistry properties that were appropriate and characteristic of this dosage form, suitable for administration in paediatric and elderly populations, making this an alternative to tablets.

Sleep apnea-hypopnea quantification by cardiovascular data analysis.

Sleep disorders are a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Sleep apnea is the most common sleep disturbance and its detection relies on a polysomnography, i.e., a combination of several medical examinations performed during a monitored sleep night. In order to detect occurrences of sleep apnea without the need of combined recordings, we focus our efforts on extracting a quantifier related to the events of sleep apnea from a cardiovascular time series, namely systolic blood pressure (SBP). Physiologic time series are generally highly nonstationary and entrap the application of conventional tools that require a stationary condition. In our study, data nonstationarities are uncovered by a segmentation procedure which splits the signal into stationary patches, providing local quantities such as mean and variance of the SBP signal in each stationary patch, as well as its duration L. We analysed the data of 26 apneic diagnosed individuals, divided into hypertensive and normotensive groups, and compared the results with those of a control group. From the segmentation procedure, we identified that the average duration , as well as the average variance <σ2>, are correlated to the apnea-hypoapnea index (AHI), previously obtained by polysomnographic exams. Moreover, our results unveil an oscillatory pattern in apneic subjects, whose amplitude S* is also correlated with AHI. All these quantities allow to separate apneic individuals, with an accuracy of at least 79%. Therefore, they provide alternative criteria to detect sleep apnea based on a single time series, the systolic blood pressure.

Diminished heart beat non-stationarities in congestive heart failure.

Studies on heart rate variability (HRV) have become popular and the possibility of diagnosis based on non-invasive techniques compels us to overcome the difficulties originated on the environmental changes that can affect the signal. We perform a non-parametric segmentation which consists of locating the points where the signal can be split into stationary segments. By finding stationary segments we are able to analyze the size of these segments and evaluate how the signal changes from one segment to another, looking at the statistical moments given in each patch, for example, mean and variance. We analyze HRV data for 15 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF; 11 males, 4 females, age 56±11 years), 18 elderly healthy subjects (EH; 11 males, 7 females, age 50±7 years), and 15 young healthy subjects (YH; 11 females, 4 males, age 31±6 years). Our results confirm higher variance for YH, and EH, while CHF displays diminished variance with p-values <0.01, when compared to the healthy groups, presenting higher HRV in healthy subjects. Moreover, it is possible to distinguish between YH and EH with p < 0.05 through the segmentation outcomes. We found high correlations between the results of segmentation and standard measures of HRV analysis and a connection to results of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). The segmentation applied to HRV studies detects aging and pathological conditions effects on the non-stationary behavior of the analyzed groups, promising to contribute in complexity analysis and providing risk stratification measures.

O Homem dos lobos e a atualidade da incerteza diagnóstica / The Wolf-man and the actuality of diagnostic uncertainty

A querela dos diagnósticos foi reaberta neste momento de reavaliação crítica de um dos mais importantes protocolos diagnósticos internacionais. Esta epidemia classificatória, ao repertoriar as manifestações do sofrimento psíquico, promove uma leitura biologizante do sujeito. O corpo da pulsão perde espaço para o real do corpo na tentativa vã de normatizá-lo. Na psicanálise, o diagnóstico não se baseia apenas nos fenômenos. Por esta razão, num caso como o do Homem dos lobos, mesmo as classificações mais apuradas se mostram insuficientes. Partiremos da diretriz freudiana a respeito do Édipo invertido, avançando a hipótese de que a virilidade do Homem dos lobos é puro semblant para ocultar uma posição apassividada, mantendo-o afastado da homossexualidade. O rigor da sua psicopatologia não evitou que Lacan se embaraçasse com o caso sem jamais contrapor-se ao ponto de vista de Freud. A orientação proposta por Miller, após a Convenção de Antibes, o reclassificou dentro da categoria da psicose ordinária. Às vésperas do seu centenário, a leitura do Homem dos lobos é obrigatória no debate das querelas diagnósticas atuais.(AU)

This is a time of critical reappraisal of a major international diagnostic protocol. Psychoanalysts fear to promote a biologizing overview of the subject. The body of drive may be losing ground to the body of biology and there is a growing desire to regulate it. However, it is a time of questioning the scientific value of diagnosis in general and in particular of psychoanalytic diagnosis. In Freudian psychoanalysis, diagnosis is not based solely on the phenomena. Therefore, the case of the Wolf Man shows that even the most accurate classifications are insufficient. According to Miller, it is a case of ordinary psychosis. We have resumed the study of the case to show that Freudian diagnosis is based on the theory of the reversed Oedipus. Our hypothesis is that the Wolf Man's virility is pure semblance to hide a passive position, keeping him away from homosexuality. On the eve of its centennial, the reading of the Wolf Man is mandatory in the discussion of current diagnostic quarrels.(AU)

O homem dos lobos e a atualidade da incerteza diagnóstica / The wolf-man and the actuality of diagnostic uncertainty

A querela dos diagnósticos foi reaberta neste momento de reavaliação crítica de um dos mais importantes protocolos diagnósticos internacionais. Esta epidemia classificatória, ao repertoriar as manifestações do sofrimento psíquico, promove uma leitura biologizante do sujeito. O corpo da pulsão perde espaço para o real do corpo na tentativa vã de normatizá-lo. Na psicanálise, o diagnóstico não se baseia apenas nos fenômenos. Por esta razão, num caso como o do Homem dos lobos, mesmo as classificações mais apuradas se mostram insuficientes. Partiremos da diretriz freudiana a respeito do Édipo invertido, avançando a hipótese de que a virilidade do Homem dos lobos é puro semblant para ocultar uma posição apassividada, mantendo-o afastado da homossexualidade. O rigor da sua psicopatologia não evitou que Lacan se embaraçasse com o caso sem jamais contrapor-se ao ponto de vista de Freud. A orientação proposta por Miller, após a Convenção de Antibes, o reclassificou dentro da categoria da psicose ordinária. Às vésperas do seu centenário, a leitura do Homem dos lobos é obrigatória no debate das querelas diagnósticas atuais.

This is a time of critical reappraisal of a major international diagnostic protocol. Psychoanalysts fear to promote a biologizing overview of the subject. The body of drive may be losing ground to the body of biology and there is a growing desire to regulate it. However, it is a time of questioning the scientific value of diagnosis in general and in particular of psychoanalytic diagnosis. In Freudian psychoanalysis, diagnosis is not based solely on the phenomena. Therefore, the case of the Wolf Man shows that even the most accurate classifications are insufficient. According to Miller, it is a case of ordinary psychosis. We have resumed the study of the case to show that Freudian diagnosis is based on the theory of the reversed Oedipus. Our hypothesis is that the Wolf Man's virility is pure semblance to hide a passive position, keeping him away from homosexuality. On the eve of its centennial, the reading of the Wolf Man is mandatory in the discussion of current diagnostic quarrels.

Intermingled basins in coupled Lorenz systems.

We consider a system of two identical linearly coupled Lorenz oscillators presenting synchronization of chaotic motion for a specified range of the coupling strength. We verify the existence of global synchronization and antisynchronization attractors with intermingled basins of attraction such that the basin of one attractor is riddled with holes belonging to the basin of the other attractor and vice versa. We investigated this phenomenon by verifying the fulfillment of the mathematical requirements for intermingled basins and obtained scaling laws that characterize quantitatively the riddling of both basins in this system.

O Homem dos Lobos: análise de um caso paradigmático de incerteza diagnóstica.Como o estudo do caso pode contribuir para o diagnóstico na clínicapsicanalítica da atualidade / The Wolf Man: na analysis of a paradigm case of diagnosis uncertainty. How can the study of the case contribute to diagnosis in today’s psychoanalytical clinic / L’Homme aux Loups: l’analyse d’un cas paradigmatique d’incertitude de diagnostic. Comment l’éude de cas peut-elle donner une contribution au diagnostic dans la clinique psychanalytique actuelle

O presente artigo é fruto de minha pesquisa de doutorado no programa de Pós-praduação em teoria psicanalítica, da UFRJ, sobre o diagnóstico em psicanálise a partir da leitura do caso freudiano do Homem dos Lobos. Numa época dominada pelas ciências cognitivas e neurofarmacológicas o olhar dirigido ao padecimento mental passa a ser padronizado ao desprover o sujeito de sua singularidade. Temos o apogeu de uma clínica sem sujeito que o exime de qualquer responsabilidade e implicação sobre seu adoecimento. Neste contexto, resgato o caso de Freud sobre o Homem dos Lobos através dos diferentes trabalhos propostos pelos analistas da Escola da Causa Freudiana de Paris. Parto de uma questão inicial a respeito da importância do diagnóstico na clínica psicanalítica e o que esta ferramente diz, verdadeiramente, do sujeito para encerrar com uma proposta de leitura do caso a partir do terceiro ensino lacaniano, em fase inicial de pesquisa

The following article is a result of my p.h.d research at the graduate program in psychoanalytical theory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. It examins psychoanalytical diagnosis from the study of Freud’s case of the Wolf Man. In an age ruled by cognitive and neuro-pharmachological sciences , the outlook on mental suffering tends to be standardized by stripping te subject of its singularity. We have the era of a clinic with no subject that exempts it of any responsibility or implication in its suffering. In this context, I bring back Freud’s case of the Wolf Man through several projects develloped by the analysts of the School of The Freudian Cause in Paris. I’ll start with the inicial questionning about the importance of diagnosis in psychoanalytic treatment and what it truly says about the subject, and I finish with a reading proposal of the case based on the third teaching of Lacan that is still in thr process of research

L’article qui suit est le résultat de ma recherche doctoral dans le cadre du programme de troisième cycle en théorie psychanalytique de l’Université Fédérale de Rio de Janeiro. Il s’agit du diagnostic en psychanalyse par le biais de la lecture du cas de L’Homme aux Loups. Dans une époque dominée par les sciences cognitives et neuropharmacologiques le regard dirigé sur la souffrance mentale est standardisé par la séparation du sujet de sa singularité. Nous avons l’apogée d’une clinique sans sujet qui l’exempt de toute responsabilité ou implication par rapport a sa maladie. Dans ce contexte je reprends le cas de l’Homme aux Loups par le biais de plusieurs travaux proposés par les analystes de l’École de La Cause Freudienne. Mon point de départ est le questionnement de l’importance du diagnostic dans la clinique psychanalytique et ce que celle ci peut véritablement avancer a propos du sujet. L’issue de ce travail est une proposition de lecture du cas, cadrée sur le troisième enseignement de Lacan qui est encore en processus de recherche

O Homem dos Lobos: análise de um caso paradigmático de incerteza diagnóstica.Como o estudo do caso pode contribuir para o diagnóstico na clínicapsicanalítica da atualidade / The Wolf Man: na analysis of a paradigm case of diagnosis uncertainty. How can the study of the case contribute to diagnosis in today’s psychoanalytical clinic / L’Homme aux Loups: l’analyse d’un cas paradigmatique d’incertitude de diagnostic. Comment l’éude de cas peut-elle donner une contribution au diagnostic dans la clinique psychanalytique actuelle

O presente artigo é fruto de minha pesquisa de doutorado no programa de Pós-praduação em teoria psicanalítica, da UFRJ, sobre o diagnóstico em psicanálise a partir da leitura do caso freudiano do Homem dos Lobos. Numa época dominada pelas ciências cognitivas e neurofarmacológicas o olhar dirigido ao padecimento mental passa a ser padronizado ao desprover o sujeito de sua singularidade. Temos o apogeu de uma clínica sem sujeito que o exime de qualquer responsabilidade e implicação sobre seu adoecimento. Neste contexto, resgato o caso de Freud sobre o Homem dos Lobos através dos diferentes trabalhos propostos pelos analistas da Escola da Causa Freudiana de Paris. Parto de uma questão inicial a respeito da importância do diagnóstico na clínica psicanalítica e o que esta ferramente diz, verdadeiramente, do sujeito para encerrar com uma proposta de leitura do caso a partir do terceiro ensino lacaniano, em fase inicial de pesquisa.

The following article is a result of my p.h.d research at the graduate program in psychoanalytical theory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. It examins psychoanalytical diagnosis from the study of Freud’s case of the Wolf Man. In an age ruled by cognitive and neuro-pharmachological sciences , the outlook on mental suffering tends to be standardized by stripping te subject of its singularity. We have the era of a clinic with no subject that exempts it of any responsibility or implication in its suffering. In this context, I bring back Freud’s case of the Wolf Man through several projects develloped by the analysts of the School of The Freudian Cause in Paris. I’ll start with the inicial questionning about the importance of diagnosis in psychoanalytic treatment and what it truly says about the subject, and I finish with a reading proposal of the case based on the third teaching of Lacan that is still in thr process of research.

L’article qui suit est le résultat de ma recherche doctoral dans le cadre du programme de troisième cycle en théorie psychanalytique de l’Université Fédérale de Rio de Janeiro. Il s’agit du diagnostic en psychanalyse par le biais de la lecture du cas de L’Homme aux Loups. Dans une époque dominée par les sciences cognitives et neuropharmacologiques le regard dirigé sur la souffrance mentale est standardisé par la séparation du sujet de sa singularité. Nous avons l’apogée d’une clinique sans sujet qui l’exempt de toute responsabilité ou implication par rapport a sa maladie. Dans ce contexte je reprends le cas de l’Homme aux Loups par le biais de plusieurs travaux proposés par les analystes de l’École de La Cause Freudienne. Mon point de départ est le questionnement de l’importance du diagnostic dans la clinique psychanalytique et ce que celle ci peut véritablement avancer a propos du sujet. L’issue de ce travail est une proposition de lecture du cas, cadrée sur le troisième enseignement de Lacan qui est encore en processus de recherche.

Considerações freudianas sobre a neurose obsessiva / Freudian concepts on obsessive neurosis

Este artigo procura traçar o caminho investigativo freudiano na análise da neurose obsessiva. Através da leitura cronológica de textos pertinentes ao tema proposto, retomamos alguns dos pontos fundamentais sobre a neurose obsessiva, sobretudo referente à importância das primeiras experiências sexuais infantis, o papel da analidade, da dualidade pulsional e do superego na formação desta neurose. Para dar conta deste objeto de estudo, revisitaremos as obras freudianas, pois pensamos que é somente neste retorno à Freud, que poderemos avançar e propor novos desdobramentos sobre a neurose obsessiva, além de servir como passo preliminar na investigação das demais estruturas clinicas e da importância do diagnóstico diferencial em psicanálise.

This article aims to retrace Freud's investigation process when studying obsessive neurosis. Through chronological reading of his writings concerning the present topic, we shall follow some fundamental ideas on obsessive neurosis, especially referring to the first childhood sexual experiences, the role of anality, duality of drive and super-ego in the formation of this neurosis. In order to achieve the goal of this study we will return to the work of Freud, for we think only such a return will provide new grounds for the study of obsessive neurosis as well as serving as the first step in the investigation of other clinical structures and the importance of an adapted diagnosis in psychoanalysis.

Considerações freudianas sobre a neurose obsessiva / Freudian concepts on obsessive neurosis

Este artigo procura traçar o caminho investigativo freudiano na análise da neurose obsessiva. Através da leitura cronológica de textos pertinentes ao tema proposto, retomamos alguns dos pontos fundamentais sobre a neurose obsessiva, sobretudo referente à importância das primeiras experiências sexuais infantis, o papel da analidade, da dualidade pulsional e do superego na formação desta neurose. Para dar conta deste objeto de estudo, revisitaremos as obras freudianas, pois pensamos que é somente neste retorno à Freud, que poderemos avançar e propor novos desdobramentos sobre a neurose obsessiva, além de servir como passo preliminar na investigação das demais estruturas clinicas e da importância do diagnóstico diferencial em psicanálise.

This article aims to retrace Freud's investigation process when studying obsessive neurosis. Through chronological reading of his writings concerning the present topic, we shall follow some fundamental ideas on obsessive neurosis, especially referring to the first childhood sexual experiences, the role of anality, duality of drive and super-ego in the formation of this neurosis. In order to achieve the goal of this study we will return to the work of Freud, for we think only such a return will provide new grounds for the study of obsessive neurosis as well as serving as the first step in the investigation of other clinical structures and the importance of an adapted diagnosis in psychoanalysis.

Tristeza ou depressão? Uma impropriedade significante / Sadness or depression? A significant impropriety

Neste artigo procurou-se analisar as dimensões do discurso oficial das organizações de saúde mental e dos seus efeitos sobre a subjetividade humana, a partir do exame de alguns aspectos do mais recente guia sobre a depressão, publicado e divulgado nos meios de comunicação da França. Diante do aumento do número de casos de deprimidos, da prescrição em larga escala de medicamentos, um olhar deve ser lançado sobre esta novaforma de mal-estar atual. Numa era dominada pela ciência tecnológica e pelos imperativos decorrentes da falência do Nome-do-Pai, verifica-se o surgimento de sujeitos totalmente desamparados. A aposta da autora é de que, através da palavra, a psicanálise pode operar sobre o sujeito, fazendo-o recuperar o laço social, em sua dimensão simbólica.

In this article, the author tries to analyze different dimensions of the official speech of the mental health organizations, as well as their effects upon human subjectivity, as from the examination of some aspects of the most recent guide about the depression, published and became known in France. Due to the increase incidence of the depression’s cases and of the medicament’s prescriptions, a critical view regarding should be taken on this new unease actual form. In a period dominated by the technological science and the decline of the Name of the Father, we see the appearance of the subjects totally abandoned. The author’s bet is that the psychoanalysis, through its talking cure method, may provide the subjects the means to recover their social ties which are fragmented in their symbolic dimension.

Tristeza ou depressão? Uma impropriedade significante / Sadness or depression? A significant impropriety

Neste artigo procurou-se analisar as dimensões do discurso oficial das organizações de saúde mental e dos seus efeitos sobre a subjetividade humana, a partir do exame de alguns aspectos do mais recente guia sobre a depressão, publicado e divulgado nos meios de comunicação da França. Diante do aumento do número de casos de deprimidos, da prescrição em larga escala de medicamentos, um olhar deve ser lançado sobre esta novaforma de mal-estar atual. Numa era dominada pela ciência tecnológica e pelos imperativos decorrentes da falência do Nome-do-Pai, verifica-se o surgimento de sujeitos totalmente desamparados. A aposta da autora é de que, através da palavra, a psicanálise pode operar sobre o sujeito, fazendo-o recuperar o laço social, em sua dimensão simbólica.

In this article, the author tries to analyze different dimensions of the official speech of the mental health organizations, as well as their effects upon human subjectivity, as from the examination of some aspects of the most recent guide about the depression, published and became known in France. Due to the increase incidence of the depression’s cases and of the medicament’s prescriptions, a critical view regarding should be taken on this new unease actual form. In a period dominated by the technological science and the decline of the Name of the Father, we see the appearance of the subjects totally abandoned. The author’s bet is that the psychoanalysis, through its talking cure method, may provide the subjects the means to recover their social ties which are fragmented in their symbolic dimension.

Parâmetros eritrocitários do jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) submetido à dieta com diferentes níveis de proteína / Erythrocytic parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) as affected by different protein level diets

O jundiá é espécie de interesse econômico para região sul do Rio Grande do Sul, pois adapta-se a diferentes ambientes e dietas artificiais, apresentando fácil manejo e boa aceitação comercial. O bom estado nutricional é fator determinante no desenvolvimento dos peixes. A formação das células sangüíneas é dependente da manipulação da dieta. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da dieta com diferentes níveis de proteína sobre os parâmetros eritrocitários do jundiá. Foram utilizados 90 peixes, com comprimento padrão médio de 20,0±1,2cm e peso médio de 131,4±25,9g. Os animais foram distribuídos em três caixas de 1.000L, contendo três cestos (80L) cada, com três níveis de proteína bruta (30, 40 e 50 por cento). Os animais foram amostrados a cada duas semanas, durante 45 dias. Após serem anestesiados, foi realizada a coleta de sangue através de punção caudal, utilizando-se agulha e seringa que contêm EDTA a 10 por cento. As análises sangüíneas correspondentes à série eritrocitária foram realizadas através de contador automatizado. O nível protéico da dieta influencia os parâmetros eritrocitários, em especial o número total de eritrócitos, a taxa de hemoglobina e o hematócrito, sendo que o nível de 50 por cento de PB foi o que mais estimulou a eritropoiese.

Crescimento e sobrevivência do catfish de canal (Ictalurus punctatus sp) e jundiá (Rhamdia sp) no outono-inverno do Rio Grande do Sul / Growth and survival of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus sp) and silver catfish (Rhamdia sp) through autumn-winter in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

O catfish é um peixe de couro, com hábito alimentar onívoro, nativo dos Estados Unidos, tendo despertado interesse dos produtores e indústrias da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul, devido à qualidade da carne, crescimento e facilidade de manejo. O jundiá também é um peixe de couro com hábito alimentar onívoro, apresentando bom desenvolvimento e fácil reprodução, sendo necessário avaliar seu potencial em sistemas de produção intensiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o desempenho e sobrevivência do catfish, jundiá cinza e albino. O experimento foi realizado na estação de piscicultura do Chasqueiro, localizada no município de Arroio Grande - RS, no período de abril a agosto de 2001, tendo a duração de 135 dias. Utilizaram-se 120 juvenis de catfish (91,8±25,8g), 120 de jundiá albino (83,7±20,9g) e 120 de jundiá cinza (80,4±12,5g), distribuídos em 3 tanques de terra retangulares, com 180m², divididos longitudinalmente em três parcelas, formando um total de 9 divisões de 60m² cada. Os peixes foram colocados em uma densidade de 0,6 peixe/m² da área, e alimentados com ração comercial extrusada (PB 36 por cento) na ordem de 3 por cento da biomassa ao dia. Durante o período experimental avaliou-se o ganho de peso, o crescimento e a sobrevivência dos animais. A temperatura da água variou entre 11 e 290C, com média de 18,5°C. Os resultados indicaram um ganho de peso no período de 40,4; 74,1 e 109,1g e sobrevivências de 14, 32 e 63 por cento para o catfish, jundiá albino e cinza, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o jundiá cinza apresentou o melhor desempenho produtivo no período analisado.