RESUMO
Há uma escassez em evidências científicas acerca de instrumentos de avaliação validados e padronizados aplicados ao Pilates. Diante da importância de uma análise individualizada e holística de cada paciente/cliente para melhor aplicação do método, faz-se necessário a construção de instrumentos que possuam uma abordagem biopsicossocial. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento de avaliação para o Pilates, baseado na da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro etapas. Levantamentos de informações sobre a avaliação no método Pilates, associação das informações com categorias da CIF, estudo Delphi, construção do instrumento. As informações foram obtidas por meio de um a scoping review e entrevistas com fisioterapeutas que trabalham com o Pilates, para construção as informações obtidas foram vinculadas com as categorias da CIF por dois pesquisadores de forma independente, em caso de discordância um terceiro julgaria a mais pertinente. Em seguida, foi realizado um estudo Delphi, para selecionar as categorias mais relevantes para compor o instrumento. Por fim, a construção do instrumento por três pesquisadores com conhecimento em Pilates e CIF. Resultados: O instrumento foi constituído por 49 categorias da CIF, distribuídas em 33 questões, sendo, 10 de funções do corpo, duas de estruturas do corpo, 16 de atividade e participação e, cinco dos fatores ambientais. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a construção de um instrumento que visa facilitar a compreensão do estado de saúde do paciente a partir de uma avaliação já realizada em cada serviço e, ao final será proporcionado uma linguagem comum.
There is a lack of scientific evidence on validated and standardized evaluation instruments applied to Pilates. Given the importance of an individualized and holistic analysis of each patient/client for a better application of the method, it is necessary to build instruments that have a bio-psychosocial approach. Objective: To develop an evaluation instrument for Pilates, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: The research was carried out in four stages. This is a survey of information about the assessment in the Pilates method, association of information with ICF categories, Delphi study, construction of the instrument. The information was obtained through a scoping review and interviews with physical therapists who work with Pilates. For the construction of the instrument, the information obtained was independently linked to the ICF categories by two researchers, and in case of disagreement a third party would judge the most pertinent. Next, a Delphi study was carried out to select the most relevant categories to compose the instrument; finally, the construction of the instrument by three researchers with knowledge about Pilates and ICF. Results: The instrument was made up of 49 ICF categories, distributed among 33 questions, being ten of body functions, two of body structures, 16 of activity and participation, and five of environmental factors. Conclusion: The study allowed the construction of an instrument that aims to facilitate the understanding of the patient's health status from an evaluation already performed in each service and, at the end, will provide a common language.
RESUMO
Neuroschistosomiasis is a severe form of presentation of schistosomiasis in which Schistosoma spp. affects the central nervous system. This is the first study performed to analyze whether there is any relationship between physical effort and the appearance of neuroschistosomiasis, through clinical, molecular and immunological evaluations. An experimental controlled study using 64 male Balb/c inbred mice divided into four groups according to presence or absence of S. mansoni infection and submitted to physical effort or resting was conducted. Thirteen weeks after exercise training, S. mansoni DNA was detected in the brain or spinal cord in about 30% of the infected animals moreover, only S. mansoni-positive samples showed positive labeling for S. mansoni antigens in the brain or spinal cord, with a striking reaction inside the microglia. However, the behavioral tests did not show any clinical symptoms of neuroschistosomiasis in animals submitted to physical effort or in resting. In animals with S. mansoni-positive DNA, immunohistochemical data revealed astrogliosis and microgliosis, elevated IL-10 levels and decreased TNF-α expression. This study demonstrated that isometric exercise does not promote neuroschistosomiasis, furthermore, ectopic forms of schistosomiasis in the central nervous system were largely asymptomatic and exhibited a Th2 immune response profile. More experimental studies are necessary in order to characterize the pathological process of experimental neuroschistosomiasis.
Assuntos
Neuroesquistossomose/fisiopatologia , Neuroesquistossomose/terapia , Condicionamento Físico Animal/fisiologia , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Sistema Nervoso Central/lesões , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-10/sangue , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Neuroesquistossomose/metabolismo , Condicionamento Físico Animal/métodos , Schistosoma mansoni/patogenicidade , Esquistossomose/fisiopatologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/fisiopatologia , Medula Espinal/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangueRESUMO
Laboratory maintenance of the Schistosoma mansoni cycle is necessary for developing studies regarding the diagnosis, treatment and control of schistosomiasis. Within this perspective, it is paramount that mice infected by the parasite should present a minimum survival of six months. However, between October 2016 and May 2017, early deaths were observed among infected animals kept in the vivarium of the Schistosomiasis Reference Service of IAMFIOCRUZ. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to present the results obtained after investigating the main cause of death among these animals. To achieve this, animals that died or that needed to be euthanized due to clinical distress caused by parasite infection were necropsied to investigate the cause of death and clinical condition. Fragments from the intestines, mesenteric vessels and livers were removed and were subjected to histopathological studies. In addition, mouse feces were collected and analyzed using the hydrogen peroxide reaction to detect occult blood. Over an eight-month period, 70 deaths were noted. Forty two animals presented mesenteric ischemia, a vascular insufficiency syndrome that causes a reduction in the nutrient supply to the intestinal viscera. There is, therefore, a need to reduce the infective parasite load in mice to increase their survival, reduce distress caused by the infection and ensure maintenance of the S. mansoni cycle, thus enabling continuity of scientific studies on this parasitosis.
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Schistosoma mansoni , Isquemia Mesentérica , CamundongosRESUMO
Objetivos: Codificar, através da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade (CIF), o estado de saúde dos pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) cardiotorácica e comparar a codificação da mobilidade destes na admissão e na alta da unidade. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional longitudinal descritivo, na UTI Cardiotorácica adulta, no segundo dia de internação e no dia da alta. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma ficha de internação e de um checklist cardiológico da CIF. Resultados: Amostra composta por 43 pacientes, idade média de 50,58 ± 17,24 anos, com internação média de 3,42 ± 4,24 dias. Na codificação relacionada a transferência e locomoção, feita na avaliação e alta, observou-se resultados estatisticamente significantes (p < 0,001) para todas as variáveis analisadas. Conclusão: A CIF demonstrou grande capacidade de padronizar a linguagem entre os profissionais na UTI além de quantificar a evolução dos pacientes. (AU)
Objectives: To codify, using the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), the health status of patients hospitalized in the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and compare the encoding of these mobility at admission and at discharge from the unit. Methods: A descriptive longitudinal study was performed in adult Cardiothoracic ICU on the second day of admission and day of discharge. Data were collected through a hospitalization form and a cardiology checklist of CIF. Results: A sample of 43 patients, 50.58 ± 17.24 years old, with an average hospital stay of 3.42 ± 4.24 days. We noticed that, in coding related to transfer and locomotion, made in the assessment and discharge, there was a statistically significant result (p < 0.001) for all variables. Conclusion: The ICF has shown great ability to standardize the language among professionals in the ICU as well as quantify the evolution of intensive care unit patients.(AU)