Novel Scaffold Based on Chitosan Hydrogels/Phthalated Cashew Gum for Supporting Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Hydrogels are structures that have value for application in the area of tissue engineering because they mimic the extracellular matrix. Naturally obtained polysaccharides, such as chitosan (CH) and cashew gum, are materials with the ability to form polymeric networks due to their physicochemical properties. This research aimed to develop a scaffold based on chitosan and phthalated cashew tree gum and test it as a support for the growth of human mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, phthalation in cashew gum (PCG) was performed by using a solvent-free route. PCG-CH scaffold was developed by polyelectrolyte complexation, and its ability to support adherent stem cell growth was evaluated. The scaffold showed a high swelling rate. The pore sizes of the scaffold were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were isolated, expanded, and characterized for their potential to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages and for their immunophenotypic profile. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells presented fibroblastoid morphology, plastic adhesion capacity, and differentiation in osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in scaffolds to assess cell adhesion and growth. The cells seeded on the scaffold showed typical morphology, attachment, and adequate distribution inside the matrix pores. Thus, cells seeded in the scaffold may improve the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of these biomaterials.

Pelvimetric characteristics in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) bred under human care / Características pelvimétricas em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) criadas sob cuidados humanos

The aim of the study was to establish the pattern of the agouti pelvis by obtaining external and radiographic internal pelvimetric values. Forty-three agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), females and males bred in under human care were used. The parameters measured were the external biiliac diameter; the external biischiatic diameter; right and left external ilioischiatic diameters and radiographic internal measurements (true conjugated, the diagonal conjugated; the vertical, the sacral, sagittal, coxal tuberosity, upper biiliac, lower biiliac, and biischiatic diameter. The inlet pelvic area and the outlet pelvic area were calculated, as well the height/width ratios of the entrance area of the pelvis and the pelvic outlet area were calculated. The mean values for each body measurement of females and males were: weight 1.91kg and 2.04kg, external biiliac diameter 6.32cm and 6.30cm, external biischiatic diameter 4.34cm and 4.28cm, right external ilioischiatic diameter 9.01cm and 9.33cm, left external ilioischiatic diameter 9.13cm and 9.30cm, true conjugated 3.90cm and 3.68cm, diagonal conjugated 7.13cm and 6.91cm, vertical diameter 2.59cm and 2.45cm, sacral diameter 2.63cm and 2.44cm, sagittal diameter 3.30cm and 3.09cm, coxal tuberosity diameter 2.52cm and 2.43cm, upper biiliac diameter 6.28cm and 6.24cm, lower biiliac diameter 2.98cm and 2.58cm, biischiatic diameter 2.60cm and 2.70cm, height/width ratio - vertical/ lower biiliac diameter 0.88cm and 0.95cm, sagital/coxal tuberosity diameter 1.32cm and 1.28cm, inlet pelvic area 82.38cm and 77.83cm and outlet pelvic area 24.76cm and 20.07cm. Agouti are dolichopelvic animals, demonstrating the existence of a discrete sexual dimorphism in adults and low intensity correlations between the external and internal measures studied.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o padrão da pelve de cutia, masculina e feminina, por meio da obtenção dos valores médios da pelvimetria externa e interna radiográfica. Foram utilizadas 43 cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), fêmeas e machos criadas sob cuidados humanos. Os parâmetros medidos foram o diâmetro biilíaco externo; o diâmetro biisquiático externo; diâmetros ilioisquiáticos externos direito e esquerdo e medidas internas radiográficas (diâmetros conjugado verdadeiro, diagonal conjugado, vertical, sacral, sagital, tuberosidade coxal, biilíaco superior, biilíaco inferior e diâmetro biisquiático). A área pélvica de entrada e a área pélvica de saída foram calculadas , assim como foram calculadas as razões altura/largura da área de entrada da pelve e da área de saída da pelve. Os valores médios para as medidas das fêmeas e dos machos foram, respectivamente: peso 1,91kg e 2,04kg, diâmetro biilíaco externo 6,32cm e 6,30 cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo 4,34cm e 4,28cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo direito 9,01cm e 9,33cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo esquerdo 9,13cm e 9,30cm, diâmetro conjugado verdadeiro 3,90cm e 3,68cm, diâmetro conjugado diagonal 7,13cm e 6,91cm, diâmetro vertical 2,59cm e 2,45cm, diâmetro sacral 2,63cm e 2,44cm, diâmetro sagital 3,30cm e 3,09cm, tuberosidade coxal diâmetro 2,52cm e 2,43cm, diâmetro biilíaco superior 6,28cm e 6,24cm, diâmetro biilíaco inferior 2,98cm e 2,58cm, diâmetro biisquiático 2,60cm e 2,70cm, relação altura/largura - vertical/diâmetro biilíaco inferior 0,88cm e 0,95cm, diâmetro sagital/coxal tuberosidade 1,32cm e 1,28cm, área pélvica de entrada 82,38cm e 77,83 cm e área pélvica de saída 24,76cm e 20,07cm. As cutias são animais dolicopélvicos, demonstrando a existência de um discreto dimorfismo sexual em adultos e correlações de baixa intensidade entre as medidas externas e internas estudadas.

Characterization and plasticity of wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells of goat

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from several anatomical sites, have already been described, characterized and used in therapeutic models for tissue repair. The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, represented by cells from arteries and veins walls, as well as Wharton's jelly are easy to be obtained, highly available, require no invasive procedure, do not present risk to donors and do not present ethical limitation. The aim of this research was to analyze the plasticity of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) of goat, evaluating their behavior in vitro and characterizing them immunophenotypically. Thus, tests were performed on colony forming units, viability and cell growth curve, flow cytometry analysis and plasticity potential. Goat umbilical cord matrix cells exhibited fibroblastoid morphology with colony formation and self-renewal ability, always maintaining their undifferentiated state up to the eighth passage (P8). The growth curve kinetics exhibited the LAG, LOG, and DECAY phases, without displaying a PLATEAU phase. The plasticity assay demonstrated positive differentiation for osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lines, characterized by the synthesis of intracytoplasmic granules or extracellular matrix with the presence of calcium, lipids and proteoglycans. Flow cytometry demonstrated the expression of CD90 and CD105; absence of CD14 expression. It is concluded that the cell population isolated from the Wharton's jelly of goat constitutes a representative sample of mesenchymal stem cells, with great possibilities in the field of regenerative and reproductive medicine.

The influence of Aloe vera with mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp on bone regeneration: characterization and treatment of non-critical defects of the tibia in rats.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory effect and bone formation in sterile surgical failures after implantation of a collagen sponge with mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) and Aloe vera. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rattus norvegicus (n=75) were divided into five experimental groups according to treatment: G1) control (blood clot); G2) Hemospon®; G3) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera; G4) Hemospon® in a culture medium containing hDPSCs and G5) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera and hDPSCs. On days 7, 15 and 30, the animals were euthanized, and the tibia was dissected for histological, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. The results were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test. RESULTS: On days 7 and 15, the groups with Aloe vera had less average acute inflammatory infiltrate compared to the control group and the group with Hemospon® (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding bone formation at the three experimental points in time. Osteopontin expression corroborated the intensity of bone formation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed positive labeling with Q-Tracker® in hDPSCs before transplantation and tissue repair. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the combination of Hemospon®, Aloe vera and hDPSCs is a form of clinical treatment for the repair of non-critical bone defects that reduces the inflammatory cascade's effects.

The influence of Aloe vera with mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp on bone regeneration: characterization and treatment of non-critical defects of the tibia in rats

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory effect and bone formation in sterile surgical failures after implantation of a collagen sponge with mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) and Aloe vera. Material and Methods Rattus norvegicus (n=75) were divided into five experimental groups according to treatment: G1) control (blood clot); G2) Hemospon®; G3) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera; G4) Hemospon® in a culture medium containing hDPSCs and G5) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera and hDPSCs. On days 7, 15 and 30, the animals were euthanized, and the tibia was dissected for histological, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. The results were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test. Results On days 7 and 15, the groups with Aloe vera had less average acute inflammatory infiltrate compared to the control group and the group with Hemospon® (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding bone formation at the three experimental points in time. Osteopontin expression corroborated the intensity of bone formation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed positive labeling with Q-Tracker® in hDPSCs before transplantation and tissue repair. Conclusion The results suggest that the combination of Hemospon®, Aloe vera and hDPSCs is a form of clinical treatment for the repair of non-critical bone defects that reduces the inflammatory cascade's effects.

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis.

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. METHODS: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. RESULTS: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. CONCLUSION: The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p<0.01), when compared to the other treatments.

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis

Abstract Purpose: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Methods: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic platelet-rich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. Results: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. Conclusion: The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p<0.01), when compared to the other treatments.

Serum biochemistry in hystricomorpha: agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) during pregnancy / Bioquímica sérica em hystricomorpha: cutia (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, WAGLER, 1831) durante o período gestacional

The aim of this estudy was to establish the levels of serum total protein, albumin, globulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, bilirubin and glucose during pregnancy in agoutis. Animals: Twelve pregnant agouti from the Center for the Study and Preservation of Wild Animals (CSPWA) of the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI) were used in this research. After identification of the estrus, the day of the coverage was confirmed by means of vaginal cytology with the visualization of spermatozoa (day zero) and confirmation of pregnancy by ultrasonographic examination after 15 days. Blood samples were collected by lateral saphenous vein puncture after physical restraint, every 10 days until the end of pregnancy, for biochemical analyzes. A completely randomized experimental design was used and the means compared by the Duncan test at 5% probability using the SAS (Statistical Analysis System). The results of the biochemical analysis of total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, serum ALT, glucose, AST, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin in pregnant agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) did not differ when compared to nonpregnant females. The serum biochemical levels during pregnancy in agoutis, except for calcium and phosphorus, were unchanged compared to those found in the non-pregnant adult animal, as occurs in other species. The changes during pregnancy reflect the physiology and biology of wild species, elucidating information about the biochemical parameters during pregnancy, thus characterizing the animal as a benchmark for comparisons with other species, extolling its importance both for nature conservation and production in capivity.

O estudo objetivou estabelecer os níveis séricos de proteínas totais, albumina, globulina, Alanina Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartato Aminotransferase (AST), cálcio, fósforo, ureia, creatinina, bilirrubina e glicose durante a gestação em cutias. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida utilizando-se 12 cutias fêmeas criadas no Núcleo de Estudos, Produção e Preservação de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Após a identificação do estro, o dia da cobertura foi confirmado por meio de citologia vaginal com a visualização de espermatozoides (dia zero) e confirmação da gestação por exame ultrassonográfico após 15 dias. Confirmada a gestação, foram coletados 03 mL de sangue mediante punção da veia pudenda interna, após contenção física, a cada 10 dias, até o final da gestação. Foi feita a análise de variância para um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com teste de Duncan para comparação das médias a 5% de probabilidade utilizando-se do programa estatístico SAS (Statistical Analysis System). Os resultados obtidos por meio da análise bioquímica de proteína total, albumina, globulina, ureia, creatinina, cálcio, fósforo, ALT séricas, glicose, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), bilirrubina total, bilirrubina direta e bilirrubina indireta de cutias gestantes (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) diferem de forma absoluta quando comparados a fêmeas não gestantes. Os níveis bioquímicos séricos durante a gestação em cutias, com exceção do cálcio, fósforo, sofrem alterações comparadas ao animal adulto não prenhe, como ocorre em outras espécies. Os níveis nas cutias gestantes sofrem alterações de acordo com o tempo de gestação, com maiores mudanças no período inicial e final da prenhez. As mudanças durante a gravidez refletem a fisiologia e a biologia da espécie silvestre, elucidando informações sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos durante a gestação, caracterizando o animal como referência para comparações com outras espécies, exaltando a importância tanto para sua conservação quanto para a sua produção em cativeiro.

Técnica de fatiamento do ovário para obtenção de oócitos em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) / Ovarian slicing technique to obtain oocytes from agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha)

As biotécnicas da reprodução são importantes ferramentas para conservação de espécies domésticas e silvestres, pois permitem a recuperação e uso futuro de material reprodutivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros morfológicos de CCOs de cutias, obtidos pela técnica de fatiamento do ovário para utilização em protocolos de maturação e fecundação na produção in vitro de embriões. Foram utilizadas dezessete cutias fêmeas do NEPAS, CCA- UFPI, com idade e peso médios de 3,9 anos e 2,16Kg, respectivamente, que foram submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia. Os ovários após dissecados e pesados em balança de precisão, foram fatiados individualmente. Procedeu-se a busca e seleção dos CCOs em estereomicroscópio, os quais foram identificados e quantificados por cada ovário, além de classificados quanto a sua morfologia segundo a quantidade de camadas de células do cumulus e ao citoplasma em quatro graus. Verificou-se que a técnica de fatiamento do ovário possibilitou a obtenção de CCOs de cutias, com recuperação de grande quantidade e de variados graus de qualidade. Não houve correlações entre a idade dos animais e o peso dos ovários; a idade e o número de CCOs obtidos; entre o peso das cutias e o peso dos ovários e o número de CCOs obtidos.

The reproductive biotechnologies are important tools for conservation of domestic and wild animal species, because they allow the recovery and future use of reproductive material. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological parameters of COCs of agoutis obtained by slicing the ovary for using them in maturation and fertilization protocols in vitro production of embryos. Seventeen female agoutis NEPAS, CCA-UFPI, age and weight average of 3.9 years and 2.16 kg, respectively, were underwent ovariossalpingohisterectomy. The ovaries after dissected and weighed on a precision balance were sliced individually. We proceeded the search and selection of COCs in stereomicroscope, which were identified and quantified by each ovary, and classified as to their morphology, by the quantity of layers of cumulus cells and the cytoplasm into four degrees. It has been found that the technique of slicing ovarian possible to obtain agouti COCs with recovery of loads and varying degrees of quality. There was no correlation between age and weight of animal ovaries, age and the number of COCs obtained; between the weight of agoutis and weight of ovaries and the number of COCs obtained.

Collared pecary (Tayassu tajacu) as a new model of renal ischemic injury induced by clamping the renal artery.

PURPOSE: The use of the collared peccary as an experimental model for ischemic nephropathy. METHODS: A total of 12 collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) was used and ischemic nephropathy was induced in six of these animals that constituted the experimental group (G1) while the other six formed the control group (G2). Ischemic nephropathy was induced surgically by partial occlusion of the left renal artery. The disease course was assessed by hematological tests, serum chemistry, urinalysis, ultrasound (US) and doppler ultrasound function of the renal artery before induction, and at five, 10, 15 and 20 days after surgery. Twenty days after the occlusion, unilateral nephrectomy and histopathological examination were performed to assess renal morphology. RESULTS: Statistical analysis by Fischer's test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the control group and the experimental group. The histopathological examination showed glomerular, tubular and interstitial lesions. In the experimental group, 83.3% (5 /6) showed moderate renal lesions and only 16.7% (1/6) were classified with no lesions. The ultrasound examination of the right kidney presented statistical difference between day 5 and day 10 post occlusion. CONCLUSION: The collared peccary as a good experimental model for ischemic renal disease, because it could be manipulated during the research time without death, with health conditions that permit any subsequent procedure for disease therapy.

Collared Pecary (tayassu tajacu) as a new model of renal ischemic injury induced by clamping the renal artery

PURPOSE: The use of the collared peccary as an experimental model for ischemic nephropathy. METHODS: A total of 12 collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) was used and ischemic nephropathy was induced in six of these animals that constituted the experimental group (G1) while the other six formed the control group (G2). Ischemic nephropathy was induced surgically by partial occlusion of the left renal artery. The disease course was assessed by hematological tests, serum chemistry, urinalysis, ultrasound (US) and doppler ultrasound function of the renal artery before induction, and at five, 10, 15 and 20 days after surgery. Twenty days after the occlusion, unilateral nephrectomy and histopathological examination were performed to assess renal morphology. RESULTS: Statistical analysis by Fischer's test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the control group and the experimental group. The histopathological examination showed glomerular, tubular and interstitial lesions. In the experimental group, 83.3% (5 /6) showed moderate renal lesions and only 16.7% (1/6) were classified with no lesions. The ultrasound examination of the right kidney presented statistical difference between day 5 and day 10 post occlusion. CONCLUSION: The collared peccary as a good experimental model for ischemic renal disease, because it could be manipulated during the research time without death, with health conditions that permit any subsequent procedure for disease therapy. .

Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal progenitors derived from the bone marrow of goats native from northeastern Brazil.

PURPOSE: To characterize bone marrow progenitors cells grown in vitro, using native goats from northeastern Brazil as animal model. METHODS: Ten northeastern Brazil native goats of both genders were used from the Piauí Federal University Agricultural Science Center's (UFPI) - Goat Farming Sector. Bone marrow aspirates where taken from the tibial ridge and seeded on culture plates for isolation, expansion and Flow Cytometry (expression markers - Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, Nanog). RESULTS: Progenitor cells showed colonies characterized by the presence of cell pellets with fibroblastoid morphology. Cell confluence was taken after 14 days culture and the non-adherent mononuclear cell progressive reduction. After the first passage, 94.36% cell viability was observed, starting from 4.6 x 106 cell/mL initially seeded. Cells that went through flow cytometry showed positive expression for Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, and Nanog. CONCLUSIONS: Bone marrow progenitor isolated of native goats from northeastern Brazil showed expression markers also seen in embryonic stem cells (Oct-3/4, Nanog), markers of cell proliferation (PCNA) and markers for mesenchymal cells (Vimentina and Ck-pan), which associated to morphological and culture growth features, suggest the existence of a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population in the goat bone marrow stromal cells studied.

Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal progenitors derived from the bone marrow of goats native from northeastern Brazil

PURPOSE: To characterize bone marrow progenitors cells grown in vitro, using native goats from northeastern Brazil as animal model. METHODS: Ten northeastern Brazil native goats of both genders were used from the Piauí Federal University Agricultural Science Center's (UFPI) - Goat Farming Sector. Bone marrow aspirates where taken from the tibial ridge and seeded on culture plates for isolation, expansion and Flow Cytometry (expression markers - Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, Nanog). RESULTS: Progenitor cells showed colonies characterized by the presence of cell pellets with fibroblastoid morphology. Cell confluence was taken after 14 days culture and the non-adherent mononuclear cell progressive reduction. After the first passage, 94.36% cell viability was observed, starting from 4.6 x 106 cell/mL initially seeded. Cells that went through flow cytometry showed positive expression for Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, and Nanog. CONCLUSIONS: Bone marrow progenitor isolated of native goats from northeastern Brazil showed expression markers also seen in embryonic stem cells (Oct-3/4, Nanog), markers of cell proliferation (PCNA) and markers for mesenchymal cells (Vimentina and Ck-pan), which associated to morphological and culture growth features, suggest the existence of a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population in the goat bone marrow stromal cells studied. .

Citologia e histopatologia de pacientes assistidas em um centro de saúde da mulher / Cytology and Histopathology of patients assisted in a woman health center

O carcinoma de colo do útero é o segundo mais frequente em mulheres no Brasil, tendo acometido mais de 18.000 mulheres no ano de 2008. O presente estudo objetivou analisar e correlacionar os resultados obtidos nos laudos citológicos e histopatológicos, conforme a faixa etária das pacientes. Para tanto, metodologicamente foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal retrospectivo por meio de 106 prontuários de pacientes que apresentavam laudos citopatológicos e histopatológicos com atipias cervicais atendidas no período de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008 no Centro de Saúde da Mulher em Piripiri, Piauí, Brasil. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: quanto ao exame citológico os resultados mais frequentes foram os de ASCH e ASC/AG, correspondendo a respectivamente, 39,6% e 30%. Houve maior número de pacientes com laudo de ASC/AG e ASCH no intervalo de 25 a 34 anos, correspondendo a respectivamente, 13,2% e 17,9% destas lesões. Na histopatologia, 44 casos (41,5%) foram considerados LSIL, 53 casos (50%) foram diagnosticados com HSIL e 7 casos (6,6%) foram considerados como neoplasia maligna invasiva. Sendo assim, este estudo confirma a acuidade diagnóstica dos exames citológicos e histopatológicos, tendo em vista o grande número de lesões observadas, especialmente em pacientes jovens, destaca-se a importância de orientar práticas sexuais seguras, melhor controle na frequência de rastreamento e seguimento clínico destas pacientes.

Cervical carcinoma is the second most common carcinomas among women in Brazil, having involved over 18,000 women in 2008. Analyze and correlate the most frequent cervical lesions observed in cytological and histological examinations. A cross -sectional observational study was retrospectively performed with 106 patients from a Woman Health Center in Piripiri, Piaui, Brazil, from January 2007 to December 2008, who presented atypical cytopathologic and histopathologic cervical findings. The cytologic results were more frequent in ASC and ASCH/AG, representing 39.6% and 30%, respectively. There was a greater number of patients with report of ASC/AG and ASCH in the range of 25 to 34, representing respectively 13.2% and 17.9% of these lesions. Histopathologically, 44 cases (41.5%) were considered LSIL, 53 cases (50%) were diagnosed as HSIL and 7 cases (6.6%) were considered invasive malignancy. This study confirms the diagnostic accuracy of Pap smears, colposcopy and histopathology exams. Given the large number of lesions, especially in young patients, it highlights the importance of guidelines for safe sex practices, better control in the screening frequency and follow-up for these patients.

Prenatal development of the agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831): External features and growth curves.

The gestation period in agoutis can range from 104 to 120 days. Knowledge regarding the morphological characteristics of embryos and fetuses is important as a base for studies in reproduction biotechnology, such as in vitro fertilization, embryo transfer and helps in determining congenital anomalies during the development phase. Thus, given the importance and lack of information about agouti embryology, the objective of this study was to characterize the external morphology and define the biometry of embryos and fetuses, at different days of development. Nine females were submitted to daily colpocytology to identify the estrus, confirm mating and identify day zero of the gestation. When the mating was confirmed they were weighed, underwent abdominal ultrasonography and surgery was conducted on the females at the gestational ages of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 75 and 100 days. Sixteen embryos/fetuses were weighed and measured. Agouti embryos at 25 days after mating are "C" shaped, with primitive structures, 0.4±0.01cm crown-rump and weighed 0.06±0.01g; at 30 days after mating the crown-rump was 0.95±0.07cm and weighed 0.28±0.00g; at 35 days after mating the crown-rump was 155±0.07cm and weighed 0.38±0.01g; at 40 days after mating the crown-rump was 2.25±0.21cm and weighed 1.25±0.07g; at 45 days after mating the crown-rump was 3.45±0.35cm and weighed 2.75±0.64g; at 50 days after mating the crown-rump was 5.0±0.3cm and weighed 7.01±2.6g; at 75 days after mating, the skin was dark, the crown-rump was 10.0±0.14cm and weighed 55.2±0.07g. At 100 days after mating, the crown-rump was 13.8±0.49cm and fetuses weighed 136.7±9.40g. Based on the morphological data assessed the embryo and fetus age could be assessed and the size and average weight of agouti embryos was established.

Testicular arteries systematization based on different levels of scrotal configuration in caprines / Sistematização da artéria testicular em caprinos segundo a configuração escrotal

The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of testicular arterial vessels in caprines with different degrees of scrotal division. Scrotal configurations were classified as follows; Group I: scrotum without bipartition; Group II: scrotum showing a ventral division until the middle of the testis; and, Group III: scrotal separation extended beyond the middle of the testis. A colored vinyl acetate solution was injected into 60 testicular arteries (30 pairs). After, the samples were submitted to corrosion cast method to obtain tubular vascular models for macroscopic analysis. We observed that the testicular arteries emerge from the abdominal aorta, cross the inguinal canal to become coiled and involved by the pampiniform plexus. Close to the caudal extremity of the testis, the arteries become divided in cranial and caudal branches that emit collateral vessels to originate emerging branches. Testicles with intermediate level of scrotal division (group II) showed a smaller amount of those branches than the others, being the most populated the ventrolateral and the dorsolateral quadrants. The origin, distribution and localization of the testicular arteries did not show any differences related to the degree of scrotal division in caprines.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a distribuição dos vasos arteriais nos testículos em caprinos com diferentes graus de divisão escrotal. A configuração escrotal foi classificada da seguinte forma: Grupo I: constituído por caprinos com escroto único, Grupo II: com escroto separado até a metade do testículo e Grupo III: com separação escrotal estendendo-se além da metade do testículos. As artérias foram injetadas e coradas com solução de acetado de vinil, sendo os orgãos (30 pares) submetidos à corrossão para obtenção dos moldes vasculares. As artérias testiculares emergem da aorta abdominal, com trajeto retilíneo, atravessam o canal inguinal, apresentam-se espiraladas e envolvidas parcialmente pelo plexo pampiniforme. Próximo à extremidade caudada do testículo, dividem-se mais freqüentemente nos ramos cranial e caudal, os quais emitem vasos colaterais, de onde emergem ramos penetrantes. Os testículos dos animais com nível intermediário de divisão escrotal (Grupo II) apresentam menor quantidade destes ramos, sendo os quadrantes mais povoados o ventrolateral e o dorsolateral. Conclui-se que a origem, o trajeto e a distribuição das artérias testiculares não apresentam variações relacionadas ao grau de divisão escrotal em caprinos.

Efeito do grau de bipartição escrotal sobre a vascularização arterial do escroto de caprinos nativos do Estado do Piauí / Effect of the scrotal division degrees on the arterial supply distribution of native goats from the Piaui State

Avaliou-se a vascularização arterial do escroto em caprinos com vários graus de divisão escrotal. Foram utilizados 30 animais, distribuídos em três grupos: I - animais que apresentavam escroto único e aqueles com divisão até extremidade caudada dos testículos; II - animais com divisão escrotal até 50% do comprimento dos testículos; III - caprinos com divisão escrotal acima de 50% do comprimento testicular. Os caprinos foram sacrificados e, no Laboratório de Anatomia Animal da Universidade Federal do Piauí, realizadas as técnicas de repleção, corrosão ou dissecação, para estudo das artérias escrotais. A artéria escrotal origina-se freqüentemente (95%) da artéria pudenda externa, eventualmente (3,3%) da epigástrica caudal superficial, ou ainda origina-se como um ramo cranial da artéria epigástrica caudal superficial e um ramo caudal da artéria pudenda externa (1,7%). Na região dorsal do septo do escroto emite dois a três ramos primários, que fornecem os ramos secundários e terminais, os quais distribuem-se, indistintamente, nas faces cranial e caudal do escroto e, ocasionalmente, no septo do órgão. O número de ramos terminais não apresenta diferença em relação à configuração escrotal, porém a região correspondente à divisão escroto, conta com maior quantidade desses ramos nos animais que apresentam essa característica mais acentuada.

The present study was design to investigate the arterial distribution of goat's scrotum with several degrees of scrotum division. We used 30 animals divided in 3 groups of 10 animals each as follow: group I: animals with simple scrotum; II - animals with 50% of scrotum division; III - animals with more than 50% of scrotum division. The goats were sacrificed under deep anaesthesia and the techniques for evaluate the arterial distribution were performed at the Laboratory of animal anatomy of the Federal University of Piaui. The origin of the scrotum artery was mainly from the pudenda artery (95%), follows by the superficial caudal ephigastric artery (3,3%), or had your origin as one cranial branch of the superficial caudal ephigastric artery and one caudal branches of the extern pudenda artery (1,7%). The dorsal region of scrotal septum seed two or three primary branches that provide the secondary and terminals branches, which had indiscriminate distribution into the cranial and caudal faces of the scrotum, and occasionally at the septum. The number of the terminal branches doesn't have show any difference with the scrotum configuration, however the region that corresponds to the scrotum division had more number of these branches at the animals with the greatest scrotal division.

Distribuição intraparenquimal da artéria hepática em cutias (Dasyprocta sp, Rodentia) / Intraparenchymal distribution of the hepatic artery in agouti (Dasyproctasp, Rodentia)

Com o objetivo de analisar a ramificação da artéria hepática e sua distribuição intraparenquimal em cutias, foram utilizados dez fígados de cutias adultas, fêmeas e machas, cedidas pelo Núcleo de Estudos e Preservação de Animais Silvestres do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Piauí (Convênio FUFPI/IBAMA número 02/99). Oito fígados foram dissecados pela face visceral após injeção com látex do tipo Neoprene 650 (DuPont do Brasil Industrias Químicas) corado em vermelho, através da artéria hepática, e fixados em solução aquosa de formol a 10%, durante pelo menos 48 horas. Dois órgãos foram utilizados para a confecção dos moldes vasculares,através de injeção de solução de acetato de vinil corado em vermelho e corrosão em solução aquosa de ácido clorídrico a 30% até total destruição do parênquima. O estudo das peças mostrou que a artéria hepática na cutia divide-se em dois ramos principais, direito e esquerdo (100%). De forma geral, o ramo direito predominantemente (80%) origina vasos responsáveis pela vascularização dos lobos medial direito, lateral direito e caudado. O ramo esquerdo apresenta-se com maior freqüência (80%) constituindo um tronco comum aos vasos que se destinam aos lobos lateral esquerdo, medial esquerdo, quadrado, em 50%, também ao lobo caudado e em 20% ao lobo lateral direito. Sendo assim, conclui-se que a distribuição vascular da artéria hepática está relacionada à lobação do órgão, onde os ramos direito e esquerdo se distribuem no parênquima dos lobos do fígado, podendo-se inferir a presença de territórios com vascularização própria nos lobos hepáticos, caracterizando, portanto, a segmentação anátomo-cirúrgica arterial.

The present study was design to investigate the hepatic arteries branches and your intraparenchymal distribution in agoutis. Were studied ten agouti's livers, female and male from our colony (Núcleo de Estudos de Preservação de Animais Silvestres do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Piauí - FUFPI/IBAMA 02/99). After injection with colored latex Neoprene 650 (DuPont do Brasil, Chemistry Industries), through the hepatic artery, eight livers were dissected through the visceral faces. The samples were fixed in 10% aqueous formaldehyde solution and after a minimum period of 48 hours. Two organs were injected with colored vinil acetate, following procedures of acid chloride corrosion in order to obtained vascular casts. The study shows that the agouti's hepatic arteries bifurcate into two principals branches, right and left (100%). In general, the right branches usually (80%) gave origin vessels that are responsible for the right medial, right lateral and caudate lobes's vascularization. The left branches normally (80%) give origin vessels that are responsible for the left medial, left lateral, quadrate lobes's vascularization, also to the caudate lobos (50%) and right lateral (20%). In this way, the vascular distribution of the hepatic artery is related to the organ's lobos; where the right and left branches have intraparenchymal distribution into the liver's lobos. This study gave support to the anatomic-surgery artery segmentation.

Aspectos morfológicos da tuba uterina de cutias (Dasyprocta aguti, Mammalia: Rodentia) / Morphological aspects of the uterine tube in agouti (Dasyprocta aguti, Mammalia: Rodentia)

Foi analisada a estrutura da tuba uterina de cutias utilizando-se três fêmeas adultas, oriundas do Núcleo de Estudos e Preservação de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Após anestesia, foi realizada a eutanásia dos animais, em seguida, obtidos fragmentos da tuba uterina correspondentes às regiões cranial, média e caudal. Cortes de 3 a 5m de espessura foram corados pela Hematoxilina/Eosina e analisados e fotografados ao microscópio de luz. Foi evidenciado que, a parede da tuba uterina da cutia apresenta três camadas histologicamente distintas: mucosa, muscular e serosa, caracterizando as regiões infundíbulo, ampola e istmo. A mucosa, revestida por tecido epitelial simples colunar apresentando células ciliadas e não ciliadas, e, com grande quantidade de pregas em diferentes níveis. No epitélio de revestimento da mucosa do istmo, foram observadas áreas com células variando de cúbicas a pavimentosas. A luz do órgão, nas porções cranial e média, mostrase bem maior e mais irregular que na porção caudal. A lâmina própria, constituída de tecido conjuntivo frouxo, desprovida de glândulas, e na região da ampola, torna-se mais estreita e bastante celularizada. A camada muscular, formada por fibras musculares lisas dispostas em uma subcamada circular interna e outra longitudinal externa. A serosa mostra-se bastante vascularizada. As tubas uterinas da cutia guardam muita semelhança com as dos demais mamíferos quanto aos aspectos microscópicos.

Lobação, ramificação brônquica e distribuição arterial no pulmão da cutia (Dasyprocta sp., Mammalia Rodentia) / Lobation, bronchial tree and distribution of the pulmonary artery in Agouti (Dasyprocta sp., Mammalia - Rodentia)

Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar as características anatômicas do pulmão da cutia, particularmente os aspectos relativos a lobação, distribuição dos ramos da artéria pulmonar e sua relação com os brônquios. Para tal utilizaram-se dez conjuntos coração-pulmão, dos quais oito tiveram a artéria pulmonar injetada com látex neoprene corado. Os conjuntos foram fixados em solução de formol a 10% e os ramos arteriais no parênquima pulmonar foram dissecados. Em dois pulmões injetou-se vinil corado nas artérias e estes foram submetidos à corrosão no ácido clorídrico a 30%. O pulmão da cutia é dividido externamente por fissuras bastante pronunciadas, separando os lobos pulmonares, tanto à direita quanto à esquerda. O pulmão direito apresenta quatro lobos: cranial, médio, caudal e acessório, e o esquerdo dois lobos: cranial e caudal, sendo o lobo cranial dividido em segmentos cranial e caudal. Do brônquio principal direito derivam os brônquios lobares cranial direito, médio, caudal direito e acessório. O brônquio principal esquerdo origina um pequeno tronco, que emite o brônquio lobar cranial, o qual se bifurca, fornecendo ramos para as porções cranial e caudal do lobo cranial esquerdo, e segue como brônquio lobar caudal esquerdo. A artéria pulmonar direita origina, respectivamente, ramos para os lobos cranial, médio, acessório e caudal, e a esquerda fornece, isoladamente, os ramos ascendente e descendente para os segmentos cranial e caudal do lobo cranial esquerdo, prosseguindo para o lobo caudal. Conclui-se que, no pulmão da cutia, as artérias pulmonares seguem as ramificações bronquiais, caracterizando a segmentação anátomo-cirúrgica broncoarterial.