Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in the Adrenal Gland: A Case Report.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) were first described by Harold Brunn in 1939. IMTs are mainly found in the lungs and other sites of the body; hence, its occurrence in the adrenal gland is exceptional. In the literature, less than 10 cases of IMTs in the adrenal gland have been reported. The etiology of IMT remains unknown, with post-inflammatory changes and a neoplastic origin being proposed. We present a case of a 19-year-old woman and adrenal gland IMT. The patient presented with abdominal pain and low cardiac output without hypovolemic shock. Computed tomography revealed a tumor in the adrenal gland measuring 11.4 cm with extravasation of contrast medium within the tumor. Treatment included conservative management with selective embolization due to minimal invasion of the inferior artery of the adrenal gland. The patient was then discharged with possibility of future elective surgery. Four months later, the size of the tumor decreased to 6.3 cm, and her Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group physical status was 0. The Multidisciplinary Tumor Board suggested surgical management. The final histopathology report was compatible with an IMT of the adrenal gland, with the immunohistochemical report showing positivity for anti-actin muscle-specific and anti-actin smooth muscle and negativity for anaplastic lymphoma kinase. IMTs of the adrenal gland may be treated electively through multidisciplinary management together with interventional radiology and surgery, achieving a favorable outcome for the patient.

[The Mexican Board of Pathology: microscopy examination before and after digital microscopy]. / Consejo Mexicano de Médicos Anatomopatólogos: su examen de microscopia, antes y después de su digitalización.

INTRODUCTION: The examination carried out by the COMMAP for the certification process assessed pathologist formed in dissimilar institutions. In 2007 COMMAP's governing body in turn, decided to digitize it. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the conversion to virtual slides in the microscopy section, compared with the traditional have had an impact on the scores of the candidates. METHOD: The slides were scanned with high resolution. The virtual microscope is a standard computer screen where there is a program (Aperio Scope Image Viewer) that can display the scanned slides. The results of the microscopy section of the past nine years were compared; two groups were formed: 1) those without digitized examination, and 2) with it. The results were compared by Student t-test and Mann-Whitney. RESULTS: Of a 461 results 240 belonged to the first group and 221 to the second one. On a scale of 1-10, the average scores were 6.6 and 6.8, respectively (p > 0.6 and > 0.5).The minimum and maximum scores were also similar in each group. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, the digitized exam in the COMMAP's certification process shows no difference between the digitized and the conventional versions.

Atypical intermediate-grade mediastinal carcinoid. Case presentation.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 25% of carcinoid tumors develop in the respiratory system. Neuroendocrine carcinoids represent ~5% of all mediastinal tumors and 1-5% of all intrathoracic neoplasms. They contain numerous neurosecretory granules that synthesize, store and release neurohumoral substances that can induce the carcinoid syndrome. CLINICAL CASE: A 21-year-old male presented with a rapidly progressive paraneoplastic syndrome unleashed by an acute urethritis. Two left mediastinal masses were identified and resected. Postoperative evolution has been uneventful during the first year. CONCLUSIONS: We emphasize the importance of early detection of primary and satellite lesions of these tumors including neurohumoral markers and PET/CT scans as in this case, as well as the participation of a multidisciplinary team.

Comportamiento biológico atípico del rabdomiosarcoma alveolar en cinco pacientes / Atypical biological behavior of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in five patients

Se informan cinco casos de rabdomiosarcoma alveolar con presentación clínica atípica. Tres pacientes presentaron linfadenomegalias como primera manifestación clínica, imitando el comportamiento de un linfoma o de un tumor primario no identificado con metástasis ganglionares. Un sujeto presentó enfermedad tumoral sistémica, y dos presentaron el tumor primario en localizaciones atípicas, como el mediastino y el retroperitoneo. Todos los enfermos fallecieron y cuatro fueron autopsiados. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue confirmado por medio de estudios de inmunohistoquímica en cuatro casos. El rabdomiosarcoma alveolar tiene mal pronóstico y puede presentar un comportamiento clínico y una morfología variable, simulando linfomas, leucemias y enfermedad metastásica sistémica sin tumor primario conocido, como en los casos que aquí se informan

Glándula suprarrenal y SIDA, hallazgos postmortem en 119 casos / Suprarenal gland and AIDS, postmortem findings in 119 cases

Se analizaron 119 protocolos de autopsias de pacientes que fallecieron por SIDA. Todos ellos se encontraron en la etapa IV, de acuerdo a la clasificación del Centers For Disease Control. Del total de casos, 104 fueron hombres (87.4%) y 15 mujeres (12.6%). Todos adultos entre 20 y 50 años, 86 pacientes (72.3%) contrajeron la enfermedad a través de relaciones homo y heterosexuales; 25 pacientes (21%) se infectaron mediante transfusión sanguínea y en ocho (6.7%) se desconoce como adquirieron la enfermedad. La afección de las glandulas suprarenales se encontró en 89 casos (75%); sin embargo, 30 casos (25%) macroscopicamente presentaron glandulas de aspecto normal o con deplección lipoide. Histológicamente la lesión predominante fue una adrenalitis con extensa nicrosis cortico medular producida por gérmenes oportunistas. El citomegalovirus fue el agente oportunista detectada, con mayor frecuencia. No obstante que algunos casos presentaron destrucción casi total de ambas glándulas suprarrenales, en ningún paciente se estableció el diagnóstico premortem de insuficiencia córtico -suprarrenal.

Sindrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. Informe de las primeras 29 autopsias en la Unidad de Patología del Hospital General de México, S.S. / Acquired immunedeficiency syndrome. Report of the first 29 autopsies at the Pathology Service, Hospital General de México, S.S.

De 1986 al 1 de enero de 1988 se practicaron 29 autopsias a pacientes con sindrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. La mayoría (82.7%) fueron hombres entre 20 y 30 años de edad, pertenecientes a estratos socioeconómico bajo. Los grupos de riesgo más comunes fueron el homosexual (66.7%) y el postransfuncional (6.9%); en el 20%de los casos no se identificó ningún factor de riesgo. La mayoría de los pacientes (82.8%) fallecieron en menos de l2 meses de haber iniciado su sintomatología. Las infecciones más comunes fueron las causadas por citomegalovirus (12 casos), toxoplasmosis (10 casos), tuberculosis y neumonía por Pneumocystis carini (20.7%). La frecuencia de algunas infecciones difiere de lo informado en otras series nacionales y en series estadounidenses.