RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Los schwannomas esofágicos son tumores de elementos perineurales de la vaina nerviosa de la célula de Schwann en los nervios periféricos y representan el 2 % de los tumores primarios de esófago. Su difícil diagnóstico está dado por la baja incidencia que este presenta; sin embargo, es una etiología que debe considerarse debido a que su comportamiento clínico e imagenológico es rápidamente progresivo e inusual, comparado con otros tumores benignos de esófago. Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 38 años con cuadro clínico de disfagia de 1 año de evolución, con endoscopia de vías digestivas altas y tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) de tórax contrastada que evidencian una masa a nivel del esófago cervical y torácico transmural, que obstruye la luz y ejerce el efecto de masa sobre la tráquea. Se realizó una biopsia que reportó un tumor fusocelular con inmunohistoquímica positiva para el marcador S100, por lo que se diagnosticó un schwannoma esofágico. En la actualidad, la paciente se encuentra en controles periódicos y en espera del concepto por oncología clínica para proponer tratamiento no quirúrgico dado el compromiso adyacente. Conclusión: Ante la sospecha de tumor primario de esófago, la primera impresión diagnóstica según la incidencia será un leiomioma, pero con nuestro reporte de caso de schwannoma esofágico, se resalta que, en un cuadro clínico no usual, este es un diagnóstico diferencial que requiere atención precoz para evitar complicaciones y secuelas en los pacientes.
Abstract Introduction: Esophageal schwannomas are tumors of the perineural components of the Schwann cell nerve sheath in peripheral nerves and account for 2% of primary esophageal tumors. Its low incidence makes diagnosis challenging; however, this etiology should be considered because its clinical and imaging behavior is rapidly progressive and unusual compared to other benign esophageal tumors. Case study: A 38-year-old female patient with a 1-year history of dysphagia underwent upper digestive tract endoscopy and contrast chest CT showing a mass at the cervical and transmural thoracic esophagus level, obstructing the lumen and exerting a mass effect on the trachea. A biopsy revealed a spindle cell tumor with positive immunohistochemistry for the S100 marker, leading to the diagnosis of esophageal Schwannoma. The patient is currently undergoing regular check-ups and is awaiting the advice of a clinical oncologist to recommend non-surgical treatment options due to the involvement of adjacent structures. Conclusion: The first diagnostic impression in the case of a suspected primary esophageal tumor would be a leiomyoma based on its incidence. The present case report of an esophageal schwannoma emphasizes that this is a differential diagnosis that requires timely treatment to avoid complications and sequelae in patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Neurilemoma , Terapêutica , EndoscopiaRESUMO
Addressing patients' social determinants of health via community resource referrals has historically been the primary domain of social workers and information and referral specialists; however, community resource referral platforms have recently entered the market. We lack an account of the process of community resource referrals and the role of technologies within it. Using sociotechnical systems theory, we analyze data from 12 focus groups (n=102) with healthcare providers, and community organization staff and volunteers in Metropolitan Detroit to describe the process of community resource referral. Findings reveal a deeply sociotechnical process including the following steps: assessing patients' social needs; choosing appropriate referral sources; and facilitating connections. We characterize the importance of knowledge and skills, personal relationships, interorganizational networks, and data sources such as service directories in the referral process. Findings suggest that digital platforms may augment referral functions, but should not be seen to replace interpersonal work, relationships, and interorganizational networks.