Relationship of ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of a short lingual frenulum as a risk factor for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. A shortened frenulum may contribute to abnormal orofacial development, leading to increased upper airway resistance and susceptibility to upper airway collapsibility during sleep. Recognizing early indicators, such as a short lingual frenulum, is crucial for prompt intervention. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between a short lingual frenulum and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children. METHODS: This systematic review adheres to PRISMA criteria for a quantitative analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted on five databases until January 2024 to identify relevant studies. The selected articles underwent rigorous analysis, considering study design, sample characteristics, lingual frenulum characterization, sleep assessment methods, and key findings. RESULTS: A total of 239 references were initially identified. Finally, six studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, with four studies eligible for the quantitative synthesis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed to assess study quality. Meta-analysis, supported by a moderate evidence profile according to the GRADE scale, revealed statistically significant differences, with odds ratios of 3.051 (confidence interval: 1.939 to 4.801) for a short frenulum and 12.304 (confidence interval: 6.141 to 24.653) for a high-arched palate. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence supporting the association between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea in children. Nevertheless, it is crucial to consider additional factors such as tongue mobility and the presence of a high-arched palate in further evaluations.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta: case report with nanoceramic resin crowns restorative treatment.

Children with dentinogenesis imperfecta require restorative or prosthodontic treatment to minimize the aesthetic and functional impact of the condition. This clinical case report describes the oral rehabilitation procedure in a 12-year-old patient with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II using nanoceramic resin crowns fabricated with Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and the patient's progression over eight years. This minimal intervention approach enabled functional and aesthetic reestablishment along with tooth wear prevention. The result simplified an extensive prosthetic procedure and facilitated an affordable rehabilitation for the young patient while providing excellent long-term outcomes.

Management of Hypoplastic or Hypomineralized Defects with Resin Infiltration at Pediatric Ages: Systematic Review.

Hypoplastic or hypomineralized enamel defects represent a recurrent reason for consultation within the pediatric population, causing great discomfort due to their aesthetic appearance, as well as their functional limitations. Current conservative dentistry requires minimally invasive treatments in order to treat such defects and provide successful, definitive solutions. A systematic review of the literature has been carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. A search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and Web of Science databases, completed with a manual search. The following variables were extracted from the selected studies: author, year, publication journal, type of study, sample, age of the participants and the materials used for its development. From the initial electronic search of the four databases, 282 articles were identified: 34 from PubMed, 240 from Scopus, 0 from SciELO and 8 from Web of Science. After eliminating duplicate articles, a total of 225 remained. After reading the title and abstract, 158 articles were eliminated, leaving 68. Upon reading the full text, the remaining studies were eliminated for not answering the research question or the inclusion criteria, leaving a total of 13 articles. Finally, 12 articles were used to carry out the systematic review. Treatments performed to date with the ICON™ system in pediatric patients have shown good results after their application. Since the variability of diagnostic methods has been observed, new diagnostic and assessment protocols should be created after treatment to objectify their effect on hypoplastic or hypomineralized enamel defects. In the same way, it has been described that treatment provides better results if combined with other opalustre-type or remineralizing materials. This review is registered in PROSPERO with the number CRD42021288738.

Risk factors for orthodontic mini-implants in skeletal anchorage biological stability: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

The reason of the biological stability loss of mini-implants is still a matter of discussion between dentistry professionals. The main objective of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to analyze the risk factors that prejudice this loss. A search was made in the electronic databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane, in addition a manual search was made too in Grey Literature (Opengrey). No limits were set on the year of publication or language. The inclusion criteria were: studies in humans treated with fixed appliances with mini-implants, where the risk factors for secondary stability were evaluated for a minimum of 8 weeks. After eliminating duplicate studies and assessing which ones achieve the inclusion criteria, a total of 26 studies were selected for the qualitative synthesis, 18 of them were included in the quantitative synthesis. Common risk variables were compared in all of them. Analyzing the forest and funnel plots, statistically significant differences were obtained only for location, the upper maxilla having lower risk than the mandible with an odds ratio of 0.56 and confidence interval of 0.39 to 0.80. Prospective studies under controlled conditions should be required in order to obtain a correct assessment of the variables analyzed.