Pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos atendidos em ambiente hospitalar e maternidade: dos fatores sociodemográficos e econômicos aos clínicos e relacionados à saúde bucal / Hypertensive and diabetic patients assisted in a hospital and maternity environment: from sociodemographic and economic factors to clinical and oral health-related factors / Pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos atendidos en un entorno hospitalario y de maternidad: de los factores sociodemográficos y económicos a los factores clínicos y relacionados con la salud bucodental

O estudo objetivou determinar as características e associações entre os fatores sociodemográficos, econômicos, clínicos e relacionados à saúde bucal de hipertensos e diabéticos atendidos em hospital e maternidade de um município cearense. Trata-se de estudo observacional analítico transversal e de abordagem quantitativa realizado com pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos atendidos em hospital e maternidade do município de Redenção - CE, no período de dezembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. Após consentimento, aplicou-se um questionário, abordando desde a presença e história clínica de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e Diabetes Mellitus (DM) aos aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal e consumo de alimentos cariogênicos. Em seguida, os participantes foram submetidos à verificação da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados. Dos 42 participantes, 73,80% tinham história familiar de HAS, 92,85% desconheciam as doenças bucais e 73,80% não sabiam como preveni-las. Observou-se associação significativa entre ser participante que não admitia a influência da HAS e DM sobre a saúde bucal e não ser acompanhado pelo odontólogo, assim como ser hipertenso e/ou diabético com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos e conhecer os meios preventivos de doenças bucais. Conclui-se que os pacientes apresentavam HAS e DM controladas, desconheciam as doenças bucais e não acreditavam na influência da HAS e DM sobre a saúde bucal, apesar da consciência quanto à interferência da saúde oral sobre a saúde geral.

study aimed to determine the characteristics and associations between sociodemographic, economic, clinical, and oral health-related factors of hypertensive and diabetic patients treated at a hospital and maternity hospital in a municipality in Ceará. This is a cross-sectional analytical observational study with a quantitative approach carried out with hypertensive and diabetic patients treated at a hospital and maternity hospital in Redenção - CE, from December 2019 to February 2020. After consent, a questionnaire was applied, ranging from the presence and clinical history of Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) to aspects of oral health and consumption of cariogenic foods. Then, the participants underwent verification of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Data were tabulated and analyzed. Of the 42 participants, 73.80% had a family history of SAH, 92.85% were unaware of oral diseases, and 73.80% did not know how to prevent them. A significant association was observed between being a participant who did not admit the influence of SAH and/or DM on oral health and not being accompanied by a dentist, as well as being hypertensive and diabetic aged 60 years or older and knowing the preventive means of oral diseases. It was concluded that the patients who had controlled SAH and DM were unaware of oral diseases and did not believe in the influence of SAH and DM on oral health, despite being aware of the interference of oral health on general health.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las características y asociaciones entre factores sociodemográficos, económicos, clínicos y relacionados a la salud bucal de pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos atendidos en un hospital y maternidad de un municipio de Ceará. Se trata de un estudio observacional analítico transversal con abordaje cuantitativo realizado con pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos atendidos en un hospital y maternidad de Redenção - CE, de diciembre de 2019 a febrero de 2020. Tras el consentimiento, se aplicó un cuestionario que abarcaba desde la presencia e historia clínica de Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica (HAS) y Diabetes Mellitus (DM) hasta aspectos de salud bucal y consumo de alimentos cariogénicos. A continuación, los participantes se sometieron a la verificación de la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica. Los datos se tabularon y analizaron. De los 42 participantes, el 73,80% tenía antecedentes familiares de HSA, el 92,85% desconocía las enfermedades bucodentales y el 73,80% no sabía cómo prevenirlas. Se observó una asociación significativa entre ser un participante que no admitía la influencia de la HSA y/o la DM en la salud bucodental y no estar acompañado por un dentista, así como ser hipertenso y diabético de 60 años o más y conocer los medios preventivos de las enfermedades bucodentales. Se concluyó que los pacientes que tenían controlada la HSA y la DM desconocían las enfermedades bucodentales y no creían en la influencia de la HSA y la DM en la salud bucodental, a pesar de ser conscientes de la interferencia de la salud bucodental en la salud general.

Histopatologia da placenta de gestantes infectadas pelo coronavírus tipo 2 da síndrome respiratória aguda grave / Histopathology of placenta in pregnant women infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirustype 2 / Histopatología de laplacenta enmujeres embarazadasinfectadas por síndrome respiratorio agudo grave coronavirus tipo 2

Objetivo: Identificar e avaliar as evidências científicas relacionadas aos principais achados histopatológicos observados na placenta de gestantes infectadas pelo coronavírus tipo 2 da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave(SARS-CoV-2). Método:Trata-se de revisão integrativa conduzida nas bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, em fevereiro de 2021. Baseada na estratégia PICO, foi formulada a pergunta norteadora"Quais os achados histopatológicos observados na placenta em gestantes infectadas por SARS-CoV-2?". A busca nasbasesde dados foi realizada, utilizando descritores "Coronavirus Infections" e "Placenta Diseases", palavra-chave "Histopathological" e operador booleano And.Resultados: Das cinco publicações incluídas, 80,0% constavam na PubMede 60,0% tinham sido publicadas em revistas de Patologia. Destacou-se, como acometimento histopatológico placentário, a má perfusão vascular materna.Conclusão:Apesar dos estudos terem sido publicados principalmente em base de dados de relevância e em idioma universal, sua condução se restringiu especialmente em um determinado país, ano e revista especializada, além de adotarem um tipo de pesquisa com baixo nível de evidência. Embora os artigos não tenham se limitado a identificar, explorar e avaliar achados histopatológicos, eles apontaram, como principais fenômenos histopatológicos, a má perfusão vascular materna, infarto viloso, corioamnionite, maturação vilosa acelerada, arteriopatia deciduale deciduíte linfoplasmocitária crônica.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the scientific evidence related to the main histopathological findings observed in the placenta of pregnant women infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome type 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Method:This is an integrative review conducted in the CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, in February 2021. Based on the PICO strategy, the guiding question "What histopathological findings observed in the placenta in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2?". The search in the databases was performed using the descriptors "Coronavirus Infections" and "Placenta Diseases", keyword "Histopathological" and Boolean operator And. Results:Of the five publications included, 80.0% were in PubMed and 60.0% had been published in journals of Pathology. The poor maternal vascular perfusion was highlighted as placental histopathological involvement. Conclusion:Although the studies were published mainly in a relevant database and in a universal language, their conduct was restricted especially in a specific country, year and specialized journal, in addition to adopting a type of research with a low level of evidence. Although the articles were not limited to identifying, exploring and evaluating histopathological findings, they pointed out, as the main histopathological phenomena, poor maternal vascular perfusion, villous infarction, chorioamnionitis, accelerated villous maturation, decidual arteriopathy and chronic lymphoplasmacytic deciduitis.

Objetivo: Identificar y evaluar la evidencia científica relacionada con los principales hallazgos histopatológicos observados en la placenta de gestantes infectadas por el coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Método:Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, en febrero de 2021. Con base en la estrategia PICO, la pregunta orientadora "¿Qué hallazgos histopatológicos observados en la placenta en mujeresembarazadas infectadas con SARS-CoV -2? ". La búsqueda en las bases de datos se realizó mediante los descriptores "Infecciones por coronavirus" y "Enfermedades de la placenta", palabra clave "Histopatológico" y operador booleano Y. Resultados:De las cinco publicaciones incluidas, el 80,0% estaban en PubMed y el 60,0% habían sido publicadas en revistas de Patología. La mala perfusión vascular materna se destacó como afectación histopatológica placentaria. Conclusión:si bien los estudios se publicaron principalmente en una base de datos relevante y en un idioma universal, su realización se restringió especialmente en un país, año y revista especializada, además de adoptar un tipo de investigación con bajo nivel de evidencia. Si bien los artículos no se limitaron a identificar, explorar y evaluar hallazgos histopatológicos, señalaron como principales fenómenos histopatológicos la mala perfusión vascular materna, el infarto de vellosidades, la corioamnionitis, la maduración acelerada de las vellosidades, la arteriopatía decidual y la deciduitis linfoplasmocítica crónica.

Supplemented powdered coconut water (ACP-406®) promotes growth of goat secondary follicles and oocyte meiotic resumption.

The objective of this study was to test the efficiency of powdered coconut water (ACP-406®) base-medium without or with the addition of supplements on in vitro culture of isolated goat secondary follicles. Follicles were cultured for 18 days in α-MEM or in ACP-406®, both without supplements (referred to as α-MEM and ACP, respectively), or both supplemented with BSA, insulin, transferrin, selenium, glutamine, hypoxanthine, and ascorbic acid (referred to as α-MEM+ and ACP+). Follicular morphology, antrum formation, follicular and oocyte diameter, levels of glutathione (GSH), and chromatin configuration after in vitro maturation were evaluated. At the end of culture, ACP-406® base-medium (without or with supplements) showed a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of normal follicles than α-MEM (without or with supplements). Antrum formation was similar among α-MEM+, ACP and ACP+, and significantly higher than α-MEM without supplements. The follicular diameter was greater in ACP+ than α-MEM, and similar to other treatments. Moreover, fully and daily grown rates were higher (P < 0.05) in ACP-406® base-medium (without or with supplements) than α-MEM (without or with supplements). Levels of GSH were similar between ACP+ and α-MEM+ treatments. Both ACP+ and α-MEM+ allowed meiotic resumption without a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, supplemented ACP-406® base-medium maintained follicular survival and promoted the development as well as meiotic resumption of isolated goat secondary follicles cultured in vitro for 18 days.

Fraction of Auxemma oncocalyx and Oncocalyxone A Affects the In Vitro Survival and Development of Caprine Preantral Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Cortical Tissue.

BACKGROUND: Auxemma oncocalyx and its main component oncocalyxone A (onco A) have a high level of antioxidant and antitumor activity, but there are no studies on the action of both of these drugs regarding folliculogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Caprine ovarian tissue fragments were fixed (non-cultured control) or cultured for 1 or 7 days in α-MEM+ alone (cultured control) or supplemented with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 20% v/v), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15; 100 ng/ml), doxorubicin (DXR; 0.3 g/ml), or different concentrations of A. oncocalyx (1.2, 12, or 34 g/ml) or onco A (1, 10, or 30 g/ml). We analyzed for follicular morphology and growth, apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay), and cell proliferation (silver staining of argyrophilic nucleolus organizer regions (AgNOR) and test for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)). RESULTS: A. oncocalyx and onco A (in a concentration-dependent manner) and DXR decreased (P < 0.05) the number of morphologically normal follicles, with no effect (P > 0.05) on follicular growth. A. oncocalyx reduced (P < 0.05) the percentage of normal follicles compared to onco A, whereas DXR, A. oncocalyx 1.2 g/ml, and onco A 1 g/ml increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of TUNEL-positive follicles. DXR decreased (P < 0.05) the number of nucleolus organizer regions. CONCLUSION: A. oncocalyx and onco A affected the in vitro caprine folliculogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Onco A (1 g/ml) has a less harmful effect than DXR on goat preantral follicle survival.

Short-term preservation of canine preantral follicles: Effects of temperature, medium and time.

The use of the large pool of preantral follicles is a promising alternative to provide high numbers of fertilizable oocytes to reproductive biotechnology. This issue is particularly important to canids, since current rates of success of in vitro techniques using oocytes are very limited, and many species within this family are threatened by extinction. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of temperature, medium and time on morphology and viability of canine preantral follicles during short-term preservation. Canine ovaries were cut into fragments which were incubated in 0.9% NaCl solution or in minimum essential medium (MEM) at 4, 20 or 38 degrees C for 2, 6, 12 or 24 h. Afterwards, preantral follicles were analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy and viability testing using trypan blue, calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1. Percentages of morphological normal and viable follicles were maintained similar to control (time 0 h) after incubation in 0.9% NaCl at 4 or 20 degrees C for up to 6h and at 38 degrees C for 2 h. Using MEM, such preservation was possible for 12h at 4 or 20 degrees C, and for 6h at 38 degrees C. These results indicate that preservation of canine preantral follicles might be better accomplished through hypothermic (4 or 20 degrees C) storage in MEM, which ensures maintenance of morphology and viability for up to 12h.

Preservation of bovine preantral follicle viability and ultra-structure after cooling and freezing of ovarian tissue.

Bovine preantral follicles within ovarian fragments were exposed and cryopreserved in absence or presence of 1.5M glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), propanediol (PROH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), undergoing a previous cooling at 20 degrees C for 1h (protocol 1) or at 4 degrees C for 24h (protocol 2) in 0.9% saline solution. At the end of each treatment, preantral follicles were classified as non-viable/viable when they were stained/not stained with trypan blue, respectively. To confirm viability staining, ultra-structure of the follicles was evaluated by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). Data were compared by Chi-square test (P<0.05). The storage of the ovaries at 20 degrees C for 1h (78%) and 4 degrees C for 24h (80%) did not reduce significantly the percentage of viable preantral follicles when compared to the control (75%). Similar results were obtained when ovarian fragments, respectively, for protocols 1 and 2, were exposed to MEM (78 and 77%), 1.5M EG (78 and 71%), as well as frozen in 1.5M EG (74 and 77%). Percentages of viable follicles in control were similar to those observed after exposure (75%) and freezing (76%) in presence of 1.5M DMSO only when protocol 1 was used. The increase of the concentration from 1.5 to 3.0M, for all cryoprotectants, reduced significantly the percentage of viable preantral follicles after freezing. Ultra-structural analysis has confirmed trypan blue results, showing that not only basement membrane, but also organelles, were intact in viable preantral follicles. In conclusion, ovarian tissue cooling at 4 degrees C for 24h before cryopreservation (protocol 2) does not affect the viability of bovine preantral follicles when 1.5M EG is present in the cryopreservation medium.

Teste de toxicidade e criopreservação de folículos pré-antrais ovinos isolados utilizando Glicerol, Etilenoglicol, Dimetilsulfóxido e Propanodiol / Toxicity test and cryopreservation of sheep isolated preantral follicles using glycerol, ethylen glycol, dimethil sulfoxyde and propanediol

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar foliculos pré-antrais (FOPA) ovinos isolados após sua exposição e criopreservação utilizando glicerol (GLI), etilenoglicol (EG), propanodiol (PROH) ou dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) a 1,5 e 3,0 M. Cada par ovariano de 5 ovelhas sem raça definida foi coletado em abatedouro local e submetido ao isolamento folicular. Da suspensão obtida, uma aliquota foi imediatamente destinada à análise da viabilidade folicular com o auxílio do corante vital azul de trypan. O restante da suspensão foi dividida em 16 aliquotas de 0,9 mL, suspensas (v/v) em MEM+ com EG, DMSO, GLI ou PROH a 1,5 ou 3,0 M, para teste de toxicidade e criopreservação. Após o término de cada tratamento, a viabilidade folicular foi analisada e os FOPA considerados viáveis se não corados ou não viáveis, quando corados. A análise dos dados mostrou que após o teste de toxicidade e criopreservação, em todos os crioprotetores e em ambas as concentrações, a percentagem de FOPA viáveis foi significativamente reduzida quando comparada ao controle. No teste de toxicidade, quando os crioprotetores foram comparados entre si nas mesmas concentrações, foram observadas percentagens signifIcativamente menores de FOPA viáveis no PROH 3,0 M (38,9%), apresentando-se, portanto, mais tóxico quando comparado aos demais crioprotetores. Após criopreservação, obteve-se percentagens significativamente maiores de foliculos pré-antrais viáveis quando o EG e o DMSO foram utilizados. Em conclusão, FOPA ovinos isolados podem ser criopreservados com sucesso utilizando-se D MSO e EG a 1,5 e 3,0 M.

The aim of this study was to evaluate isolated sheep preantral follicles (PF) after exposure and cryopreservation using glycerol (GLI), ethylene glycol (EG), propanediol (PROH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 1.5 and 3.0 M. Each ovarian pair from 5 mixed breed adult sheeps was obtained at a local slaughterhouse and submited to follicular isolation. From the obtained suspension, one aliquot was immediately analysed with trypan blue. The remaining suspension was divided in 16 aliquots of 0.9 mL, suspended in (v /v) in MEM+with EG, DMSO, GLI or PROH at 1.5 or 3.0 M to the toxicity test and cryopreservation. After the end of each treatment, the follicular viability was analysed and the PF were classified as viable if not dyed or not viable if dyed with trypan blue. The analysis of the results showed that after the toxicity test and cryopreservation, using all cryoprotectants and at both concentrations, the percentage of viable PF was significandy reduced when compared to the control. At the toxicity test, when the cryoprotectants were compared at the same concentrations, the lowest percentage of viable preantral follicles was obtained when 3.0 M PRO H (38,9%) was used, being, more toxic when compared to the others cryoprotectants. After cryopreservation, significantly higher percentual of viable PF was observed when the EG and DMSO were used. In conclusion, sheep PF can be cryopreserved successfully using DMSO and EG at 1.5 and 3.0 M.